重金属污染土壤修复技术研究进展
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摘要
随着工业的不断发展,土壤重金属污染形势严峻,不仅会破坏生态系统,还会危及人们生命健康,故对重金属污染的土壤进行有效修复具有实践意义。介绍了近年来重金属污染土壤修复技术特点,包括生物修复技术(动物修复技术、植物修复技术、微生物修复技术)、化学修复技术、物理修复技术(电修复、玻璃化技术、热修复法、换土法)、组合修复技术(植物-微生物联合修复技术、骨炭-沸石联合修复技术、生物电化学修复技术),并比较了主要修复技术的特点及适用范围。提出发展生物与其他修复方法联合技术将成为重金属土壤修复技术的新趋势,如何使修复后的土壤重新具有使用价值是目前有待解决的问题。
With the continuous development of industry, the situation of heavy metal pollution in soil is very serious, which will not only damage the ecosystem, but also endanger people's life and health. Therefore, it is practical to effectively repair the soil contaminated by heavy metals. The characteristics of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation technology in recent years were introduced, including bioremediation technology(animal restoration technology, phytoremediation technology, microbial remediation technology), chemical remediation technology, physical remediation technology(electricity repair, vitrification technology, heat repair method, exchange soil method), combined repair technology(plant-microbial combined repair technology, bone charcoal-zeolite combined repair technology, bioelectrochemical repair technology), and the characteristics and application scope of the main repair technologies were compared. It was proposed that the development of combined technology of biological and other restoration methods will become a new trend of heavy metal soil remediation technology and how to make the restored soil re-use value is a problem to be solved.
With the continuous development of industry, the situation of heavy metal pollution in soil is very serious, which will not only damage the ecosystem, but also endanger people's life and health. Therefore, it is practical to effectively repair the soil contaminated by heavy metals. The characteristics of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation technology in recent years were introduced, including bioremediation technology(animal restoration technology, phytoremediation technology, microbial remediation technology), chemical remediation technology, physical remediation technology(electricity repair, vitrification technology, heat repair method, exchange soil method), combined repair technology(plant-microbial combined repair technology, bone charcoal-zeolite combined repair technology, bioelectrochemical repair technology), and the characteristics and application scope of the main repair technologies were compared. It was proposed that the development of combined technology of biological and other restoration methods will become a new trend of heavy metal soil remediation technology and how to make the restored soil re-use value is a problem to be solved.
引文
[1]肖康,胡杰,崔岩山.复合药剂对不同类型重金属污染土壤的固化修复[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(2):660-664.
[2]中华人民共和国环境保护部.中华人民共和国国土资源部.全国土壤污染状况调查公报[R].
[3]刘宇.重金属污染土壤修复技术及其修复实践[J].中国高新技术企业,2014(17):55-56.
[4]卢伟.探讨动植物联合修复技术用于重金属复合污染土壤修复中的方法[J].大科技,2016(20):293-294.
[5]石润,吴晓芙,李芸,等.应用于重金属污染土壤植物修复中的植物种类[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015(4):139-146.
[6] Brooks R R. plants that hyperaccumulate heavy metals[J]. CABInternational, 1989(1):1-2.
[7] Baker A J M, Proctor J. The influence of cadmium, copper, leadand zinc on the distribution and evolution of metal lophytes in theBritish Isles[J]. Plant System Evolution, 1990, 173:91-108.
[8] Muhammad Zia ur Rehman, Muhammad Rizwan, Shafaqat Ali, etal. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils by usingSolanum nigrum:A review[J]. Ecotoxicology and EnvironmentalSafety, 2017, 143:89-101.
[9]骆永明.重金属污染土壤的植物修复[J].土壤,1999(6):261-280.
[10] Baker A J M, Brooks R R, Pease A J, et al. Studies on copper andcobalt tolerance in three closely related taxa with in the genusSilence L.(Caryophyllaceae)from Zaire[J]. Plant and Soil, 1983(73):377-385.
[11]郜雅静,李建华,靳东升,等.重金属污染土壤的微生物修复技术探讨[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(1):150-154.
[12] Kandeler E, Luftenegger G, Schwarz S. Influence of heavy metalson the functional communities[J]. Bilogy and Fertility of Soils,1997(23):299-306.
[13]王永强,肖立中,李伯威,等.骨炭+沸石对重金属污染土壤的修复效果及评价[J].农业环境与发展,2010,27(3):90-93.
[14] Mc Gowen S L, Basta N T, Brown G O. Use of diammonium phos-phate to reduce heavy metal solubility and transport in smeltercontaminated soil[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2001, 30(2):493-500.
[15]杨生权.蚯蚓与生物质炭联合作用对土壤吸附铅的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(2):246-250.
[16]王永强,肖立中,李伯威,等.骨炭+沸石对重金属污染土壤的修复效果及评价[J].农业环境与发展,2010,27(3):90-93.
[17]王鑫.铬污染土壤的修复技术研究综述[J].环境工程,2015,33(S1):847-849.
[18]彭忠利,陈鸿雁.新型ED3A类螯合性表面活性剂淋洗修复重金属污染土壤的研究[J].环境保护前沿,2018,8(1):19-28.
[19] Acar Y B, Gale R J, Alshawabkeh A N, et al. Electrokinetic reme-diation:basics and technology status. Journal of Hazardousmaterials, 1995, 40:117-137.
[20] Virkutyte J, Sillanpaa M, Latostenmaa P. Electrokinetic soil reme-diation-critical overview[J]. The Science of the Total Environment,2002,289:97-121.
[21]金春姬,李鸿江.电动力学法修复土壤环境重金属污染的研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2004(5):341-344,365-316.
[22]李永涛,吴启堂.土壤污染治理方法研究[J].农业环境保护,1997(3):118-122,144.
[23]王京秀,张志勇,万云洋,等.植物-微生物联合修复石油污染土壤的实验研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3 454-3 460.
[24]陈苏,陈宁,晁雷,等.土霉素、镉复合污染土壤的植物-微生物联合修复实验研究[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(9):1 554-1 559.
[25]王丽萍,郭光霞,华素兰,等.丛枝菌根真菌-植物对石油污染土壤修复实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(01):91-95.
[26]杨生权.蚯蚓与生物质炭联合作用对土壤吸附铅的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(2):246-250.
[27]王永强,肖立中,李伯威,等.骨炭+沸石对重金属污染土壤的修复效果及评价[J].农业环境与发展,2010,27(3):90-93.
[2]中华人民共和国环境保护部.中华人民共和国国土资源部.全国土壤污染状况调查公报[R].
[3]刘宇.重金属污染土壤修复技术及其修复实践[J].中国高新技术企业,2014(17):55-56.
[4]卢伟.探讨动植物联合修复技术用于重金属复合污染土壤修复中的方法[J].大科技,2016(20):293-294.
[5]石润,吴晓芙,李芸,等.应用于重金属污染土壤植物修复中的植物种类[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015(4):139-146.
[6] Brooks R R. plants that hyperaccumulate heavy metals[J]. CABInternational, 1989(1):1-2.
[7] Baker A J M, Proctor J. The influence of cadmium, copper, leadand zinc on the distribution and evolution of metal lophytes in theBritish Isles[J]. Plant System Evolution, 1990, 173:91-108.
[8] Muhammad Zia ur Rehman, Muhammad Rizwan, Shafaqat Ali, etal. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils by usingSolanum nigrum:A review[J]. Ecotoxicology and EnvironmentalSafety, 2017, 143:89-101.
[9]骆永明.重金属污染土壤的植物修复[J].土壤,1999(6):261-280.
[10] Baker A J M, Brooks R R, Pease A J, et al. Studies on copper andcobalt tolerance in three closely related taxa with in the genusSilence L.(Caryophyllaceae)from Zaire[J]. Plant and Soil, 1983(73):377-385.
[11]郜雅静,李建华,靳东升,等.重金属污染土壤的微生物修复技术探讨[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(1):150-154.
[12] Kandeler E, Luftenegger G, Schwarz S. Influence of heavy metalson the functional communities[J]. Bilogy and Fertility of Soils,1997(23):299-306.
[13]王永强,肖立中,李伯威,等.骨炭+沸石对重金属污染土壤的修复效果及评价[J].农业环境与发展,2010,27(3):90-93.
[14] Mc Gowen S L, Basta N T, Brown G O. Use of diammonium phos-phate to reduce heavy metal solubility and transport in smeltercontaminated soil[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2001, 30(2):493-500.
[15]杨生权.蚯蚓与生物质炭联合作用对土壤吸附铅的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(2):246-250.
[16]王永强,肖立中,李伯威,等.骨炭+沸石对重金属污染土壤的修复效果及评价[J].农业环境与发展,2010,27(3):90-93.
[17]王鑫.铬污染土壤的修复技术研究综述[J].环境工程,2015,33(S1):847-849.
[18]彭忠利,陈鸿雁.新型ED3A类螯合性表面活性剂淋洗修复重金属污染土壤的研究[J].环境保护前沿,2018,8(1):19-28.
[19] Acar Y B, Gale R J, Alshawabkeh A N, et al. Electrokinetic reme-diation:basics and technology status. Journal of Hazardousmaterials, 1995, 40:117-137.
[20] Virkutyte J, Sillanpaa M, Latostenmaa P. Electrokinetic soil reme-diation-critical overview[J]. The Science of the Total Environment,2002,289:97-121.
[21]金春姬,李鸿江.电动力学法修复土壤环境重金属污染的研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2004(5):341-344,365-316.
[22]李永涛,吴启堂.土壤污染治理方法研究[J].农业环境保护,1997(3):118-122,144.
[23]王京秀,张志勇,万云洋,等.植物-微生物联合修复石油污染土壤的实验研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3 454-3 460.
[24]陈苏,陈宁,晁雷,等.土霉素、镉复合污染土壤的植物-微生物联合修复实验研究[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(9):1 554-1 559.
[25]王丽萍,郭光霞,华素兰,等.丛枝菌根真菌-植物对石油污染土壤修复实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(01):91-95.
[26]杨生权.蚯蚓与生物质炭联合作用对土壤吸附铅的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(2):246-250.
[27]王永强,肖立中,李伯威,等.骨炭+沸石对重金属污染土壤的修复效果及评价[J].农业环境与发展,2010,27(3):90-93.