程序正义与权利保障:国际体育组织处罚权行使的原则及实现机制
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摘要
分析国际体育组织行使处罚权应坚持的基本原则及实现机制,认为:处罚权产生的基础是国际体育组织和处罚相对人之间事先存在的管理与被管理的法律关系,从法律属性上看是一种惩戒罚权。程序正义和对处罚相对人的权利保障是国际体育组织行使处罚权应秉承的2个相互联系的核心理念。国际体育组织处罚的程序正义原则是其行使处罚权时应遵守的基本原则;对处罚相对人的权利保障是处罚权行使的目标和界限,是实现程序正义的核心机制,只有相对人的权利得到充分尊重和保障,才能真正实现程序正义。
The study analyzes the basic principles and implementation mechanism of punishment power by international sports organizations. It holds that the punishment power should be based on the pre-existing legal relationships of the management between international sports organizations and punishment counterparts. The punishment power of international sports organizations should be considered to be a disciplinary punishment. Two core inter-related concepts should be upheld when the international sports organizations implement the power.That is,the procedural justice and the right protection of the penalty counterpart. And,the right protection of the penalty counterpart is the target and limit of the punishment power implementation as well as the key mechanism to realize the procedural justice. Only when the rights of the counterpart are fully respected and guaranteed can the procedural justice be truly achieved.
The study analyzes the basic principles and implementation mechanism of punishment power by international sports organizations. It holds that the punishment power should be based on the pre-existing legal relationships of the management between international sports organizations and punishment counterparts. The punishment power of international sports organizations should be considered to be a disciplinary punishment. Two core inter-related concepts should be upheld when the international sports organizations implement the power.That is,the procedural justice and the right protection of the penalty counterpart. And,the right protection of the penalty counterpart is the target and limit of the punishment power implementation as well as the key mechanism to realize the procedural justice. Only when the rights of the counterpart are fully respected and guaranteed can the procedural justice be truly achieved.
引文
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[3]梅迪库斯.德国民法总论[M].邵建东,译.北京:法律出版社,2001:838
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[5]沈虹.国际体育组织处罚决定及裁决的法律效力探究[J].体育学刊,2011,18(3):59-63
[6]裴洋.国际体育组织规章的法律性质及其在中国的适用问题[J].体育学刊,2010,17(11):20-25
[7]陈瑞华.程序正义理论[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2010:17
[8]邓继好.程序正义理论在西方的历史演进[D].上海:华东政法大学,2010:5-14
[9]戈尔丁.法律哲学[M].北京:三联书店,1987:5-25
[10]达维德.当代主要法律体系[M].漆竹生,译.上海:上海译文出版社,1984:336-339
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[12]PARPWORTH N.Sports governing bodies and the principles of natural justice:An Australian perspective[J].Sports and Law Journal,1996,4(2):5-9
[13]孙笑侠.程序的法理[M].北京:商务印书馆,2010:89-93
[14]程龙.法哲学视野中的程序正义[M].北京:商务印书馆,2005,17-26
[15]周永坤.法理学:全球视野[M].3版.北京:法律出版社,2010:211-360
[16]WAWA.World anti-doping code[EB/OL].(2016-02-24).https://w ada-main-prod.s3.amazonaw s.com/resources/files/w ada-2015-w orld-anti-dopingcode.pdf
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[18]宋彬龄.中国运动员国际体育仲裁胜诉第一案述评——兴奋剂处罚的程序正义问题[J].天津体育学院学报,2011,26(2):109-113
[19]CASINI L.The making of a Lex Sportiva by the court of arbitration for sport[J].German Law Journal,2011,12(5):34-36
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[21]FIFA.FIFA statutes[EB/OL].(2017-04-15).http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/generic/02/78/29/07/fifastatutsw eben_neutral.pdf
[22]韩勇.体育纪律处罚研究[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2007:41-48
[23]张文闻,吴义华.法律多元视野下的国际体育组织基本法理问题[J].体育科学,2014,34(1):14-20