基于PSR模型的广西石漠化地区土地生态安全动态评价
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摘要
[目的]对广西壮族自治区轻度及以上石漠化地区进行土地生态安全评价,为该区土地生态安全及其可持续发展提供科学参考。[方法]基于PSR模型构建了广西石漠化地区土地生态安全评价指标体系,采用熵权赋权法确定权重,运用生态安全综合模型,对研究区2005,2015年的土地生态安全综合指数进行计算。[结果]广西石漠化地区土地生态安全主导因素为人口密度、单位GDP综合耗能、土地垦殖率、耕地粮食单产、城市化水平、人口自然增长率等因素;压力指数、状态指数和响应指数共同决定广西石漠化地区土地生态安全评价的综合指数;从时间上看,2005—2015年广西石漠化地区土地生态安全经历了从临界安全等级向较安全等级的变化趋势,土地生态安全的状况主要因响应状态系统的提升,而使得综合土地生态安全指数有所上升。从空间上看,2005年贵港地区的土地生态安全等级处于不安全级,2015年南宁、贵港、来宾等地区的土地生态安全等级处于较不安全级。[结论]广西石漠化地区的土地生态安全略有上升,但受压力和状态子系统承载力水平的限制,研究区的土地生态安全仍处于中等水平,需要进一步加强土地生态安全建设。
[Objective]The status of land ecological security development in the light-to-severe rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was studied in order to provide scientific reference for land ecological security and its sustainable development in study area.[Methods]Based on PSR model,and from three aspects including pressure,state and response,this paper constructed a land ecological security early-warning index system for the light-to-severe rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The entropy weight method and the integrated model of ecological security were used to calculat the comprehensive index of land ecological in 2005 and 2015in study area.[Results]The main affecting factors of land ecological security in the rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi ZhuangAutonomous Region were the population density,the integrated energy consumption per unit of GDP,the land cultivation rate,the per unit area yied of grain,the urbanization level,the natural population growth rate.Pressure index,state index and response index jointly determined the comprehensive index of land ecological security evaluation in the rocky desertification mountainous area.With respect to time differentiation,from2005 to 2015,the land ecological security in the rocky desertification mountainous area had changed from critical level to mainly relatively safe level over the past 10 years,the situation of land ecological security was mainly due to the improvement of the response state system,which made the comprehensive land ecological security index increased.With respect to spatial differentiation,the land ecological security was the lowest in2005,and the level of land ecological security was at a relatively unsafe level in Nanning,Guigang,Laibin areas in 2015.[Conclusions]Although the land ecological security in the rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region raised slightly,limited by the level of carrying capacity of pressure and state subsystem,the land ecological security of the study area is still at an intermediate level,the construction of land ecological security needs to be further strengthened.
[Objective]The status of land ecological security development in the light-to-severe rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was studied in order to provide scientific reference for land ecological security and its sustainable development in study area.[Methods]Based on PSR model,and from three aspects including pressure,state and response,this paper constructed a land ecological security early-warning index system for the light-to-severe rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The entropy weight method and the integrated model of ecological security were used to calculat the comprehensive index of land ecological in 2005 and 2015in study area.[Results]The main affecting factors of land ecological security in the rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi ZhuangAutonomous Region were the population density,the integrated energy consumption per unit of GDP,the land cultivation rate,the per unit area yied of grain,the urbanization level,the natural population growth rate.Pressure index,state index and response index jointly determined the comprehensive index of land ecological security evaluation in the rocky desertification mountainous area.With respect to time differentiation,from2005 to 2015,the land ecological security in the rocky desertification mountainous area had changed from critical level to mainly relatively safe level over the past 10 years,the situation of land ecological security was mainly due to the improvement of the response state system,which made the comprehensive land ecological security index increased.With respect to spatial differentiation,the land ecological security was the lowest in2005,and the level of land ecological security was at a relatively unsafe level in Nanning,Guigang,Laibin areas in 2015.[Conclusions]Although the land ecological security in the rocky desertification mountainous area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region raised slightly,limited by the level of carrying capacity of pressure and state subsystem,the land ecological security of the study area is still at an intermediate level,the construction of land ecological security needs to be further strengthened.
引文
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[3]彭睿文,罗娅,陈起伟,等.石漠化治理区小尺度土地利用变化及其驱动机制分析:以花江石漠化治理区为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,12(26):2073-2082.
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[7]于海洋,张飞,曹雷.精河县土地利用/覆被变化及土地生态安全研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(6):348-353.
[8]林坚,张禹平,李婧怡,等.2013年土地科学研究重点进展评述及2014年展望:土地利用与规划分报告[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(2):3-12.
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[11]李德胜,王占岐,侯现慧,等.灰色关联投影模型在城市土地生态安全评价中的应用[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):194-200.
[12]董飞,宋戈.城市区域土地生态安全评价:以哈尔滨市阿城区为例[J].国土资源情报,2010,10(4):41-45.
[13]陈伊多,杨庆媛,杨人豪,等.基于熵权物元模型的土地生态安全评价:重庆市江津区实证[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(1):185-194.
[14]祝培甜,赵中秋,陈勇,等.基于三角模型的土地生态安全动态评价:以西安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(1):244-248.
[15]王鹏,况福民,邓育武,等.基于主成分分析的衡阳市土地生态安全评价[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):168-172.
[16]吕添贵,吴次芳,李冠,等.基于生态足迹的港口型城镇土地生态安全研究:以宁波市镇海区为例[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(6):250-255.
[17]徐美,朱翔,刘春腊.基于RBF的湖南省土地生态安全动态预警[J].地理学报,2012,67(10):1411-1422.
[18]侯洪升.山东省农用地数量变化及生态安全评价[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(2):183-188.
[19]马轩凯,高敏华.西北干旱地区绿洲城市土地生态安全动态评价:以新疆库尔勒市为例[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(1):172-180.
[20]李洁,赵锐锋,梁丹,等.兰州市城市土地生态安全评价与时空动态研究[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(2):151-157.
[21]于海洋,张飞,曹雷,等.基于乡镇尺度的土地生态安全时空格局评价研究:以博尔塔拉蒙古自治州为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(19):6355-6369.
[22]刘明远,张合兵,孙江锋,等.典型区域土地生态状况精细评估[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(33):206-211.
[23]刘志有,蒲春玲,闫志明,等.基于生态文明视角新疆绿洲土地生态安全影响因素及管控机制研究:以塔城市为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(3):155-160.
[24]马世五,谢德体,张孝成,等.三峡库区生态敏感区土地生态安全预警测度与时空演变:以重庆市万州区为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(24):8227-8240.
[25]于淑会,周向莉,卿冀川,等.河北滨海盐碱土地生态安全评价[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(5):778-786.
[26]张茹,戴文婷,刘兆顺,等.我国北方农牧交错区土地生态安全评价:以白城市为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):259-266.
[27]高凤杰,侯大伟,马泉来,等.退耕还林背景下寒地山区土地生态安全演变研究[J].干旱区地理,2016,39(4):800-808.
[28]荣联伟,师学义,高奇,等.黄土高原山丘区土地生态安全动态评价及预测[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):210-216.
[29]王鹏,王亚娟,刘小鹏,等.基于PSR模型的青铜峡市土地生态安全评价与预测[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(2):148-153.
[30]孙奇奇,宋戈,齐美玲.基于主成分分析的哈尔滨市土地生态安全评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(1):234-238.
[2]彭文君,舒英格.基于GIS的石漠化山区县域土地利用空间变化的生态风险测度[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(1):342-348.
[3]彭睿文,罗娅,陈起伟,等.石漠化治理区小尺度土地利用变化及其驱动机制分析:以花江石漠化治理区为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,12(26):2073-2082.
[4]王晓燕.喀斯特山区石漠化综合治理[J].中国农业资源与区划,2010,31(4):76-80.
[5]岳跃民,王克林,张兵,等.喀斯特石漠化信息遥感提取的不确定性[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(3):266-274.
[6]韩昭庆,冉有华,刘俊秀,等.1930—2000年广西地区石漠化分布的变迁[J].地理学报,2016,71(3):390-399.
[7]于海洋,张飞,曹雷.精河县土地利用/覆被变化及土地生态安全研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(6):348-353.
[8]林坚,张禹平,李婧怡,等.2013年土地科学研究重点进展评述及2014年展望:土地利用与规划分报告[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(2):3-12.
[9]李昊,李世平,银敏华.中国土地生态安全研究进展与展望[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(9):50-56.
[10]储佩佩,付梅臣.中国区域土地生态安全与评价研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(11):160-164.
[11]李德胜,王占岐,侯现慧,等.灰色关联投影模型在城市土地生态安全评价中的应用[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):194-200.
[12]董飞,宋戈.城市区域土地生态安全评价:以哈尔滨市阿城区为例[J].国土资源情报,2010,10(4):41-45.
[13]陈伊多,杨庆媛,杨人豪,等.基于熵权物元模型的土地生态安全评价:重庆市江津区实证[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(1):185-194.
[14]祝培甜,赵中秋,陈勇,等.基于三角模型的土地生态安全动态评价:以西安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(1):244-248.
[15]王鹏,况福民,邓育武,等.基于主成分分析的衡阳市土地生态安全评价[J].经济地理,2015,35(1):168-172.
[16]吕添贵,吴次芳,李冠,等.基于生态足迹的港口型城镇土地生态安全研究:以宁波市镇海区为例[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(6):250-255.
[17]徐美,朱翔,刘春腊.基于RBF的湖南省土地生态安全动态预警[J].地理学报,2012,67(10):1411-1422.
[18]侯洪升.山东省农用地数量变化及生态安全评价[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(2):183-188.
[19]马轩凯,高敏华.西北干旱地区绿洲城市土地生态安全动态评价:以新疆库尔勒市为例[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(1):172-180.
[20]李洁,赵锐锋,梁丹,等.兰州市城市土地生态安全评价与时空动态研究[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(2):151-157.
[21]于海洋,张飞,曹雷,等.基于乡镇尺度的土地生态安全时空格局评价研究:以博尔塔拉蒙古自治州为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(19):6355-6369.
[22]刘明远,张合兵,孙江锋,等.典型区域土地生态状况精细评估[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(33):206-211.
[23]刘志有,蒲春玲,闫志明,等.基于生态文明视角新疆绿洲土地生态安全影响因素及管控机制研究:以塔城市为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(3):155-160.
[24]马世五,谢德体,张孝成,等.三峡库区生态敏感区土地生态安全预警测度与时空演变:以重庆市万州区为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(24):8227-8240.
[25]于淑会,周向莉,卿冀川,等.河北滨海盐碱土地生态安全评价[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(5):778-786.
[26]张茹,戴文婷,刘兆顺,等.我国北方农牧交错区土地生态安全评价:以白城市为例[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):259-266.
[27]高凤杰,侯大伟,马泉来,等.退耕还林背景下寒地山区土地生态安全演变研究[J].干旱区地理,2016,39(4):800-808.
[28]荣联伟,师学义,高奇,等.黄土高原山丘区土地生态安全动态评价及预测[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):210-216.
[29]王鹏,王亚娟,刘小鹏,等.基于PSR模型的青铜峡市土地生态安全评价与预测[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(2):148-153.
[30]孙奇奇,宋戈,齐美玲.基于主成分分析的哈尔滨市土地生态安全评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(1):234-238.