国学复兴的一个前提、两个维度——以章太炎、胡适、十教授为中心
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摘要
20世纪初,章太炎领导的保存国粹运动开启了国学的近代化进程,这场运动凸显了文化自觉自信意识的重要性。随后,以胡适为核心的整理国故运动的兴起凸显出国学发展的"科学之维"。1935年,王新命、何炳松等十教授提出坚持中国本位的文化建设的主张突出强调了国学发展的"现实之维"。章、胡二先生从启蒙的视角为国学发展画出了一个思想的维度,"科玄论战"之后,这一"思想之维"更加明确为"科学之维",十教授的文化宣言则迎合"救亡压倒启蒙"的时代主题,为国学发展画出了一个现实的维度,当下国学发展同样应当坚持"科学之维"和"现实之维",继而实现真正意义的复兴。
At the beginning of the 20 th century,the movement of preserving quintessence lead by Chang Tai-yen started the modernization process of sinology,which highlighted the importance of cultural self-consciousness and self-confidence. Subsequently,the rise of the movement of sorting out the national heritage lead by Hu Shih gave a"dimension of science"for Sinology development. In 1935,ten professors that include Wang Xinming,He Bing-song demanded culture construction should be Chinese-oriented,which gave a"dimension of reality"for Sinology development. From the perspective of enlightenment,Mr. Zhang and Mr. Hu Er drew a dimension of thought for the development of Sinology. After the debate between science and metaphysics,the dimension of thought became more clearly defined as the dimension of science. Ten professors' cultural declaration conformed to the theme of"Salvation overwhelming enlightenment"at that time and drew a realistic dimension. At present,the development of Sinology should also adhere to the dimension of science and that of reality,so as to achieve a real sense of renaissance.
At the beginning of the 20 th century,the movement of preserving quintessence lead by Chang Tai-yen started the modernization process of sinology,which highlighted the importance of cultural self-consciousness and self-confidence. Subsequently,the rise of the movement of sorting out the national heritage lead by Hu Shih gave a"dimension of science"for Sinology development. In 1935,ten professors that include Wang Xinming,He Bing-song demanded culture construction should be Chinese-oriented,which gave a"dimension of reality"for Sinology development. From the perspective of enlightenment,Mr. Zhang and Mr. Hu Er drew a dimension of thought for the development of Sinology. After the debate between science and metaphysics,the dimension of thought became more clearly defined as the dimension of science. Ten professors' cultural declaration conformed to the theme of"Salvation overwhelming enlightenment"at that time and drew a realistic dimension. At present,the development of Sinology should also adhere to the dimension of science and that of reality,so as to achieve a real sense of renaissance.
引文
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[43]胡适.惨痛的回忆与反省[N].独立评论,1932-09-18.
[44]胡适.我是完全赞成陈序经先生的全盘西化论[N].独立评论,1935-03-17.
[45]欧阳哲生.容忍比自由更重要(下)[M].北京:时事出版社,1999.
[46]王新命,等.中国本位的文化建设宣言[N].文化建设,1935,(4).
[47]胡适.试评所谓“中国本位的文化建设”[N].大公报·星期论文,1935-03-31.
[48]王新命,等.我们的总答复[N].文化建设,1935,(8).
[49]胡适.中国文艺复兴[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2001.
[50]约瑟夫·奈.软实力[M].北京:中信出版社,2013.
[2]章太炎.谢本师[N].民报,1906,(9).
[3]章念驰.我所知道的祖父章太炎[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2016.
[4]章太炎.章太炎自编年谱[M].上海:上海书店出版社,1986.
[5]汤志均.章太炎年谱长编[M].北京:中华书局,1979.
[6]文明国.章太炎自述[M].北京:人民日报出版社,2012.
[7]穷荒孤客(章太炎).赠袖海先生并简阳洲、立庵二君[N].亚东时报,1899,(10).
[8]本山幸彦.三宅雪岭集[M].东京:筑摩书房,1976.
[9]松本三之介.明治思想集[M].东京:筑摩书房,1976.
[10]章念驰.章太炎演讲集[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2011.
[11]章太炎.章太炎全集(第4卷)[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1984.
[12]章太炎.章太炎全集(第5卷)[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1985年.
[13]刘琅.精读章太炎[M].厦门:鹭江出版社,2007.
[14]姜义华.章炳麟评传[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2002.
[15]陈独秀.敬告青年[N].青年杂志,1915-09-15.
[16]张君劢,等.科学与人生观[M].合肥:黄山书社,2008.
[17]唐德刚.胡适杂忆[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2015.
[18]胡适.《中国今后之文字问题》的附识[N].新青年,1918-04-15.
[19]欧阳哲生.胡适文集(第6卷)[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1998.
[20]胡适.寄陈独秀[N].新青年,1917-05-01.
[21]胡适.胡适日记(第2卷)[M].合肥:安徽教育出版社,2001.
[22]胡适.少年中国之精神[N].少年中国,1919,(1).
[23]胡适.《国学季刊》发刊宣言[M].努力周报,1923-01-21.
[24]杜春和,等.胡适论学往来书信选(下册)[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,1998.
[25]唐德刚.胡适口述自传[M].北京:华文出版社,1989.
[26]欧阳哲生.容忍比自由更重要(上)[M].北京:时事出版社,1999.
[27]胡适.《国学季刊》发刊宣言[N].努力周报,1923-01-21.
[28]胡适.我们对于西洋近代文明的态度[N].现代评论,1926-07-10.
[29]胡适.我们对于学生的希望[N].晨报副刊,1920-05-04.
[30]胡适.信心与反省[N].独立评论,1934-06-03.
[31]胡适.提高与普及[N].北京大学日刊,1920-09-18.
[32]胡适.新思潮的意义[N].新青年,1919-12-01.
[33]鲁迅.未有天才之前[N].校友会刊,1924,(1).
[34]鲁迅.青年必读书———应《京报副刊》的征求[N].京报副刊,1925-02-21.
[35]成仿吾.国学运动的我见[N].创造周报,1925年,(28).
[36]郭沫若.郭沫若全集(第一卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1982.
[37]陈西滢.西滢跋语[N].现代评论,1926-12-18.
[38]胡适.治学的方法与材料[N].新月,1928-11-10.
[39]胡适.请大家来照照镜子[N].生活周刊,1928-09-30.
[40]胡适.名教[N].新月,1928-07-10.
[41]王维骃.近代名人言论集[M].中外学术研究社,1932.
[42]胡适.写在孔子诞辰纪念之后[N].独立评论,1934-09-09.
[43]胡适.惨痛的回忆与反省[N].独立评论,1932-09-18.
[44]胡适.我是完全赞成陈序经先生的全盘西化论[N].独立评论,1935-03-17.
[45]欧阳哲生.容忍比自由更重要(下)[M].北京:时事出版社,1999.
[46]王新命,等.中国本位的文化建设宣言[N].文化建设,1935,(4).
[47]胡适.试评所谓“中国本位的文化建设”[N].大公报·星期论文,1935-03-31.
[48]王新命,等.我们的总答复[N].文化建设,1935,(8).
[49]胡适.中国文艺复兴[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2001.
[50]约瑟夫·奈.软实力[M].北京:中信出版社,2013.