林芝市主城区空气负离子特征及影响因素研究
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摘要
对林芝市主城区空气负离子浓度特征及影响因素进行研究,以期为其市政规划及生态旅游发展提供依据。在市区尼洋河公园、福建公园、厦门广场和湿地公园架设仪器,监测空气正负离子、温湿度及大气颗粒物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、TSP),采用单因素方差、多重比较及相关性、回归(一元回归和逐步回归)等方法,对其空气负离子进行研究。结果表明:(1)夏秋冬季节空气负离子浓度日变化均呈"单峰"型,峰值出现在14:00左右;随着由夏入冬的季节变换,空气负离子浓度逐渐降低。(2)在夏秋冬各季节均表现为尼洋河公园、福建公园空气负离子浓度高于厦门广场和湿地公园,综合单极系数、离子评价系数表明,尼洋河公园和福建公园的空气质量较好。(3)不同天气下条件空气负离子浓度及离子评价系数的大小顺序均为:雨过天晴>雨天>晴天>阴天。(4)空气负离子与温度极显著正相关(p<0.01),与相对湿度呈负相关(p>0.05),与颗粒物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、TSP)极呈显著负相关(p<0.01),且各影响因素与空气负离子的函数关系不一。)空气负离子浓度在午后较高,尤其是水边、绿地空气负离子浓度高、质量好,建议居民在晴天、雨过天晴的时候多在尼洋河公园、福建公园进行活动,温度、PM_(10)是对空气负离子浓度综合影响较大的因素。
The characteristics and influencing factors of negative air ion concentration in the main urban area of Nyingchi City were studied in this paper to provide a basis for its municipal planning and ecotourism development. Some instruments in the urban Niyanghe Park, Fujian Park, Xiamen Square and Wetland Park were set up to monitor air positive and negative ions, temperature and humidity and atmospheric particulate matter(PM2.5, PM10, TSP). The status of negative air ion was studied by one-way ANOVA, multiple comparisons and correlations, regression(one-way regression and stepwise regression) and some other methods. The results showed that the daily variation of negative air ion concentration in summer, autumn and winter was "single peak" type,and the peak appeared at around 14:00. With the seasonal change from summer to winter, negative air ion concentration gradually decreased. In summer, autumn and winter, negative air ion concentration of Niyanghe Park and Fujian Park was higher than that of Xiamen Square and Wetland Park. The comprehensive consideration of air ion polarity ration and air ion assessment index indicated that Niyanghe Park and Fujian Park had better air quality. The order of negative air ion concentration and air ion assessment index under different weather condition was: sunny after rain > rainy day > sunny day > cloudy day. There was a significantly positive correlation between negative air ion and temperature(p<0.01), a negatively correlation between negative air ion and relative humidity(p>0.05), and a significantly negatively correlation between negative air ion and particulate matter(PM_(2.5), PM_(10), TSP)(p<0.01). Moreover, each influencing factor had different relations with negative air ion. In conclusion, negative air ion concentration was higher in the afternoon, especially in the waterside and green space and the temperature and PM10 were comprehensive factors that had the largest impacts on negative air ion concentration. It is recommended that the residents are better to conduct activities in Niyanghe Park and Fujian Park on sunny days and sunny after rain.
The characteristics and influencing factors of negative air ion concentration in the main urban area of Nyingchi City were studied in this paper to provide a basis for its municipal planning and ecotourism development. Some instruments in the urban Niyanghe Park, Fujian Park, Xiamen Square and Wetland Park were set up to monitor air positive and negative ions, temperature and humidity and atmospheric particulate matter(PM2.5, PM10, TSP). The status of negative air ion was studied by one-way ANOVA, multiple comparisons and correlations, regression(one-way regression and stepwise regression) and some other methods. The results showed that the daily variation of negative air ion concentration in summer, autumn and winter was "single peak" type,and the peak appeared at around 14:00. With the seasonal change from summer to winter, negative air ion concentration gradually decreased. In summer, autumn and winter, negative air ion concentration of Niyanghe Park and Fujian Park was higher than that of Xiamen Square and Wetland Park. The comprehensive consideration of air ion polarity ration and air ion assessment index indicated that Niyanghe Park and Fujian Park had better air quality. The order of negative air ion concentration and air ion assessment index under different weather condition was: sunny after rain > rainy day > sunny day > cloudy day. There was a significantly positive correlation between negative air ion and temperature(p<0.01), a negatively correlation between negative air ion and relative humidity(p>0.05), and a significantly negatively correlation between negative air ion and particulate matter(PM_(2.5), PM_(10), TSP)(p<0.01). Moreover, each influencing factor had different relations with negative air ion. In conclusion, negative air ion concentration was higher in the afternoon, especially in the waterside and green space and the temperature and PM10 were comprehensive factors that had the largest impacts on negative air ion concentration. It is recommended that the residents are better to conduct activities in Niyanghe Park and Fujian Park on sunny days and sunny after rain.
引文
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[17]卢杰,兰小中,罗建.林芝地区珍稀濒危藏药植物资源调查与评价[J].资源科学,2011,33(12):2362-2369.
[18]林旋,杨国强,张敏.林芝县旅游资源评价与开发建议[J].四川林勘设计,2013,(4):22-27.
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[20]邵海荣,贺庆棠.森林与空气负离子[J].世界林业研究,2000,13(5):19-23.
[21]Kolarzp,Gaisbeiger M,Madl P,etal.Characterization of ions at Alpine Waterfalls[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and physics,2012,12(8):3687-3697.
[22]张生瑞,向宝惠,鞠洪润.龙胜各族自治县空气负离子资源的分布特征及开发策略[J].中国科学院大学学报,2016,33(3):365-372.
[23]曹梦露,程南洋.紫金山国家森林公园空气负离子变化监测及其保健价值开发[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(12):212-215.
[24]张毓涛,李吉玫.新疆主要城市不同生态功能区夏季空气负离子特征[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(6):865-874.
[25]历月桥,毕拥国.清西陵地区空气负离子分布规律的研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2008,31(3):46-50.
[26]潘剑彬,董丽,廖圣晓,等.北京奥林匹克森林公园空气负离子浓度及其影响因素[J].北京林业大学学报.2011(2):59-64.
[27]Hussein T,Ylijuuti T,Vartiainen E,et al.Indoor and outdoor air ions and aerosol particles in the urban atmosphere of Helsinki:characteristics,sources and formation[J].Boreal environment research,2007,12(3):295.
[28]刘晴,高鹏,李成等.泰安市典型生态功能区空气负离子的时空分布及影响因素分析[J].环境化学,2019,38(1):169-176.
[29]贺江华.天际岭国家森林公园空气负离子及其影响因子研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2014.
[30]王非,李冰,周蕴薇.城市森林公园空气负离子浓度与气象因子的相关性[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(2):18-20,38.
[31]曾曙才,苏志尧,陈北光.我国森林空气负离子研究进展[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(5):107-111.
[2]邵海荣,贺庆棠,阎海平等.北京地区空气负离子浓度时空变化特征的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2005,27(3):35-39.
[3]Pino O,Ragione F L.There’s something in the air:Empirical evidence for the effects of negative air ions(NAI)on psychophysiological state and performance[J].Science and Education Publishing,2013,1(4):48-53.
[4]Alexander D D,Bailey W H,Perez V,etal.Air ions and respiratory function outcomes:a comprehensive review[J].Journal of Negative Results in Biomedicine,2013,12(2):1-16.
[5]wama H.Negative air ions created by water shearing improve erythrocyte deformability and aerobic metabolism[J].Indoor Air,2004,14(4):293-297.
[6]Krueger,A.P.The biological effects of air ions[J].International Journal Biometeorol,1985,29:205.
[7]何平,常顺利,李毓涛等.新疆森林游憩区空气负离子浓度时空分布特征及其影响因素[J].资源科学,2015,37(3):629-635.
[8]Jameson B A,Wolfh.The an tigenic index:a novel algorithm for predicting antigenic determinants[J].Comput Appl Biosci,1988,4(1):181-186.
[9]姚成胜.岳麓山空气负离子分布规律及开发利用研究[D].长沙:湖南师范大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[10]Suzuki S,Yanagita S,Amemiya S,et al.Effects of negative air ions on activity of neural substrates involved in autonomic regulation in rats[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,2008,52(6):481-489.
[11]Bonnie B,Randall F,Joseph A,et al.Controlled trial evaluation of exposure duration to negative air ions for the treatment of seasonal affective disorder[J].Psychiatry Research,2017,259:7-14.
[12]Goel N,Terman M,Terman J S,et al.Controlled trial of bright light and negative air ions for chronic depression[J].Psychological Medicine,2005,35(7):945-955.
[13]刘端,白志强,韩燕梁.喀纳斯国家级森林公园景区夏秋季空气负离子浓度变化特征[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(3):253-257.
[14]赵怡宁,史常青,许荡飞,等.崇礼区典型林分空气负离子浓度及影响因素[J].林业科学研究,2018,31(3):127-135.
[15]袁相洋,孙迎雪,田媛等.北京市不同功能区空气负氧离子及影响因素研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(6):97-102.
[16]李吉玫,张毓涛.塔里木盆地主要城市空气负离子浓度分布特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(6):172-176.
[17]卢杰,兰小中,罗建.林芝地区珍稀濒危藏药植物资源调查与评价[J].资源科学,2011,33(12):2362-2369.
[18]林旋,杨国强,张敏.林芝县旅游资源评价与开发建议[J].四川林勘设计,2013,(4):22-27.
[19]谢佳沥.生态环境部公布第二批国家生态文明建设示范市县[EB/OL].http://www.cenews.com.cn/news/201812/t20181214_889690.html,2018-12-14/2019-03-15.
[20]邵海荣,贺庆棠.森林与空气负离子[J].世界林业研究,2000,13(5):19-23.
[21]Kolarzp,Gaisbeiger M,Madl P,etal.Characterization of ions at Alpine Waterfalls[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and physics,2012,12(8):3687-3697.
[22]张生瑞,向宝惠,鞠洪润.龙胜各族自治县空气负离子资源的分布特征及开发策略[J].中国科学院大学学报,2016,33(3):365-372.
[23]曹梦露,程南洋.紫金山国家森林公园空气负离子变化监测及其保健价值开发[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(12):212-215.
[24]张毓涛,李吉玫.新疆主要城市不同生态功能区夏季空气负离子特征[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(6):865-874.
[25]历月桥,毕拥国.清西陵地区空气负离子分布规律的研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2008,31(3):46-50.
[26]潘剑彬,董丽,廖圣晓,等.北京奥林匹克森林公园空气负离子浓度及其影响因素[J].北京林业大学学报.2011(2):59-64.
[27]Hussein T,Ylijuuti T,Vartiainen E,et al.Indoor and outdoor air ions and aerosol particles in the urban atmosphere of Helsinki:characteristics,sources and formation[J].Boreal environment research,2007,12(3):295.
[28]刘晴,高鹏,李成等.泰安市典型生态功能区空气负离子的时空分布及影响因素分析[J].环境化学,2019,38(1):169-176.
[29]贺江华.天际岭国家森林公园空气负离子及其影响因子研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2014.
[30]王非,李冰,周蕴薇.城市森林公园空气负离子浓度与气象因子的相关性[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(2):18-20,38.
[31]曾曙才,苏志尧,陈北光.我国森林空气负离子研究进展[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(5):107-111.