基于第一和第二次全国土地调查数据的我国土地利用变化特征分析
|
摘要
[目的]了解1996—2009年我国各省土地利用变化情况,掌握各类用地的变动趋势,为各地土地利用规划和土地开发、保护提供科学依据。[方法]基于2次全国土地调查数据,对全国31个省的土地利用动态度和土地利用结构信息熵的时空变化进行了分析。[结果]我国的土地利用变化与各地区自然资源特征和经济发展程度密切相关,其中,耕地、水域及水利设施用地整体"西增东减",林地、草地则整体由东向西增量逐渐增加,园地向西部和南部增加、黄渤海地区缩减,城镇村及工矿用地由东部沿海向内陆地区增加量逐渐减少,交通运输用地南北激增,其他土地则由东向西减少量逐渐增加,且经济发展较快地区各类用地的变化率都相对较大,同时,耕地、园地、林地、水域及水利设施用地的变化还与各地自然资源分布特征关系较大;土地利用结构信息熵的空间分布总体为熵值由东向西减少,且相较第一次全国土地利用调查,第二次全国土地利用调查时信息熵的变化总体表现为"东增西减"。[结论]我国土地利用结构有序度由西向东递减,且在这14年期间东部地区的土地利用系统有序度在进一步下降,土地利用结构趋于复杂,均衡度上升。
[Objective] The research aimed to understand the change of land use in the provinces of China from 1996 to 2009 and master the changing trend of land use to provide scientific basis for land use planning and land development and protection.[Method] This paper analyzed the temporal dynamics of land use type dynamics and land use structure information entropy in 31 provinces of China based on the two national land survey data.[Result]The land use change was closely related to the characteristics of natural resources and the degree of economic development in different regions. Among them,the cultivated land,water and water conservancy facilities land as a whole"West increase and East minus",woodland and grassland as a whole from east to west increments gradually increased,the garden grew to the west and south,shrank in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea Region,urban villages and industrial and mining land from the eastern coast to the inland areas increased gradually,transportation land increased sharply in north to south area,while other lands decreased from east to west,moreover,the rate of land change was relatively large in areas with relatively fast economic development,at the same time,the changes of cultivated land,garden land,forest land,water area and water conservancy facilities were closely related to the distribution characteristics of natural resources. The spatial distribution of the information entropy of land use structure was generally manifested as the decrease of entropy from east to west,and compared to the first national land survey,the information entropy changes in the second national land survey showed"East increase and West decrease",this shows that the order of land use structure in China is decreasing from west to east.[Conclusion]The order of land use system is decreasing further,the land use structure tends to be complex,and the equilibrium degree rises in the eastern region during these 14 years.
[Objective] The research aimed to understand the change of land use in the provinces of China from 1996 to 2009 and master the changing trend of land use to provide scientific basis for land use planning and land development and protection.[Method] This paper analyzed the temporal dynamics of land use type dynamics and land use structure information entropy in 31 provinces of China based on the two national land survey data.[Result]The land use change was closely related to the characteristics of natural resources and the degree of economic development in different regions. Among them,the cultivated land,water and water conservancy facilities land as a whole"West increase and East minus",woodland and grassland as a whole from east to west increments gradually increased,the garden grew to the west and south,shrank in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea Region,urban villages and industrial and mining land from the eastern coast to the inland areas increased gradually,transportation land increased sharply in north to south area,while other lands decreased from east to west,moreover,the rate of land change was relatively large in areas with relatively fast economic development,at the same time,the changes of cultivated land,garden land,forest land,water area and water conservancy facilities were closely related to the distribution characteristics of natural resources. The spatial distribution of the information entropy of land use structure was generally manifested as the decrease of entropy from east to west,and compared to the first national land survey,the information entropy changes in the second national land survey showed"East increase and West decrease",this shows that the order of land use structure in China is decreasing from west to east.[Conclusion]The order of land use system is decreasing further,the land use structure tends to be complex,and the equilibrium degree rises in the eastern region during these 14 years.
引文
[1]许彦曦,陈凤,濮励杰.城市空间扩展与城市土地利用扩展的研究进展[J].经济地理,2007,27(2):296-301.
[2]傅伯杰,陈利顶,王军,等.土地利用结构与生态过程[J].第四季研究,2003,23(3):247-255.
[3]于兴修,杨桂山.中国土地利用/覆被变化研究的现状与问题[J].地理科学进展,2002,21(1):51-57.
[4]李秀彬.全球环境变化研究的核心领域——土地利用/土地覆被变化的国际研究动向[J].地理学报,1996,51(6):553-558.
[5]刘纪远,刘明亮,庄大方,等.中国近期土地利用变化的空间格局分析[J].中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1031-1040.
[6]刘纪远,张增祥,徐新良,等.21世纪初中国土地利用变化的空间格局与驱动力分析[J].地理学报,2009,64(12):1411-1420.
[7]刘纪远,匡文慧,张增祥,等.20世纪80年代末以来中国土地利用变化的基本特征与空间格局[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):3-14.
[8]高志强,刘纪远,庄大方.基于遥感和GIS的中国土地利用/土地覆盖的现状研究[J].遥感学报,1999,3(2):134-139.
[9]王思远,张增祥,赵晓丽,等.GIS支持下不同生态背景的土地利用空间特征分析[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(4):324-330.
[10]摆万奇,赵士洞.土地利用变化驱动力系统分析[J].资源科学,2001,23(3):39-41.
[11]朱会义,何书金,张明.环渤海地区土地利用变化的驱动力分析[J].地理研究,2001,20(6):669-678.
[12]于兴修,杨桂山,李恒鹏.典型流域土地利用/覆被变化及其景观生态效应:以浙江省西苕溪流域为例[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(1):13-19.
[13]蒙吉军,吴秀芹,李正国.黑河流域LUCC(1988-2000)的生态环境效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(4):17-21.
[14]杜习乐,吕昌河,王海荣.土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)的环境效应研究进展[J].土壤,2011,43(3):350-360.
[15]陈佑启,VERBURG P H,徐斌.中国土地利用变化及其影响的空间建模分析[J].地理科学进展,2000,19(2):116-127.
[16]朱会义,李秀彬.关于区域土地利用变化指数模型方法的讨论[J].地理学报,2003,58(5):643-650.
[17]张永民,赵士洞,VERBURG P H.CLUE-S模型及其在奈曼旗土地利用时空动态变化模拟中的应用[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(3):310-318.
[18]李元.中国土地资源[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2000.
[19]LIN G C S,HO S P S.China’s land resources and land-use change:Insights from the 1996 land survey[J].Land use policy,2003,20(2):87-107.
[20]《云南土地资源》编写组.云南土地资源[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2014.
[21]谭永忠,何巨,岳文泽,等.全国第二次土地调查前后中国耕地面积变化的空间格局[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(2):186-197.
[22]李忠锋,王一谋,冯毓荪,等.基于RS与GIS的榆林地区土地利用变化分析[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(2):97-99.
[23]谭永忠,吴次芳.区域土地利用结构的信息熵分异规律研究[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(1):112-117.
[24]赵京,杨钢桥.基于信息熵的土地利用结构演变分析:以湖北省为例[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(4):1016-1019.
[25]张培学,姚慧,郑新奇.基于信息熵的济南市城乡用地结构及分布动态研究[J].国土资源科技管理,2006,23(2):74-78.
[26]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):81-87.
[2]傅伯杰,陈利顶,王军,等.土地利用结构与生态过程[J].第四季研究,2003,23(3):247-255.
[3]于兴修,杨桂山.中国土地利用/覆被变化研究的现状与问题[J].地理科学进展,2002,21(1):51-57.
[4]李秀彬.全球环境变化研究的核心领域——土地利用/土地覆被变化的国际研究动向[J].地理学报,1996,51(6):553-558.
[5]刘纪远,刘明亮,庄大方,等.中国近期土地利用变化的空间格局分析[J].中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1031-1040.
[6]刘纪远,张增祥,徐新良,等.21世纪初中国土地利用变化的空间格局与驱动力分析[J].地理学报,2009,64(12):1411-1420.
[7]刘纪远,匡文慧,张增祥,等.20世纪80年代末以来中国土地利用变化的基本特征与空间格局[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):3-14.
[8]高志强,刘纪远,庄大方.基于遥感和GIS的中国土地利用/土地覆盖的现状研究[J].遥感学报,1999,3(2):134-139.
[9]王思远,张增祥,赵晓丽,等.GIS支持下不同生态背景的土地利用空间特征分析[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(4):324-330.
[10]摆万奇,赵士洞.土地利用变化驱动力系统分析[J].资源科学,2001,23(3):39-41.
[11]朱会义,何书金,张明.环渤海地区土地利用变化的驱动力分析[J].地理研究,2001,20(6):669-678.
[12]于兴修,杨桂山,李恒鹏.典型流域土地利用/覆被变化及其景观生态效应:以浙江省西苕溪流域为例[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(1):13-19.
[13]蒙吉军,吴秀芹,李正国.黑河流域LUCC(1988-2000)的生态环境效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(4):17-21.
[14]杜习乐,吕昌河,王海荣.土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)的环境效应研究进展[J].土壤,2011,43(3):350-360.
[15]陈佑启,VERBURG P H,徐斌.中国土地利用变化及其影响的空间建模分析[J].地理科学进展,2000,19(2):116-127.
[16]朱会义,李秀彬.关于区域土地利用变化指数模型方法的讨论[J].地理学报,2003,58(5):643-650.
[17]张永民,赵士洞,VERBURG P H.CLUE-S模型及其在奈曼旗土地利用时空动态变化模拟中的应用[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(3):310-318.
[18]李元.中国土地资源[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2000.
[19]LIN G C S,HO S P S.China’s land resources and land-use change:Insights from the 1996 land survey[J].Land use policy,2003,20(2):87-107.
[20]《云南土地资源》编写组.云南土地资源[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2014.
[21]谭永忠,何巨,岳文泽,等.全国第二次土地调查前后中国耕地面积变化的空间格局[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(2):186-197.
[22]李忠锋,王一谋,冯毓荪,等.基于RS与GIS的榆林地区土地利用变化分析[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(2):97-99.
[23]谭永忠,吴次芳.区域土地利用结构的信息熵分异规律研究[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(1):112-117.
[24]赵京,杨钢桥.基于信息熵的土地利用结构演变分析:以湖北省为例[J].湖北农业科学,2010,49(4):1016-1019.
[25]张培学,姚慧,郑新奇.基于信息熵的济南市城乡用地结构及分布动态研究[J].国土资源科技管理,2006,23(2):74-78.
[26]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):81-87.