线圈高频损耗解析算法改进及在无线电能传输磁系统设计的应用
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摘要
圆导体环形线圈在磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输系统中应用广泛,线圈高频损耗对磁耦合系统的分析设计和效率至关重要。针对目前解析计算方法在计算邻近效应损耗时的不足以及有限元仿真的局限性,本文以螺旋型线圈为例,深入分析了圆导体线圈的趋肤效应与邻近效应,提出了多匝圆导体线圈高频损耗的通用解析计算方法。该方法适用于任意形状(如螺旋型、涡状)的漆包线以及多股绞线线圈,比目前其他解析计算方法具有更高的精度和适用范围,且计算速度快。本文进一步将该方法应用于线圈Q值的优化,并通过实测验证了所提出的解析计算方法的计算高效性和模型准确性。
Circular coil made from cylindrical solid conductor has been wildly used in magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(WPT) system. As key components of system, high frequency losses of coupling coils affects the system efficiency more directly when the operation frequency increase.The existing analytical methods can't meet the requirement of precision. Moreover, numerical calculation method such as finite element method(FEM) can be used for calculating high frequency losses of multi-turn coil, however, it's time-consuming and high cost. After fully analyzed skin effect and proximity effect of helix coil, this paper presents a new analytic method for evaluating high frequency losses of multi-turn cylindrical solid coil. It is fix all cylindrical solid or Litz wire coil which is shaped as helix, spiral or multi-layer, and so on. Quality factor optimization by using the analytic method has been done and proved high precision and much better computation efficiency compared with existing methods. Finally, experiment for verification is done and the conclusions have been got.
Circular coil made from cylindrical solid conductor has been wildly used in magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(WPT) system. As key components of system, high frequency losses of coupling coils affects the system efficiency more directly when the operation frequency increase.The existing analytical methods can't meet the requirement of precision. Moreover, numerical calculation method such as finite element method(FEM) can be used for calculating high frequency losses of multi-turn coil, however, it's time-consuming and high cost. After fully analyzed skin effect and proximity effect of helix coil, this paper presents a new analytic method for evaluating high frequency losses of multi-turn cylindrical solid coil. It is fix all cylindrical solid or Litz wire coil which is shaped as helix, spiral or multi-layer, and so on. Quality factor optimization by using the analytic method has been done and proved high precision and much better computation efficiency compared with existing methods. Finally, experiment for verification is done and the conclusions have been got.
引文
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[17]Wei Zhang,Wong Siuchung,Tse C K,et al.Design for efficiency optimization and voltage controllability of series-series compensated inductive power transfer systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(1):191-200.
[18]Pantic Z,Heacock B,Lukic S.Magnetic link optimization for wireless power transfer applications:modeling and experimental validation for resonant tubular coils[C].IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,Raleigh,USA,2012:3825-3832.
[19]Pantic Z,Lukic S.Computationally-efficient,generalized expressions for the proximity-effect in multilayer,multi-turn tubular coils for wireless power transfer systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(11):5404-5416.
[20]Ferreira J A.Improved analytical modeling of conductive losses in magnetic components[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1994,9(1):127-131.
[21]Nan X,Sullivan C R.Simplified high-accuracy calculation of eddy-current loss in round-wire windings[C].2004 Power Electronics Specialists Conference IEEE35th Annual,Aachen,Germany.2004,2:873-879.
[22]Lammeraner J,Stafl M.Eddy currents[M].London,U.K:Hiffe Books,1966.
[23]Acero J,Alonso R,Barragan L A,et al.Magnetic vector potential based model for eddy-current loss calculation in round-wire planar windings[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2006,42(9):2152-2158.
[24]Lundin R.A handbook formula for the inductance of a single-layer circular coil[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1985,73(9):1428-1429.
[25]Bosshard R,Mühlethaler J,Kolar J W,et al.Optimized magnetic design for inductive power transfer coils[C].Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE,Long Beach,USA.2013:1812-1819.
[2]Chunbo Zhu,Kai Liu,Chunlai Yu,et al.Simulation and experimental analysis on wireless energy transfer based on magnetic resonances[C].IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference(VPPC’08),Harbin,China,2008:1-4.
[3]曹玲玲,陈乾宏,任小永,等.电动汽车高效率无线充电技术的研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(8):1-13.Cao Lingling,Chen Qianhong,Ren Xiaoyong,et al.Review of the efficient wireless power transmission technique for electric vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(8):1-13.
[4]周雯琪,马皓,何湘宁.感应耦合电能传输系统不同补偿拓扑的研究[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(1):133-139.Zhou Wenqi,Ma Hao,He Xiangning.Investigation on different compensation topologies in inductively coupled power transfer system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(1):133-139.
[5]Kim J,Kong S,Kim H,et al.Coil design and shielding methods for a magnetic resonant wireless power transfer system[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2013.101(6):1332-1342.
[6]马皓,周雯琪.电流型松散耦合电能传输系统的建模分析[J].电工技术学报,2005,20(10):66-71.Ma Hao,Zhou Wenqi.Modeling analysis of inductively coupled power transfer systems based on current source resonant converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2005,20(10):66-71.
[7]Zhang X,Zhao Y,Ho S L,et al.Analysis of wireless power transfer system based on 3-D finite-element method including displacement current[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2012,48(11):3692-3695.
[8]翟渊,孙跃,戴欣,等.磁共振模式无线电能传输系统建模与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(12):155-160.Zhai Yuan,Sun Yue,Dai Xin,et al.Modeling and analysis of magnetic resonance wireless power transmission systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(12):155-160.
[9]Breitkreutz B,Henke H.Calculation of self-resonant spiral coils for wireless power transfer systems with atransmission line approach[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(9):5035-5042.
[10]Shin D,Lee G,Park W.Simplified vector potential and circuit equivalent model for a normal-mode helical antenna[J].IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2013,12:1037-1040.
[11]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠,等.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technolog[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13.
[12]Ram Rakhyani A K,Mirabbasi S,Chiao M.Design and optimization of resonance-based efficient wireless power delivery systems for biomedical implants[J].IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems,2011,5(1):48-63.
[13]Xue R F,Cheng K W,Je M.High-efficiency wireless power transfer for biomedical implants by optimal resonant load transformation[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2013,60(4):867-874.
[14]Cannon B L,Hoburg J F,Stancil D D,et al.Magnetic resonant coupling as a potential means for wireless power transfer to multiple small receivers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(7):1819-1825.
[15]Yu Chunlai,Lu Rengui,Mao Yinhua,et al.Research on the model of magnetic-resonance based wireless energy transfer system[C].Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference,Dearborn,USA,2009:414-418.
[16]Ko Y Y,Ho S L,Fu W N,et al.A novel hybrid resonator for wireless power delivery in bio-implantable devices[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2012,48(11):4518-4521.
[17]Wei Zhang,Wong Siuchung,Tse C K,et al.Design for efficiency optimization and voltage controllability of series-series compensated inductive power transfer systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(1):191-200.
[18]Pantic Z,Heacock B,Lukic S.Magnetic link optimization for wireless power transfer applications:modeling and experimental validation for resonant tubular coils[C].IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,Raleigh,USA,2012:3825-3832.
[19]Pantic Z,Lukic S.Computationally-efficient,generalized expressions for the proximity-effect in multilayer,multi-turn tubular coils for wireless power transfer systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(11):5404-5416.
[20]Ferreira J A.Improved analytical modeling of conductive losses in magnetic components[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1994,9(1):127-131.
[21]Nan X,Sullivan C R.Simplified high-accuracy calculation of eddy-current loss in round-wire windings[C].2004 Power Electronics Specialists Conference IEEE35th Annual,Aachen,Germany.2004,2:873-879.
[22]Lammeraner J,Stafl M.Eddy currents[M].London,U.K:Hiffe Books,1966.
[23]Acero J,Alonso R,Barragan L A,et al.Magnetic vector potential based model for eddy-current loss calculation in round-wire planar windings[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2006,42(9):2152-2158.
[24]Lundin R.A handbook formula for the inductance of a single-layer circular coil[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1985,73(9):1428-1429.
[25]Bosshard R,Mühlethaler J,Kolar J W,et al.Optimized magnetic design for inductive power transfer coils[C].Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE,Long Beach,USA.2013:1812-1819.