利用地震方法识别简单斜坡断层位移褶皱及相关圈闭——以文安斜坡中南部为例
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摘要
简单斜坡是具有构造平缓和低断裂密度特征的弱构造带,断层位移褶皱作为简单斜坡内一种常见的断层相关褶皱类型,能够形成重要的油气圈闭构造.为了准确识别断层位移褶皱及其相关油气圈闭,以三维地震为基础,结合不同生长阶段断层位移变化来阐明不同类型断层位移褶皱形成机制,应用断层分段性和断层平面分段生长阶段定量表征方法来识别断层位移褶皱的类型及发育部位.同时,以文安斜坡中南部为研究靶区,探讨位于文安油田内史各庄和议论堡地区主要含油区附近断层形成的断层位移褶皱类型,阐明其相关圈闭构造与油气分布关系.研究结果表明,王仙庄断层和SGZ1断层都处于"硬连接"生长阶段,能够形成"硬连接"断层位移褶皱,SGZ2和SGZ3断层处于相互作用的"软连接"阶段,形成"软连接"断层位移褶皱.断层位移褶皱相关圈闭发育部位与文安油田油气分布关系表明断层位移褶皱相关圈闭构造是文安油田主要的含油气圈闭类型,富集了文安油田大部分的油气储量.
Simple slope is a weak structural belt which has characteristics of flat structure and low fault density, fault displacement fold is a common type of fault-related folds which can form important oil-gas traps. To identify fault displacement folds and its related traps accurately,the formation mechanism of different types of fault displacement folds have been illuminated on the basis of 3D seismic data and combining with displacement variation in the different growth stage,this study applied a method to identify the type and development position of fault-displacement fold by quantitative characterization of fault segmentation growth and fault segmentation growth stage discrimination criterion. Taking Wen‘an oil field as a study example,the type of fault-displacement folds in the area of Shigezhuang and Yilunpu of Wen'an oil field have been discussed and illustrated the relationship between its related traps and oil-gas distribution. The research shows,Both Wangxianzhuang fault and SGZ1 fault which are in the stage of "hard-linkage"can form"hard-linkage"fault displacement folds,SGZ2 fault and SGZ3 fault which are in the stage of "soft-linkage"interacting with each other can form"soft-linkage"fault displacement fold. The relation between fault displacement folds and oil-gas distribution in Wen'an oil field show that fault displacement fold related traps is the main type of petroliferous traps in Wen 'an oil field which accumulated almost all the oil and gas reserves.
Simple slope is a weak structural belt which has characteristics of flat structure and low fault density, fault displacement fold is a common type of fault-related folds which can form important oil-gas traps. To identify fault displacement folds and its related traps accurately,the formation mechanism of different types of fault displacement folds have been illuminated on the basis of 3D seismic data and combining with displacement variation in the different growth stage,this study applied a method to identify the type and development position of fault-displacement fold by quantitative characterization of fault segmentation growth and fault segmentation growth stage discrimination criterion. Taking Wen‘an oil field as a study example,the type of fault-displacement folds in the area of Shigezhuang and Yilunpu of Wen'an oil field have been discussed and illustrated the relationship between its related traps and oil-gas distribution. The research shows,Both Wangxianzhuang fault and SGZ1 fault which are in the stage of "hard-linkage"can form"hard-linkage"fault displacement folds,SGZ2 fault and SGZ3 fault which are in the stage of "soft-linkage"interacting with each other can form"soft-linkage"fault displacement fold. The relation between fault displacement folds and oil-gas distribution in Wen'an oil field show that fault displacement fold related traps is the main type of petroliferous traps in Wen 'an oil field which accumulated almost all the oil and gas reserves.
引文
Acocella V,Morvillo P,Funiciello R.2005.What controls relay ramp and transfer faults within rift zones?Insights from analogue model[J].Journal of Structural Geology,27(3):397-408.
Faulds J E,Varga R J.1998.The role of accommodation zones and transfer zones in the regional segmentation of extended terranes[A].//Faulds J E,Stewart J H.Accommodation Zones and Transfe Zones:The Regional Segmentation of the Basin and Range Province[M].Geological Society of American Special Paper,323:1-45.
Fu G,Sun T W,LüY F.2014.An evaluation method of oil-gas latera transporting ability of fault-sandstone configuration in Nanpu depression[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technolog(in Chinese),43(1):79-87.
Fu X F,Sun B,Wang H X,et al.2015.Fault segmentation growth quantitative characterization and its application on sag hydrocarbon accumulation research[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology(in Chinese),44(2):271-281.
Fu X F,Wang P Y,Shen J N,et al.2006.Migration and accumulation of oil and gas in a simple slope area:A case study on the western slope of the northern Songliao basin[J].Geological Review(in Chinese),52(4):522-531.
Gao C H,Zha M,Ge S Q,et al.2014.Main controlling factors and models of hydrocarbon accumulation in weak structural belts of oilrich sags,the Jizhong Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology(in Chinese),35(5):595-608.
Guo K,Zeng J H,Jin F M,et al.2015.Effective petroleum migration system in the Tertiary of Wen’an Slope,Jizhong Depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment(in Chinese),37(2):179-186.
Hamblin W K.1965.Origin of“Reverse Drag”on the downthrown side of normal faults[J].The Geological Society of America Bulletin,76(10):1145-1164.
He D F,Suppe J,Jia C Z.2005.New advances in theory and application of fault-related folding[J].Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),12(4):353-364.
Hu W S,He Y Y,Li Tao,et al.2010.The structural traps and oil-gas accumulations on Wen’an slope of Baxian sag[J].Marine Geology Letters(in Chinese),26(11):24-30.
Janecke S U,Vandenburg C J,Blankenau J J.1998.Geometry,mechanisms and significance of extensional folds from examples in the Rocky Mountain Basin and Range province,U.S.A[J].Journal of Structural Geology,20(7):841-856.
Kim Y S,Sanderson D J.2005.The relationship between displacement and length of faults:A review[J].Earth-Science Reviews,68(3-4):317-334.
Li H C,Liu Q S,Wang Y H,et al.2001.Oil-gas exploration on slope[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),36(5):602-610.
Morley C K,Nelson R A,Patton T L,et al.1990.Transfer zones in the east African rift system and their relevance to hydrocarbon exploration in rifts[J].AAPG Bulletin,74(8):1234-1253.
Peacock D C P,Sanderson D J.1991.Displacements,segment linkage and relay ramps in normal fault zones[J].Journal of Structural Geology,13(6):721-733.
Peacock D C P,Sanderson D J.1994.Geometry and development of relay ramps in normal fault systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,78(2):147-165.
Peacock D C P.2002.Propagation,interaction and linkage in normal fault systems[J].Earth-Science Reviews,58(1-2):121-142.
Rippon J H.1985.Contoured patterns of the throw and hade of normal faults in the Coal Measures(Westphalian)of north-east Derbyshire[J].Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society,45:147-161.
Schlische R W.1995.Geometry and origin of fault-related folds in extensional settings[J].AAPG Bulletin,79(11):1661-1678.
Soliva R,Benedicto A.2004.A linkage criterion for segmented normal faults[J].Journal of Structural Geology,26(12):2251-2267.
Soliva R,Benedicto A,Schultz R A,et al.2008.Displacement and interaction of normal fault segments branched at depth:Implications for fault growth and potential earthquake rupture size[J].Journal of Structural Geology,30(10):1288-1299.
Sun S M,Ji H C,Wang J W,et al.2016.Segmentation characteristics and evolution of Xinanzhuang fault in Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment(in Chinese),38(5):628-634.
Suppe J.1983.Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding[J].American Journal of Science,283(7):684-721.
Walsh J J,Watterson J.1991.Geometric and kinematic coherence and scale effects in normal fault systems[A].//Roberts A M,Yielding G,Freeman B.The Geometry of Normal Faults[M].London:Geological Society Special Publication,56:193-206.
Wang H X,Li M H,Shen Z S,et al.2014a.The establishment and geological significance of quantitative discrimination criterion of fault segmentation growth-an example from Saertu reservoir in Xingbei development area of Songliao basin[J].Geological Review(in Chinese),60(6):1259-1264.
Wang H X,LüY F,Fu X F,et al.2014b.Fault quality correction and its role in the oil and gas exploration and development[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology(in Chinese),43(3):482-490.
Wang X W.2008.Extensional folding and its significance for oil-gas exploration[J].Geoscience(in Chinese),22(1):60-69.
Zhang B W,Fu G,Zhang J H,et al.2017.Fracture development in oilmigrating fault transition zones and its control on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation:A case study of Es2oil formation of Yilunpu Structure of Wen’an slope of Jizhong depression[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition)(in Chinese),47(2):370-381.
Zhang J L,Meng Q A,Zhang C H,et al.2009.A quantitative study on the growth of boundary faults of the Xujiaweizi faulting depression in the Songliao Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),16(4):87-96.
Zhao X Z,Jin F M,Wang Q,et al.2016.The Secondary Exploration Engineering of Oil-Rich Sag in Graben Basin(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,213-275.
Zhou X H,Yu Y X,Wei G,et al.2008.Relationship between JZ25-1Stransfer zone and hydrocarbon accumulation in Liaodongwan offshore of Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(in Chinese),29(6):837-840.
付广,孙同文,吕延防.2014.南堡凹陷断-砂配置侧向输导油气能力评价方法[J].中国矿业大学学报,43(1):79-87.
付晓飞,孙兵,王海学,等.2015.断层分段生长定量表征及在油气成藏研究中的应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,44(2):271-281.
付晓飞,王朋岩,申家年,等.2006.简单斜坡油气富集规律-以松辽盆地西部斜坡北段为例[J].地质论评,52(4):522-531.
高长海,查明,葛盛权,等.2014.冀中富油凹陷弱构造带油气成藏主控因素及模式[J].石油与天然气地质,35(5):595-608.
郭凯,曾溅辉,金凤鸣,等.2015.冀中坳陷文安斜坡第三系油气有效输导体系研究[J].石油实验地质,37(2):179-186.
何登发,Suppe J,贾承造.2005.断层相关褶皱理论与应用研究新进展[J].地学前缘,12(4):353-364.
胡望水,何瑶瑶,李涛,等.2010.霸县凹陷文安斜坡带构造圈闭及构造油气藏[J].海洋地质动态,26(11):24-30.
李火车,刘秋生,王亚红,等.2001.斜坡油气勘探[J].石油地球物理勘探,36(5):602-610.
孙思敏,季汉成,王建伟,等.2016.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷西南庄断层分段特征及演化[J].石油实验地质,38(5):628-634.
王海学,李明辉,沈忠山,等.2014a.断层分段生长定量判别标准的建立及其地质意义-以松辽盆地杏北开发区萨尔图油层为例[J].地质论评,60(6):1259-1264.
王海学,吕延防,付晓飞,等.2014b.断裂质量校正及其在油气勘探开发中的作用[J].中国矿业大学学报,43(3):482-490.
汪新文.2008.伸展褶皱作用及其油气勘探意义[J].现代地质,22(1):60-69.
张博为,付广,张居和,等.2017.油源断裂转换带裂缝发育及其对油气控制作用---以冀中坳陷文安斜坡议论堡地区沙二段为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),47(2):370-381.
张军龙,蒙启安,张长厚,等.2009.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷边界断裂生长过程的定量分析[J].地学前缘,16(4):87-96.
赵贤正,金凤鸣,王权,等.2016.断陷盆地富油凹陷二次勘探工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,213-275.
周心怀,余一欣,魏刚,等.2008.渤海辽东湾海域JZ25-1S转换带与油气成藏的关系[J].石油学报,29(6):837-840.
Faulds J E,Varga R J.1998.The role of accommodation zones and transfer zones in the regional segmentation of extended terranes[A].//Faulds J E,Stewart J H.Accommodation Zones and Transfe Zones:The Regional Segmentation of the Basin and Range Province[M].Geological Society of American Special Paper,323:1-45.
Fu G,Sun T W,LüY F.2014.An evaluation method of oil-gas latera transporting ability of fault-sandstone configuration in Nanpu depression[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technolog(in Chinese),43(1):79-87.
Fu X F,Sun B,Wang H X,et al.2015.Fault segmentation growth quantitative characterization and its application on sag hydrocarbon accumulation research[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology(in Chinese),44(2):271-281.
Fu X F,Wang P Y,Shen J N,et al.2006.Migration and accumulation of oil and gas in a simple slope area:A case study on the western slope of the northern Songliao basin[J].Geological Review(in Chinese),52(4):522-531.
Gao C H,Zha M,Ge S Q,et al.2014.Main controlling factors and models of hydrocarbon accumulation in weak structural belts of oilrich sags,the Jizhong Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology(in Chinese),35(5):595-608.
Guo K,Zeng J H,Jin F M,et al.2015.Effective petroleum migration system in the Tertiary of Wen’an Slope,Jizhong Depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment(in Chinese),37(2):179-186.
Hamblin W K.1965.Origin of“Reverse Drag”on the downthrown side of normal faults[J].The Geological Society of America Bulletin,76(10):1145-1164.
He D F,Suppe J,Jia C Z.2005.New advances in theory and application of fault-related folding[J].Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),12(4):353-364.
Hu W S,He Y Y,Li Tao,et al.2010.The structural traps and oil-gas accumulations on Wen’an slope of Baxian sag[J].Marine Geology Letters(in Chinese),26(11):24-30.
Janecke S U,Vandenburg C J,Blankenau J J.1998.Geometry,mechanisms and significance of extensional folds from examples in the Rocky Mountain Basin and Range province,U.S.A[J].Journal of Structural Geology,20(7):841-856.
Kim Y S,Sanderson D J.2005.The relationship between displacement and length of faults:A review[J].Earth-Science Reviews,68(3-4):317-334.
Li H C,Liu Q S,Wang Y H,et al.2001.Oil-gas exploration on slope[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),36(5):602-610.
Morley C K,Nelson R A,Patton T L,et al.1990.Transfer zones in the east African rift system and their relevance to hydrocarbon exploration in rifts[J].AAPG Bulletin,74(8):1234-1253.
Peacock D C P,Sanderson D J.1991.Displacements,segment linkage and relay ramps in normal fault zones[J].Journal of Structural Geology,13(6):721-733.
Peacock D C P,Sanderson D J.1994.Geometry and development of relay ramps in normal fault systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,78(2):147-165.
Peacock D C P.2002.Propagation,interaction and linkage in normal fault systems[J].Earth-Science Reviews,58(1-2):121-142.
Rippon J H.1985.Contoured patterns of the throw and hade of normal faults in the Coal Measures(Westphalian)of north-east Derbyshire[J].Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society,45:147-161.
Schlische R W.1995.Geometry and origin of fault-related folds in extensional settings[J].AAPG Bulletin,79(11):1661-1678.
Soliva R,Benedicto A.2004.A linkage criterion for segmented normal faults[J].Journal of Structural Geology,26(12):2251-2267.
Soliva R,Benedicto A,Schultz R A,et al.2008.Displacement and interaction of normal fault segments branched at depth:Implications for fault growth and potential earthquake rupture size[J].Journal of Structural Geology,30(10):1288-1299.
Sun S M,Ji H C,Wang J W,et al.2016.Segmentation characteristics and evolution of Xinanzhuang fault in Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment(in Chinese),38(5):628-634.
Suppe J.1983.Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding[J].American Journal of Science,283(7):684-721.
Walsh J J,Watterson J.1991.Geometric and kinematic coherence and scale effects in normal fault systems[A].//Roberts A M,Yielding G,Freeman B.The Geometry of Normal Faults[M].London:Geological Society Special Publication,56:193-206.
Wang H X,Li M H,Shen Z S,et al.2014a.The establishment and geological significance of quantitative discrimination criterion of fault segmentation growth-an example from Saertu reservoir in Xingbei development area of Songliao basin[J].Geological Review(in Chinese),60(6):1259-1264.
Wang H X,LüY F,Fu X F,et al.2014b.Fault quality correction and its role in the oil and gas exploration and development[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology(in Chinese),43(3):482-490.
Wang X W.2008.Extensional folding and its significance for oil-gas exploration[J].Geoscience(in Chinese),22(1):60-69.
Zhang B W,Fu G,Zhang J H,et al.2017.Fracture development in oilmigrating fault transition zones and its control on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation:A case study of Es2oil formation of Yilunpu Structure of Wen’an slope of Jizhong depression[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition)(in Chinese),47(2):370-381.
Zhang J L,Meng Q A,Zhang C H,et al.2009.A quantitative study on the growth of boundary faults of the Xujiaweizi faulting depression in the Songliao Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),16(4):87-96.
Zhao X Z,Jin F M,Wang Q,et al.2016.The Secondary Exploration Engineering of Oil-Rich Sag in Graben Basin(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,213-275.
Zhou X H,Yu Y X,Wei G,et al.2008.Relationship between JZ25-1Stransfer zone and hydrocarbon accumulation in Liaodongwan offshore of Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(in Chinese),29(6):837-840.
付广,孙同文,吕延防.2014.南堡凹陷断-砂配置侧向输导油气能力评价方法[J].中国矿业大学学报,43(1):79-87.
付晓飞,孙兵,王海学,等.2015.断层分段生长定量表征及在油气成藏研究中的应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,44(2):271-281.
付晓飞,王朋岩,申家年,等.2006.简单斜坡油气富集规律-以松辽盆地西部斜坡北段为例[J].地质论评,52(4):522-531.
高长海,查明,葛盛权,等.2014.冀中富油凹陷弱构造带油气成藏主控因素及模式[J].石油与天然气地质,35(5):595-608.
郭凯,曾溅辉,金凤鸣,等.2015.冀中坳陷文安斜坡第三系油气有效输导体系研究[J].石油实验地质,37(2):179-186.
何登发,Suppe J,贾承造.2005.断层相关褶皱理论与应用研究新进展[J].地学前缘,12(4):353-364.
胡望水,何瑶瑶,李涛,等.2010.霸县凹陷文安斜坡带构造圈闭及构造油气藏[J].海洋地质动态,26(11):24-30.
李火车,刘秋生,王亚红,等.2001.斜坡油气勘探[J].石油地球物理勘探,36(5):602-610.
孙思敏,季汉成,王建伟,等.2016.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷西南庄断层分段特征及演化[J].石油实验地质,38(5):628-634.
王海学,李明辉,沈忠山,等.2014a.断层分段生长定量判别标准的建立及其地质意义-以松辽盆地杏北开发区萨尔图油层为例[J].地质论评,60(6):1259-1264.
王海学,吕延防,付晓飞,等.2014b.断裂质量校正及其在油气勘探开发中的作用[J].中国矿业大学学报,43(3):482-490.
汪新文.2008.伸展褶皱作用及其油气勘探意义[J].现代地质,22(1):60-69.
张博为,付广,张居和,等.2017.油源断裂转换带裂缝发育及其对油气控制作用---以冀中坳陷文安斜坡议论堡地区沙二段为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),47(2):370-381.
张军龙,蒙启安,张长厚,等.2009.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷边界断裂生长过程的定量分析[J].地学前缘,16(4):87-96.
赵贤正,金凤鸣,王权,等.2016.断陷盆地富油凹陷二次勘探工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,213-275.
周心怀,余一欣,魏刚,等.2008.渤海辽东湾海域JZ25-1S转换带与油气成藏的关系[J].石油学报,29(6):837-840.