我国城市地下空间规划现状、问题与对策
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摘要
地下空间规划是城市地下空间开发利用有序开展的重要保障。随着我国轨道交通建设的全面展开以及相关政策的陆续出台,我国城市地下空间开发利用必将迎来更大的发展。城市地下空间规划也在近年越来越得到重视。从目前各城市的地下空间规划实践来看,我国城市地下空间规划的技术体系已基本成型,但其中仍然存在着各种各样的问题。在摸清我国城市地下空间规划编制现状和实施效果的基础上,掌握我国城市地下空间规划所面临的问题,并结合未来地下空间发展趋势提出我国城市地下空间规划解决问题的对策,有助于城市地下空间规划理论和方法进一步完善,更好地保障我国城市地下空间事业的可持续发展。
Underground space planning is required for sustainable and systematic development of urban underground space(UUS).With rapid development of urban rail transit system and the introduction of related policies,UUS utilization will certainly see a booming future,and UUS planning will become increasingly important.Across China,a basic technological framework for UUS planning is emerging but various issues still need to be resolved.Therefore,it is important to have a clear understanding of the current UUS planning status and recognize existing problems and solutions to ensure a sustainable urban development.
Underground space planning is required for sustainable and systematic development of urban underground space(UUS).With rapid development of urban rail transit system and the introduction of related policies,UUS utilization will certainly see a booming future,and UUS planning will become increasingly important.Across China,a basic technological framework for UUS planning is emerging but various issues still need to be resolved.Therefore,it is important to have a clear understanding of the current UUS planning status and recognize existing problems and solutions to ensure a sustainable urban development.
引文
[1]国家统计局.城镇化水平持续提高城市综合实力显著增强:党的十八大以来经济社会发展成就系列之二十五[EB/OL].[2017-07-28].http:∥www.stats.gov.cn/ztjc/ztfx/18fzcj/201802/t20180212_1583133.html.
[2]中国政府门户网站.国家新型城镇化规划(2014—2020年)[EB/OL].[2014-03-16].http:∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/2014-03/16/content_2640075.htm.
[3] BROERE W.Urban underground space:solving the problems of today's cities[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:245-248.
[4]同济大学地下空间研究中心.青岛市市南区城市地下空间综合利用规划[R].青岛:青岛市城市规划设计研究院,2018.
[5]同济大学地下空间研究中心,青岛市城市规划设计研究院,山东科技大学土木建筑学院.青岛中德生态园地下空间控制性详细规划[R].青岛:青岛市城市规划设计研究院,2014.
[6]同济大学地下空间研究中心.铜仁市锦江广场地下空间修建性详细规划[R].铜仁:铜仁市城乡规划勘察设计研究院,2016.
[7] QIAO Y K,PENG F L.Master planning for underground space in Luoyang:a case of a representative historic city in China[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,165:119-125.
[8]乔永康,张明洋,刘洋,等.古都型历史文化名城地下空间总体规划策略研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017,13(4):859-867.
[9]同济大学地下空间研究中心,青岛市城市规划设计研究院,青岛市人防建筑设计研究院,总参工程兵第三研究所.青岛城市地下空间资源综合利用总体规划[R].青岛:青岛市城市规划设计研究院,2013.
[10]同济大学地下空间研究中心,洛阳市规划建筑设计研究院有限公司,中国人民解放军原总参谋部工程兵科研三所.洛阳市地下空间利用总体规划[R].洛阳:洛阳市规划建筑设计研究院有限公司,2015.
[11] PENG J,PENG F L.A GIS-based evaluation method of underground space resources for urban spatial planning:part 1methodology[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,74:82-95.
[12] PENG J,PENG F L.A GIS-based evaluation method of underground space resources for urban spatial planning:part 2application[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,77:142-165.
[13] QIAO Y K,PENG F L,WANG Y.Monetary valuation of urban underground space:a critical issue for the decisionmaking of urban underground space development[J].Land Use Policy,2017,69:12-24.
[14]束昱,柳昆,张美靓.我国城市地下空间规划的理论研究与编制实践[J].规划师,2007,23(10):5-8.
[15]束昱,彭芳乐,王璇,等.中国城市地下空间规划的研究与实践[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006,2(7):1125-1129.
[16]王曦,刘松玉,章定文.基于功能耦合理论的城市地下空间规划体系[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014(3):231-239.
[17] ZHAO J W,PENG F L,WANG T Q,et al.Advances in master planning of urban underground space(UUS)in China[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:290-307.
[18]陈志龙,刘宏.城市地下空间规划控制与引导[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2015.
[19]彭芳乐,赵景伟,柳昆,等.基于控规层面下的CBD地下空间开发控制探讨:以上海虹桥商务核心区一期为例[J].城市规划学刊,2013(1):78-84.
[20] BIEGER J.City planning and the urban underground[J].Underground Space,1978,3(3):99-115.
[21] TENGBORG P,STURK R.Development of the use of underground space in Sweden[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:339-341.
[22] VITT J E,KJELSHUS B.Developing Kansas City's underground space[J].Underground Space,1980,4(5):289-292.
[23] KJELSHUS B.Encouraging underground space development:modifications to Kansas City's building code and zoning ordinance[J].Underground Space,1984,8(5/6):320-330.
[24] ULLRICH C R,HAGERTY D J,CORRADIND J C.Developing underground space in Louisville,Kentucky[J].Underground Space,1984,8(3):196-205.
[25] NELSON S.Legal and economic feasibility of mined underground space in Minneapolis,Minnesota[J].Underground Space,1985,9(2/3):143-147.
[26] ROCKENSTEIN W H.The city of Minneapolis'Authority to develop mined underground space:a case study of the development of legislative policy in Minnesota[J].Underground Space,1985,9(2/3):148-152.
[27] RONKA K,RITOLA J,RAUHALA K.Underground space in land-use planning[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1998,13(1):39-49.
[28] VAHAAHO I.0-land use:underground resources and master plan in Helsinki[C]∥ZHOU C.Advances in underground space development.Singapore:Research Publishing,2013:29-42.
[29] VAHAAHO I.An introduction to the development for urban underground space in Helsinki[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:324-328.
[30]顾新,于文悫.城市地下空间利用规划编制与管理[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2014:100-112.
[31] ZHOU Y,ZHAO J.Assessment and planning of underground space use in Singapore[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:249-256.
[32]国务院.国务院关于调整城市规模划分标准的通知[EB/OL].[2014-11-20].http:∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2014-11/20/content_9225.htm.
[33] WALLACE M I,NG K C.Development and application of underground space use in Hong Kong[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:257-279.
[34]同济大学地下空间研究中心.虹桥商务区核心区一、二期地下空间规划[R].上海:上海虹桥商务区管委会,2011.
[35]顾长浩,张旗,赵卫忠,等.上海市城市地下空间开发利用管理立法研究[J].政府法制研究,2001,1:1-30.
[36] QIAO Y K,PENG F L.Lessons learnt from urban underground space use in Shanghai:from Lujiazui Business District to Hongqiao Central Business District[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:308-319.
[37] PARRIAUX A,BLUNIER P,MAIRE P,et al.The Deep City Project:aglobal concept for a sustainable urban underground management[C]∥Underground space:expanding the frontiers.Proceedings of 11th ACUUS Conference.Athens:National Technical University of Athens,2007:255-260.
[38] QIAO Y K,PENG F L,SABRI S,et al.Low carbon effects of urban underground space[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2019,45:451-459.
[39]刘春彦,宋希超.地下空间使用权性质及立法思考[J].同济大学学报(社会科学版),2007,18(3):111-119.
[40]同济大学地下空间研究中心.沈阳市地下空间开发利用总体规划[R].沈阳:沈阳市规划设计研究院,2011.
[41] QIAO Y K,PENG F L,WANG Y.Valuing external benefits of underground rail transit in monetary terms:apractical method applied to Changzhou City[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2019,83:91-98.
[2]中国政府门户网站.国家新型城镇化规划(2014—2020年)[EB/OL].[2014-03-16].http:∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/2014-03/16/content_2640075.htm.
[3] BROERE W.Urban underground space:solving the problems of today's cities[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:245-248.
[4]同济大学地下空间研究中心.青岛市市南区城市地下空间综合利用规划[R].青岛:青岛市城市规划设计研究院,2018.
[5]同济大学地下空间研究中心,青岛市城市规划设计研究院,山东科技大学土木建筑学院.青岛中德生态园地下空间控制性详细规划[R].青岛:青岛市城市规划设计研究院,2014.
[6]同济大学地下空间研究中心.铜仁市锦江广场地下空间修建性详细规划[R].铜仁:铜仁市城乡规划勘察设计研究院,2016.
[7] QIAO Y K,PENG F L.Master planning for underground space in Luoyang:a case of a representative historic city in China[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,165:119-125.
[8]乔永康,张明洋,刘洋,等.古都型历史文化名城地下空间总体规划策略研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017,13(4):859-867.
[9]同济大学地下空间研究中心,青岛市城市规划设计研究院,青岛市人防建筑设计研究院,总参工程兵第三研究所.青岛城市地下空间资源综合利用总体规划[R].青岛:青岛市城市规划设计研究院,2013.
[10]同济大学地下空间研究中心,洛阳市规划建筑设计研究院有限公司,中国人民解放军原总参谋部工程兵科研三所.洛阳市地下空间利用总体规划[R].洛阳:洛阳市规划建筑设计研究院有限公司,2015.
[11] PENG J,PENG F L.A GIS-based evaluation method of underground space resources for urban spatial planning:part 1methodology[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,74:82-95.
[12] PENG J,PENG F L.A GIS-based evaluation method of underground space resources for urban spatial planning:part 2application[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,77:142-165.
[13] QIAO Y K,PENG F L,WANG Y.Monetary valuation of urban underground space:a critical issue for the decisionmaking of urban underground space development[J].Land Use Policy,2017,69:12-24.
[14]束昱,柳昆,张美靓.我国城市地下空间规划的理论研究与编制实践[J].规划师,2007,23(10):5-8.
[15]束昱,彭芳乐,王璇,等.中国城市地下空间规划的研究与实践[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006,2(7):1125-1129.
[16]王曦,刘松玉,章定文.基于功能耦合理论的城市地下空间规划体系[J].解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014(3):231-239.
[17] ZHAO J W,PENG F L,WANG T Q,et al.Advances in master planning of urban underground space(UUS)in China[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:290-307.
[18]陈志龙,刘宏.城市地下空间规划控制与引导[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2015.
[19]彭芳乐,赵景伟,柳昆,等.基于控规层面下的CBD地下空间开发控制探讨:以上海虹桥商务核心区一期为例[J].城市规划学刊,2013(1):78-84.
[20] BIEGER J.City planning and the urban underground[J].Underground Space,1978,3(3):99-115.
[21] TENGBORG P,STURK R.Development of the use of underground space in Sweden[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:339-341.
[22] VITT J E,KJELSHUS B.Developing Kansas City's underground space[J].Underground Space,1980,4(5):289-292.
[23] KJELSHUS B.Encouraging underground space development:modifications to Kansas City's building code and zoning ordinance[J].Underground Space,1984,8(5/6):320-330.
[24] ULLRICH C R,HAGERTY D J,CORRADIND J C.Developing underground space in Louisville,Kentucky[J].Underground Space,1984,8(3):196-205.
[25] NELSON S.Legal and economic feasibility of mined underground space in Minneapolis,Minnesota[J].Underground Space,1985,9(2/3):143-147.
[26] ROCKENSTEIN W H.The city of Minneapolis'Authority to develop mined underground space:a case study of the development of legislative policy in Minnesota[J].Underground Space,1985,9(2/3):148-152.
[27] RONKA K,RITOLA J,RAUHALA K.Underground space in land-use planning[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1998,13(1):39-49.
[28] VAHAAHO I.0-land use:underground resources and master plan in Helsinki[C]∥ZHOU C.Advances in underground space development.Singapore:Research Publishing,2013:29-42.
[29] VAHAAHO I.An introduction to the development for urban underground space in Helsinki[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:324-328.
[30]顾新,于文悫.城市地下空间利用规划编制与管理[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2014:100-112.
[31] ZHOU Y,ZHAO J.Assessment and planning of underground space use in Singapore[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:249-256.
[32]国务院.国务院关于调整城市规模划分标准的通知[EB/OL].[2014-11-20].http:∥www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2014-11/20/content_9225.htm.
[33] WALLACE M I,NG K C.Development and application of underground space use in Hong Kong[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:257-279.
[34]同济大学地下空间研究中心.虹桥商务区核心区一、二期地下空间规划[R].上海:上海虹桥商务区管委会,2011.
[35]顾长浩,张旗,赵卫忠,等.上海市城市地下空间开发利用管理立法研究[J].政府法制研究,2001,1:1-30.
[36] QIAO Y K,PENG F L.Lessons learnt from urban underground space use in Shanghai:from Lujiazui Business District to Hongqiao Central Business District[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,55:308-319.
[37] PARRIAUX A,BLUNIER P,MAIRE P,et al.The Deep City Project:aglobal concept for a sustainable urban underground management[C]∥Underground space:expanding the frontiers.Proceedings of 11th ACUUS Conference.Athens:National Technical University of Athens,2007:255-260.
[38] QIAO Y K,PENG F L,SABRI S,et al.Low carbon effects of urban underground space[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2019,45:451-459.
[39]刘春彦,宋希超.地下空间使用权性质及立法思考[J].同济大学学报(社会科学版),2007,18(3):111-119.
[40]同济大学地下空间研究中心.沈阳市地下空间开发利用总体规划[R].沈阳:沈阳市规划设计研究院,2011.
[41] QIAO Y K,PENG F L,WANG Y.Valuing external benefits of underground rail transit in monetary terms:apractical method applied to Changzhou City[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2019,83:91-98.