四川盆地二叠纪玄武岩喷发事件的油气地质意义
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摘要
基于四川盆地二叠纪玄武岩喷发事件,在众多前人研究成果的基础上,详细研究玄武岩的时空分布特征,分析玄武岩喷发事件的油气地质意义。结果表明,峨眉山玄武岩垂向上具有多旋回的特征,最多可识别出10~11个旋回;平面上不仅在川西、川南大面积分布,在川东北也有分布。玄武岩油气地质意义表现在:玄武岩经过后期改造发育有效储集空间,可以构成油气储层;玄武岩喷发前玄武岩浆呈柱状上侵过程中形成的隆升系统,对后期的生物礁和颗粒滩沉积体系的发育创造了有利条件,并为下二叠统茅口组古岩溶储层发育创造了条件;隆升同时发育拉张系统,为下伏茅口组灰岩白云岩化深部Mg~(2+)来源提供了运移通道;二叠系含油气系统的形成亦受控于此。
The eruption event of Permian Emeishan basalt,the temporal and spatial distribution of basalt in the Sichuan Basin and its geological significance of oil and gas are studied and analyzed.It shows that the Emeishan basalts develop as many as 10 to 11erupting cycles in vertical direction and distribute in the west,east and northeast Sichuan Basin.After the formation of basalt,the subsequent reformation of basalt leads to the development of effective reservoir space and formation of oil and gas reservoir.The column uplift of basalt magma provides favorable condition for the formation of late stage reef and beach as well as for the development of karst reservoir in the late Permian Maokou Formation.The extension system accompanied the basalt magma uplift provides migration channel for the deep Mg~(2+) which causes the dolomitization of limestone,and controls the oil and gas systems of Permian in Sichuan Basin.
The eruption event of Permian Emeishan basalt,the temporal and spatial distribution of basalt in the Sichuan Basin and its geological significance of oil and gas are studied and analyzed.It shows that the Emeishan basalts develop as many as 10 to 11erupting cycles in vertical direction and distribute in the west,east and northeast Sichuan Basin.After the formation of basalt,the subsequent reformation of basalt leads to the development of effective reservoir space and formation of oil and gas reservoir.The column uplift of basalt magma provides favorable condition for the formation of late stage reef and beach as well as for the development of karst reservoir in the late Permian Maokou Formation.The extension system accompanied the basalt magma uplift provides migration channel for the deep Mg~(2+) which causes the dolomitization of limestone,and controls the oil and gas systems of Permian in Sichuan Basin.
引文
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[20]刘成英,朱日祥.试论峨眉山玄武岩的地球动力学含义[J].地学前缘,2009,16(2):52-69.Liu C Y,Zhu R X.Discussion on geodynamic significance of the Emeishan basalts[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2009,16(2):52-69.(in Chinese)
[21]高振敏,张乾,陶琰,等.峨眉山地幔柱成矿作用分析[J].矿物学报,2004,24(2):99-104.Gao Z M,Zhang Q,Tao Y,et al.An analysis of the mineralization connected with Emeishan mantle plume[J].Acta Mineralogical Sinica,2004,24(2):99-104.(in Chinese)
[22]Dam G,Larsen M,Sonderholm M.Sedimentary response to mantle plumes:Implications from Paleocene onshore successions[J].West and East Greenland Geology,1998,26:207-210.
[23]Williams G E,Gostin V A.Mantle plume uplift in the sedimentary record:Origin of kilometer-deep canyons within late Neoproterozoic successions,South Australia[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2000,157:759-768.
[24]沈军辉,王兰生,李天斌,等.川西南玄武岩的岩体结构特征[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(6):680-685.Shen J H,Wang L S,Li T B,et al.Rock mass structural features of basalt in southwest Sichuan[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,2002,29(6):680-685.(in Chinese)
[25]冯仁蔚,王兴志,张帆,等.四川西南部周公山及邻区“峨眉山玄武岩”特征及储集性能研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(6):913-924.Feng R W,Wang X Z,Zhang F,et al.The study on reservoir property and characteristics of the Emeishan basalts of Zhougongshan and its neighbor area in the southwest Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(6):913-924.(in Chinese)
[26]何斌,徐义刚,王雅玫,等.用沉积记录来估计峨眉山玄武岩喷发前的地壳抬升幅度[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005,29(3):316-320.He B,Xu Y G,Wang Y M,et al.The magnitude of crustal uplift to the eruption of the Emeishan basalt:Inferred from sedimentary records[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2005,29(3):316-320.(in Chinese)
[27]马永生,牟传龙,郭旭升,等.四川盆地东北部长兴期沉积特征与沉积格局[J].地质论评,2006,52(1):25-29.Ma Y S,Mu C L,Guo X S,et al.Characteristic and framework of the Changxingian sedimentation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Geological Review,2006,52(1):25-29.(in Chinese)
[28]王一刚,洪海涛,夏茂龙,等.四川盆地二叠、三叠系环海槽礁、滩富气带勘探[J].天然气工业,2008,28(1):22-27.Wang Y G,Hong H T,Xia M L.Exploration of reef-bank gas reservoirs surrounding Permian and Triassic troughs in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(1):22-27.(in Chinese)
[29]金振奎,冯增昭.滇东-川西下二叠统白云岩的形成机理---玄武岩淋滤白云化[J].沉积学报,1999,17(3):383-389.Jin Z K,Feng Z Z.Origin of dolostones of the Lower Permian in East Yunnan-West Sichuan:Dolomitization through leaching of basalts[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1999,17(3):383-389.(in Chinese)
[30]陈宗清.四川盆地中二叠统茅口组天然气勘探[J].中国石油勘探,2007(5):1-11.Chen Z Q.Exploration for natural gas in Middle Permian Maokou Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2007(5):1-11.(in Chinese)
[31]王运生,金以钟.四川盆地下二叠统白云岩及古岩溶的形成与峨眉地裂运动的关系[J].成都理工学院学报,1997,24(1):8-16.Wang Y S,Jin Y Z.The formation of dolomite and paleokarst of the Lower Permian series in Sichuan Basin and the relation to the Emei taphrogenesis[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,1997,24(1):8-16.(in Chinese)
[32]何鲤,罗潇,刘莉萍,等.试论四川盆地晚二叠世沉积环境与礁滩分布[J].天然气工业,2008,28(1):28-32.He L,Luo X,Liu L P,et al.A discussion on depositional environment in late Permian and distribution of reef-bank in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(1):28-32.(in Chinese)
[2]Mathoney J J,Coffin M.Large Igneous Provinces:Continental,Oceanic,and Planetary Flood Volcanism[M].AGU Geophysical Monography,1997:475.
[3]Xu Y G,Chung S L,Jahn B M,et al.Petrological and geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of the Emeishan Permian-Triassic Emeishan flood basalts in southwestern China[J].Lithos,2001,58:145-168.
[4]张招崇.关于峨眉山大火成岩省一些重要问题的讨论[J].中国地质,2009,36(3):634-646.Zhang Z C.A discussion on some important problems concerning the Emeishan large igneous province[J].Geology in China,2009,36(3):634-646.(in Chinese)
[5]罗志立.中国西南地区晚古生代以来地裂运动对石油等矿产形成的影响[J].四川地质学报,1981,2(1):1-22.Luo Z L.Taphrogenic movement influence on the formation of oil and other minerals in southwest China since the late Paleozoic[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,1981,2(1):1-22.(in Chinese)
[6]熊舜华,李建林.峨眉山区晚二叠世大陆裂谷边缘玄武岩特征[J].成都地质学院学报,1984,11(3):43-59.Xiong S H,Li J L.The characteristics of the late Permian basalts in the margin of continental rift in Emeishan area[J].Journal of Chengdu College of Geology,1984,11(3):43-59.(in Chinese)
[7]罗志立,金以钟,朱夔玉,等.试论扬子地台的峨眉地裂运动[J].地质论评,1988,34(1):11-24.Luo Z L,Jin Y Z,Zhu K Y,et al.On Emei taphrogenesis of the Upper Yangtze Platform[J].Geological Review,1988,34(1):11-24.(in Chinese)
[8]丛柏林.攀西裂谷的形成与演化[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.Cong B L.The Formation and Evolution of the Panxi Rift[M].Beijing:Science Press,1988.(in Chinese)
[9]Anderson D L.Look again[J].Astron Geophys,2003,44:1.10-1.11.
[10]宋谢炎,王玉兰,曹志敏,等.峨眉山玄武岩、峨眉地裂运动与慢热柱[J].地质地球化学,1998,26(1):47-52.Song X Y,Wang Y L,Cao Z M,et al.Emeishan basalts,Emei tafrogeny and mantle plume[J].Geology-Geochemistry,1998,26(1):47-52.(in Chinese)
[11]徐义刚,钟孙霖.峨眉山大火成岩省:地幔柱活动的证据及其熔融条件[J].地球化学,2001,30(1):1-9.Xu Y G,Zhong S L.The Emeishan large igneous province:Evidence for mantle plume activity and melting conditions[J].Geochimica,2001,30(1):1-9.(in Chinese)
[12]徐义刚.地幔柱构造、大火成岩省及其地质效应[J].地学前缘,2002,9(4):341-353.Xu Y G.Mantle plumes,large igneous province and their geologic consequence[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2002,9(4):341-353.(in Chinese)
[13]何斌,徐义刚,肖龙,等.峨眉山大火成岩省的形成机制及空间展布:来自沉积地层学的新证据[J].地质学报,2003,77(2):194-202.He B,Xu Y G,Xiao L,et al.Generation and spatial distribution of the Emeishan large igneous province:New evidence from stratigraphic records[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2003,77(2):194-202.(in Chinese)
[14]何斌,徐义刚,肖龙,等.峨眉山地幔柱上升的沉积响应及其地质意义[J].地质论评,2006,52(1):30-37.He B,Xu Y G,Xiao L,et al.Sedimentary responses to uplift of Emeishan mantle plume and its implications[J].Geological Review,2006,52(1):30-37.(in Chinese)
[15]徐义刚,何斌,黄小龙,等.地幔柱大辩论及如何验证地幔柱假说[J].地学前缘,2007,14(2):1-9.Xu Y G,He B,Huang X L,et al.The debate over mantle plumes and how to test the plume hypothesis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(2):1-9.(in Chinese)
[16]侯增谦,卢记仁,李红阳,等.中国西南特提斯构造演化---幔柱构造控制[J].地球学报,1996,17(4):439-453.Hou Z Q,Lu J R,Li H Y,et al.Tectonic evolution of the Tethys in southwestern China:Is controlled by plume tectonics[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,1996,17(4):439-453.(in Chinese)
[17]张招崇,王福生,范蔚茗,等.峨眉山玄武岩研究中的一些问题的讨论[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2001,20(3):239-246.Zhan Z C,Wang F S,Fan W M,et al.A discussion on some problems concerning the study of the Emeishan easalts[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2001,20(3):239-246.(in Chinese)
[18]肖龙,徐义刚,何斌.试论地幔柱构造与川滇西部古特提斯的演化[J].地质科技情报,2005,24(4):1-6.Xiao L,Xu Y G,He B.Mantle plume tectonics and Tethyan evolution:A preliminary interpretation in Sichuan and western Yunnan provinces[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2005,24(4):1-6.(in Chinese)
[19]邵辉,徐义刚,何斌,等.峨眉山大火成岩省晚期酸性火山岩的岩石地球化学特征[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2007,26(4):350-358.Shao H,Xu Y G,He B,et al.Petrology and geochemistry of the late-stage acidic volcanic rocks of the Emeishan large igneous province[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2007,26(4):350-358.(in Chinese)
[20]刘成英,朱日祥.试论峨眉山玄武岩的地球动力学含义[J].地学前缘,2009,16(2):52-69.Liu C Y,Zhu R X.Discussion on geodynamic significance of the Emeishan basalts[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2009,16(2):52-69.(in Chinese)
[21]高振敏,张乾,陶琰,等.峨眉山地幔柱成矿作用分析[J].矿物学报,2004,24(2):99-104.Gao Z M,Zhang Q,Tao Y,et al.An analysis of the mineralization connected with Emeishan mantle plume[J].Acta Mineralogical Sinica,2004,24(2):99-104.(in Chinese)
[22]Dam G,Larsen M,Sonderholm M.Sedimentary response to mantle plumes:Implications from Paleocene onshore successions[J].West and East Greenland Geology,1998,26:207-210.
[23]Williams G E,Gostin V A.Mantle plume uplift in the sedimentary record:Origin of kilometer-deep canyons within late Neoproterozoic successions,South Australia[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2000,157:759-768.
[24]沈军辉,王兰生,李天斌,等.川西南玄武岩的岩体结构特征[J].成都理工学院学报,2002,29(6):680-685.Shen J H,Wang L S,Li T B,et al.Rock mass structural features of basalt in southwest Sichuan[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,2002,29(6):680-685.(in Chinese)
[25]冯仁蔚,王兴志,张帆,等.四川西南部周公山及邻区“峨眉山玄武岩”特征及储集性能研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(6):913-924.Feng R W,Wang X Z,Zhang F,et al.The study on reservoir property and characteristics of the Emeishan basalts of Zhougongshan and its neighbor area in the southwest Sichuan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(6):913-924.(in Chinese)
[26]何斌,徐义刚,王雅玫,等.用沉积记录来估计峨眉山玄武岩喷发前的地壳抬升幅度[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005,29(3):316-320.He B,Xu Y G,Wang Y M,et al.The magnitude of crustal uplift to the eruption of the Emeishan basalt:Inferred from sedimentary records[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2005,29(3):316-320.(in Chinese)
[27]马永生,牟传龙,郭旭升,等.四川盆地东北部长兴期沉积特征与沉积格局[J].地质论评,2006,52(1):25-29.Ma Y S,Mu C L,Guo X S,et al.Characteristic and framework of the Changxingian sedimentation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Geological Review,2006,52(1):25-29.(in Chinese)
[28]王一刚,洪海涛,夏茂龙,等.四川盆地二叠、三叠系环海槽礁、滩富气带勘探[J].天然气工业,2008,28(1):22-27.Wang Y G,Hong H T,Xia M L.Exploration of reef-bank gas reservoirs surrounding Permian and Triassic troughs in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(1):22-27.(in Chinese)
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