金融可得性与异质性农户创业
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摘要
利用2016年CFPS调查中6782个农户微观数据,基于土地流转的角度,研究农村正规与非正规金融可得性对异质性农户创业的影响与作用机制。结果发现:正规与非正规金融的可得性,均对农户创业具有显著的促进作用;但对土地转入及土地转出两类异质性农户创业的作用呈现出显著的结构性差异,正规金融对促进土地转入农户创业的作用显著,而非正规金融则在促进土地转出农户创业中发挥更大作用。建议我国农村金融改革应充分考虑金融市场主体的差异性与资本逐利的本质特征,从市场化的角度探索金融创新,提高金融投入效率。
Based on the micro-data of 6,782 rural households in the 2016 CFPS survey,from the perspective of rural land transferring,we studied the impact and mechanism of rural formal and informal financial availability on heterogeneous farmers' entrepreneurship. The results show that the availability of both formal and informal finance plays a significant role in promoting rural entrepreneurship. The influence of financial availability shows significant structural differences in the process of farmers' heterogeneity: On the one hand,formal finance plays a significant role in promoting the entrepreneurship of farmers who have transferred land in; On the other hand,informal finance plays a greater role in promoting the entrepreneurship of farmers who have transferred their land out. This paper suggests that China's rural financial reform should fully consider the differences between financial market entities and the essential profit-seeking characteristics of financial capital as well as improve the efficiency of financial input under market mechanisms. Besides,we should explore financial innovation from a market perspective,and increase the financial efficiency.
Based on the micro-data of 6,782 rural households in the 2016 CFPS survey,from the perspective of rural land transferring,we studied the impact and mechanism of rural formal and informal financial availability on heterogeneous farmers' entrepreneurship. The results show that the availability of both formal and informal finance plays a significant role in promoting rural entrepreneurship. The influence of financial availability shows significant structural differences in the process of farmers' heterogeneity: On the one hand,formal finance plays a significant role in promoting the entrepreneurship of farmers who have transferred land in; On the other hand,informal finance plays a greater role in promoting the entrepreneurship of farmers who have transferred their land out. This paper suggests that China's rural financial reform should fully consider the differences between financial market entities and the essential profit-seeking characteristics of financial capital as well as improve the efficiency of financial input under market mechanisms. Besides,we should explore financial innovation from a market perspective,and increase the financial efficiency.
引文
[1]韩俊.农村新产业新业态的发展[J].中国金融,2017(3):19-21.
[2]EVANS S D,JOVANOVIC B. An estimated model of entrepreneurial choice under liquidity constraints[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1989(97):808-827.
[3]BIANCHI M. Credit constraint,entrepreneurial talent and economic development[J]. Small Business Economic,2010(1):93-104.
[4]KARAIVANOV A. Financial constraints and occupational choice in Thai villages[J]. Journal of Development Economics,2012(2):201-220.
[5]郝朝艳,平新乔,张海洋,等.农户的创业选择及其影响因素———来自“农村金融调查”的证据[J].中国农村经济. 2012(4):57-65.
[6]翁辰,张兵.信贷约束对中国农村家庭创业选择的影响———基于CHFS调查数据[J].经济科学,2015(6):92-102.
[7]程郁,罗丹.信贷约束下农户的创业选择———基于中国农户调查的实证分析[J].中国农村经济,2009(11):25-38
[8]LENSINK,PHAM. The impact of microcredit on self-employment profits in Vietnam[J]. Economics of Transition,2012(1):73-111
[9]FOLMERH H. Determinants of rural industrial entrepreneurship of farmers in west Bengal:a structural equations approach[J]. International Regional Science Review,2010(4):367-396.
[10]卢亚娟,张龙耀,许玉韫.金融可得性与农村家庭创业———基于CHARLS数据的实证研究[J].经济理论与经济管理,2014(10):89-99.
[11]张梓榆,温涛.金融双轨制与农户创业收入增长[J].财贸研究,2018(6):36-46.
[12]李祎雯,张兵.非正规金融对农村家庭创业的影响机制研究[J].经济科学,2016(2):93-105.
[13]李祎雯,张兵.非正规金融与农村家庭创业成效:影响效应及作用机理[J].农业技术经济,2018(12):4-17.
[14]刘新智,刘雨姗,刘雨松.金融支持对农户创业的影响及其空间差异分析————基于CFPS2014数据的研究[J].宏观经济研究,2017(11):41-47.
[15]刘雨松,钱文荣.正规、非正规金融对农户创业决策及创业绩效的影响————基于替代效应的视角[J].经济经纬,2018(3):41-47.
[16]HAN LINGHUI,DENISE HARE. The link between credit markets and self-employment choice among households in rural China[J]. Journal of Asian Economics,2013(26):52-64.
[17]杨军,张龙耀,姜岩.社区金融资源、家庭融资与农户创业———基于CHARLS调查数据[J].农业技术经济,2013(11):71-79.
[18]毕国华,杨庆媛,张晶渝,程小于.改革开放40年:中国农村土地制度改革变迁与未来重点方向思考[J].中国土地科学,2018(1):1-7.
[19]张梓榆,温涛,王小华.“新常态”下中国农贷市场供求关系的重新解读———基于农户分化视角[J].农业技术经济,2018(4):54-64.
[20]苏岚岚,何学松,孔荣.金融知识对农民农地抵押贷款需求的影响———基于农民分化、农地确权颁证的调节效应分析[J].中国农村经济,2017(11):75-89.
[21]梁虎,罗剑朝.农地抵押贷款参与、农户增收与家庭劳动力转移[J].改革,2019(3):106-117.
[22]林毅夫,孙希芳.信息、非正规金融与中小企业融资[J].经济研究,2005(7):35-44.
[23]韩喜平,金运.中国农村金融信用担保体系构建[J].农业经济问题,2014(3):37-43.
[24]彭艳玲,孔荣,Calum G.农村土地经营权抵押、流动性约束与农户差异性创业选择研究———基于陕、甘、豫、鲁1465份入户调查数据[J].农业技术经济,2016(5):50-59.
[25]马光荣,杨恩艳.社会网络、非正规金融与创业[J].经济研究,2011(3):83-94.
[26]何欣,蒋涛,郭良燕,等.中国农地流转市场的发展与农户流转农地行为研究———基于2013-2015年29省的农户调查数据[J].管理世界,2016(6):79-89.
(1)数据来源于国家市场监督管理总局。
(2)数据来源于国家市场监督管理总局,2016至2018年新登记注册的农民专业合作社数量分别为29. 6万户、27. 8万户、23. 1万户。
[2]EVANS S D,JOVANOVIC B. An estimated model of entrepreneurial choice under liquidity constraints[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1989(97):808-827.
[3]BIANCHI M. Credit constraint,entrepreneurial talent and economic development[J]. Small Business Economic,2010(1):93-104.
[4]KARAIVANOV A. Financial constraints and occupational choice in Thai villages[J]. Journal of Development Economics,2012(2):201-220.
[5]郝朝艳,平新乔,张海洋,等.农户的创业选择及其影响因素———来自“农村金融调查”的证据[J].中国农村经济. 2012(4):57-65.
[6]翁辰,张兵.信贷约束对中国农村家庭创业选择的影响———基于CHFS调查数据[J].经济科学,2015(6):92-102.
[7]程郁,罗丹.信贷约束下农户的创业选择———基于中国农户调查的实证分析[J].中国农村经济,2009(11):25-38
[8]LENSINK,PHAM. The impact of microcredit on self-employment profits in Vietnam[J]. Economics of Transition,2012(1):73-111
[9]FOLMERH H. Determinants of rural industrial entrepreneurship of farmers in west Bengal:a structural equations approach[J]. International Regional Science Review,2010(4):367-396.
[10]卢亚娟,张龙耀,许玉韫.金融可得性与农村家庭创业———基于CHARLS数据的实证研究[J].经济理论与经济管理,2014(10):89-99.
[11]张梓榆,温涛.金融双轨制与农户创业收入增长[J].财贸研究,2018(6):36-46.
[12]李祎雯,张兵.非正规金融对农村家庭创业的影响机制研究[J].经济科学,2016(2):93-105.
[13]李祎雯,张兵.非正规金融与农村家庭创业成效:影响效应及作用机理[J].农业技术经济,2018(12):4-17.
[14]刘新智,刘雨姗,刘雨松.金融支持对农户创业的影响及其空间差异分析————基于CFPS2014数据的研究[J].宏观经济研究,2017(11):41-47.
[15]刘雨松,钱文荣.正规、非正规金融对农户创业决策及创业绩效的影响————基于替代效应的视角[J].经济经纬,2018(3):41-47.
[16]HAN LINGHUI,DENISE HARE. The link between credit markets and self-employment choice among households in rural China[J]. Journal of Asian Economics,2013(26):52-64.
[17]杨军,张龙耀,姜岩.社区金融资源、家庭融资与农户创业———基于CHARLS调查数据[J].农业技术经济,2013(11):71-79.
[18]毕国华,杨庆媛,张晶渝,程小于.改革开放40年:中国农村土地制度改革变迁与未来重点方向思考[J].中国土地科学,2018(1):1-7.
[19]张梓榆,温涛,王小华.“新常态”下中国农贷市场供求关系的重新解读———基于农户分化视角[J].农业技术经济,2018(4):54-64.
[20]苏岚岚,何学松,孔荣.金融知识对农民农地抵押贷款需求的影响———基于农民分化、农地确权颁证的调节效应分析[J].中国农村经济,2017(11):75-89.
[21]梁虎,罗剑朝.农地抵押贷款参与、农户增收与家庭劳动力转移[J].改革,2019(3):106-117.
[22]林毅夫,孙希芳.信息、非正规金融与中小企业融资[J].经济研究,2005(7):35-44.
[23]韩喜平,金运.中国农村金融信用担保体系构建[J].农业经济问题,2014(3):37-43.
[24]彭艳玲,孔荣,Calum G.农村土地经营权抵押、流动性约束与农户差异性创业选择研究———基于陕、甘、豫、鲁1465份入户调查数据[J].农业技术经济,2016(5):50-59.
[25]马光荣,杨恩艳.社会网络、非正规金融与创业[J].经济研究,2011(3):83-94.
[26]何欣,蒋涛,郭良燕,等.中国农地流转市场的发展与农户流转农地行为研究———基于2013-2015年29省的农户调查数据[J].管理世界,2016(6):79-89.
(1)数据来源于国家市场监督管理总局。
(2)数据来源于国家市场监督管理总局,2016至2018年新登记注册的农民专业合作社数量分别为29. 6万户、27. 8万户、23. 1万户。