国际体育组织善治改革研究简评
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摘要
在过去的20年时间里,关于治理的研究文献层出不穷,国际体育组织积极引入善治理论与实践。国际体育组织自治权与善治改革存在天然的价值冲突,自治权让国际体育组织免受外界的不当干预,也让组织内部处于封闭、保守和腐败的状况,善治改革成为国际体育组织保持健康可持续发展的最佳途径,从而造成了自治权与善治改革之间的价值选择冲突。研究结论认为,国际体育组织善治改革具有划时代的重要意义,在与自治权产生价值冲突的情况下,应该坚持善治改革的基本方向,这是国际体育组织改革的大趋势。
Over the two decades, the research papers have been abounded in the perspective of governance, and accordingly the international sports organizations positively have introduced the wise governance theory and carry out the governance. There is always a conflict of values between the autonomy and wise governance and reform of international sports organizations. As the organizations govern themselves by the right of autonomy, they are protected from the external improper intervention. Yet this inevitably leads to the closed, conservative and corrupt operation of the organizations. Whereas conducting wise governance and reform is the best way to resolve these problems and preserve the healthy and sustainable development of international sports organizations, the conflict occurs in choosing either autonomy or wise governance and reform. With reference of the research conclusions, it is significantly epoch-marking to govern and reform the organizations wisely. As the organizations seek to be geared into the mainstream operation, they, considering the value conflicts between autonomy and wise governance, shall constantly abide by the wise governance and reform principle.
Over the two decades, the research papers have been abounded in the perspective of governance, and accordingly the international sports organizations positively have introduced the wise governance theory and carry out the governance. There is always a conflict of values between the autonomy and wise governance and reform of international sports organizations. As the organizations govern themselves by the right of autonomy, they are protected from the external improper intervention. Yet this inevitably leads to the closed, conservative and corrupt operation of the organizations. Whereas conducting wise governance and reform is the best way to resolve these problems and preserve the healthy and sustainable development of international sports organizations, the conflict occurs in choosing either autonomy or wise governance and reform. With reference of the research conclusions, it is significantly epoch-marking to govern and reform the organizations wisely. As the organizations seek to be geared into the mainstream operation, they, considering the value conflicts between autonomy and wise governance, shall constantly abide by the wise governance and reform principle.
引文
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[16]黄璐.国际足联改革路线图研究:批判性反思[J].成都体育学院学报,2016,42(4):7~14.
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[21]Australian Sports Commission.Sports Governance Principles EB/OL.2012~03~30.http://www.ausport.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/644303/CORP_33978_Sports_Governance_Principles.pdf.
[2]Kooiman,J.ed.Modern governance:new government-society interactions[M]London:Sage,1993.
[3]Mark Bevir.Encyclopedia of Governance[M].London:SAGE Publications,2007.
[4]ESCAP.What is Good Governance?[EB/OL].[2009~07~10].http://www.unescap.org/resources/what-good-governance.
[5]王向民,等.公共事件:缘起与治理[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2014.
[6]FIFA.2016 FIFA Reform Committee Report Presented to the Executive Committee[EB/OL].[2015-12-03].http://www.fifa.com/governance/news/y=2015/m=12/news=2016-fifa-reform-committee-re port-presented-to-the-executive-committee-2741751.html.
[7]Play the Game/Danish Institute for Sports Studies.Action for Good Governance in International Sports Organisations[R/OL].[2013-04-30].http://www.playthegame.org/fileadmin/documents/good_governance_r eports/aggis_final_report.pdf.
[8]王邵励.从“体育管理”到“体育治理”:改制背景与内涵新创[J].成都体育学院学报,2015,41(5):7~11.
[9]黄璐.国家体育治理现代化的时代背景和广泛涵义[J].体育成人教育学刊,2015,31(1):14~17.
[10]黄璐.国际体育组织自治问题审视——以奥林匹克善治改革为背景[J].天津体育学院学报,2016,31(1):6~11.
[11]Roger Pielke Jr.How Can FIFA be Held Accountable?[J].Sport Management Review,2013,16(3):255-267.
[12]Arnout Geeraert,Jens Alm,Michael Groll.Good Governance in International Sport Organizations:an Analysis of the 35 Olympic Sport Governing Bodies[J].International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics,2014,6(3):281~306.
[13]黄璐.国际足联危机性案件的延伸论证[J].体育科研,2016,37(2):16~23.
[14]Hoy,M.Volleygate:a showcase of greed and mismanagement.[J]Play the game magazine,2005(3),14~15.
[15]Independent Governance Committee.FIFA Governance Reform Project-First Report by the Independent Governance Committee to the Executive Committee of FIFA[EB/OL].[2012-03-20].http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/footballgovernance/01/60/85/44/fi rst_report_by_igc_to_fifa_exco%5b2%5d.pdf.
[16]黄璐.国际足联改革路线图研究:批判性反思[J].成都体育学院学报,2016,42(4):7~14.
[17]吴新宇.日本职业体育市场的公私治理研究[J].体育成人教育学刊,2015,31(1):18~21.
[18]Alan Tomlinson.The Supreme Leader Sails on:Leadership,Ethics and Governance in FIFA[J].Sport in Society,2014,17(9):1 155~1 169.
[19]任海.国际奥委会演进的历史逻辑——从自治到善治[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2013.
[20]黄璐.博斯曼法案的国际政治经济本质[J].天津体育学院学报,2010,25(5):392~395.
[21]Australian Sports Commission.Sports Governance Principles EB/OL.2012~03~30.http://www.ausport.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/644303/CORP_33978_Sports_Governance_Principles.pdf.