广元植烟土壤有效态微量元素的空间变异特征及影响因素
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摘要
为揭示广元植烟区土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异特征及影响因素,采用地统计学、相关分析及回归分析等研究方法,结合地理信息系统(GIS)技术对研究区土壤有效铁、锰、铜、锌钼及硼等6种土壤有效态微量元素进行分析。结果表明,研究区土壤有效铁、锰及铜含量丰富,总体处于中等以上水平;有效钼含量适中;有效锌和硼缺乏,总体处于缺乏或极度缺乏水平。半方差分析表明,6种土壤有效态微量元素块金系数均在29.72%~67.59%之间,具有中等强度的空间自相关性,其空间变异受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响。空间分布上,土壤有效铁、锰、铜及钼含量表现出北高南低的空间分布趋势,土壤有效锌和硼含量呈现出西高东低的空间分布格局。影响因素分析表明,6种土壤有效态微量元素与土壤有机质呈正相关,与p H值呈负相关,相关性总体高于地形因子。土壤有机质对有效铁、铜、锌及硼有极显著影响,其空间变异性为5.5%~27.2%。除有效锌外,土壤p H值对其余5种土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异均有极显著影响,其空间变异性为5.0%~30.4%。土类对土壤有效铁、锰及铜有极显著影响,其空间变异性8.4%~12.3%。熟制和种植制度对6种土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异的影响较弱,进一步说明研究区土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响,但结构性因素的作用强于随机性因素。本研究结果为广元植烟区土壤微肥施肥管理及优质烤烟栽培提供了可靠的参考依据。
Six soil available microelement contents( available Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo and B) were analyzed as well as their influencing factors using geostatistics,correction analysis,regression analysis and GIS technology to reveal their spatial variability and influencing factors. The results indicated that soil available Fe,Mn,and Cu were rich in the study area over the medium level on the whole; available Zn and B contents were lacking at a poor level while available Zn content was at the medium level. Semi-variance analysis showed the ratio of nugget to sill of the six soil available microelements ranged from 29. 72% to 67. 59% with a moderate spatial autocorrelation indicating that the spatial variability of the six soil available microelement contents were affected by structural and random factors. For the spatial distribution,soil available Fe,Mn,Cu and Mo contents displayed the similar distribution tendency with a high content in north and low in south and available Zn and B showed a similar distribution tendency with a high content in west and low in east. Influencing factors analysis showed the six microelement contents were positively correlated with soil organic matter and negatively correlated with p H value,and the correlation between soil available microelement contents and main nutrient was higher than terrain factors. Soil organic matter had extremely significant impact on the spatial variability of soil available Fe,Cu,Zn and B,and can explain 5. 5% ~ 27. 2% of the variability for the four soil available microelements. Except available Zn,soil p H value had extremely significant influence on the spatial variability of the other soil available microelements,and the explanatory ability of soil p H value was between 5. 0% and 30. 4%.Soil type had extremely significant impact on the spatial variability of available Fe,Mn and Cu,and the explanatory ability of soil type is between 8. 4% and 12. 3%. In contrary,cooked and cropping system had weaker effect on the spatial variability of the six soil available microelements than soil organic matter,p H value and soil type,indicating that the spatial variability of soil available microelement contents were affected by structural and random factors while the effect of structural factors played a more important role than random factors in the study area. This result can provide a reasonable reference for soil fertilization management of microelements and high quality tobacco cultivation in Guangyuan tobacco growing area.
Six soil available microelement contents( available Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo and B) were analyzed as well as their influencing factors using geostatistics,correction analysis,regression analysis and GIS technology to reveal their spatial variability and influencing factors. The results indicated that soil available Fe,Mn,and Cu were rich in the study area over the medium level on the whole; available Zn and B contents were lacking at a poor level while available Zn content was at the medium level. Semi-variance analysis showed the ratio of nugget to sill of the six soil available microelements ranged from 29. 72% to 67. 59% with a moderate spatial autocorrelation indicating that the spatial variability of the six soil available microelement contents were affected by structural and random factors. For the spatial distribution,soil available Fe,Mn,Cu and Mo contents displayed the similar distribution tendency with a high content in north and low in south and available Zn and B showed a similar distribution tendency with a high content in west and low in east. Influencing factors analysis showed the six microelement contents were positively correlated with soil organic matter and negatively correlated with p H value,and the correlation between soil available microelement contents and main nutrient was higher than terrain factors. Soil organic matter had extremely significant impact on the spatial variability of soil available Fe,Cu,Zn and B,and can explain 5. 5% ~ 27. 2% of the variability for the four soil available microelements. Except available Zn,soil p H value had extremely significant influence on the spatial variability of the other soil available microelements,and the explanatory ability of soil p H value was between 5. 0% and 30. 4%.Soil type had extremely significant impact on the spatial variability of available Fe,Mn and Cu,and the explanatory ability of soil type is between 8. 4% and 12. 3%. In contrary,cooked and cropping system had weaker effect on the spatial variability of the six soil available microelements than soil organic matter,p H value and soil type,indicating that the spatial variability of soil available microelement contents were affected by structural and random factors while the effect of structural factors played a more important role than random factors in the study area. This result can provide a reasonable reference for soil fertilization management of microelements and high quality tobacco cultivation in Guangyuan tobacco growing area.
引文
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[15]黎根,吴风光,汪健,王海明,王豹祥,王林.植烟土壤有效态微量元素分析评价及对策[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(增刊):87-92
[16]李强,周冀衡,张永安,吴立柱,张拯研,张一扬,解燕,刘加红.曲靖植烟土壤有效微量元素的空间变异和影响因子[J].烟草科技,2013(10):63-67,79
[17]赵爽,许自成,解燕,卢秀萍,刘加红,邓建华.曲靖市植烟土壤有效锌含量状况及与土壤因素的关系分析[J].中国烟草学报,2013,19(1):26-31
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[19]王影影,梁洪波,徐宜民,董建新,王程栋,张继光,彭东,李哲,包自超,王海云.山东典型植烟土壤微量元素有效态含量研究[J].土壤,2014,46(1):172-177
[20]陶晓秋,夏林,黄玫.四川省植烟土壤有效态微量元素含量评价及施肥探讨[J].烟草科技,2003(11):43-45
[21]张隆伟,伍仁军,王昌全,张倩,李冰,李启权,卞建锋,刘扬.四川凉攀烟区植烟土壤有效铜和有效锌空间变异特征[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(3):1-6
[22]王永豪,王昌全,李冰,李启权,杜宣延.凉山会理植烟土壤微量元素特征及其影响因素[J].烟草科技,2015,48(12):20-26
[23]高鹏,付同刚,王克林,陈洪松,曾馥平.喀斯特峰丛洼地小流域表层土壤微量元素的空间异质性[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(8):2133-2139
[24]董国涛,罗格平,许文强,谌莉.三工河流域下游绿洲土壤微量元素有效含量空间变异特征[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(4):862-869
[25]王小兵,周冀衡,李强,刘晓颖,尹光庭,王斌,解燕.曲靖烟区海拔高度分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系[J].烟草科技,2013(11):86-90
[26]江厚龙,张保全,李钠钾,杨超,许安定,王红锋,陈益银,石孝均.重庆植烟土壤有效养分含量及其影响因素[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(5):67-73
[27]周炼川,徐天养,张家征,李鹏飞,沈燕金,陈庭慧.文山烟区植烟土壤p H分布特点及其与主要养分的相关关系[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(1):61-64
[28]李玲,张少凯,吴克宁,杨素勤,杜丽伟.基于土壤系统分类的河南省土壤有机质时空变异[J].土壤学报,2015,52(5):979-990
[2]王新中,樊在斗,李再光,户艳霞,孙军伟,邹加明,徐发华.大理州植烟土壤有效锌分布特征及其影响因素分析[J].烟草科技,2015,48(8):11-14
[3]常栋,徐明康,王勇,钱宇,刘挺,叶协锋,刘国顺.缓坡植烟田土壤微量元素的空间变异特征[J].中国烟草学报,2012,18(3):34-41
[4]李永富,邓小华,宾波,张光利,邹凯,于庆涛,戴勇强.湖南省邵阳烟区土壤有效锌含量时空特征及其影响因素[J].中国烟草学报,2015,21(1):53-59
[5]Li Q,Zhou J H,Zhang Y Y,Tao W F,Zhang Z Y,Xie Y,Liu XY.Study on spatial distribution of soil available microelement in Qujing tobacco farming area,China[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2011,10(Part A):185-191
[6]李卫,周冀衡,赵松义,张一扬,李晓忠,杨虹琦,柳均,汤若云.湖南烟区土壤有效态微量元素分布特征及评价[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,35(4):373-377
[7]唐杰,王昌全,李启权,李冰,易云亮.川北植烟土壤有机质和全氮空间变异研究[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(5):42-48
[8]周星,彭毅,吴绍军,顾会战,刘雷.剑阁县植烟土壤养分的空间变异研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(1):89-89
[9]余垚颖,王明富,顾会战,郭应菊,喻晓,杨雪.广元植烟区土壤养分空间分布特征研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(12):252-256
[10]庞夙,陶晓秋,黄玫,叶利华,张海燕,杨雪,韶济明.四川省植烟区土壤肥力评价[J].中国烟草科学,2013,34(1):40-44
[11]王永豪,王昌全,李启权,李斌,何玉婷,金明清,陈林,陈玉蓝.川北烟区土壤有效磷空间变异特征及主控因素[J].核农学报2016,30(12):2425-2433
[12]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1999:166-187
[13]吴德勇,张新,李启权,张维,罗由林,代天飞,冯文颖.德阳旌阳区土壤氮素空间变异特征及影响因素分析[J].农业现代化研究,2014,35(6):814-820
[14]罗由林,李启权,王昌全,张新,张维,贾荔,袁大刚,吴德勇.四川省仁寿县土壤有机碳空间分布特征及其主控因素[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(1):34-42
[15]黎根,吴风光,汪健,王海明,王豹祥,王林.植烟土壤有效态微量元素分析评价及对策[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(增刊):87-92
[16]李强,周冀衡,张永安,吴立柱,张拯研,张一扬,解燕,刘加红.曲靖植烟土壤有效微量元素的空间变异和影响因子[J].烟草科技,2013(10):63-67,79
[17]赵爽,许自成,解燕,卢秀萍,刘加红,邓建华.曲靖市植烟土壤有效锌含量状况及与土壤因素的关系分析[J].中国烟草学报,2013,19(1):26-31
[18]黎娟,邓小华,王建波,覃勇,刘卉,田峰,张黎明.喀斯特地区植烟土壤有效硼含量分布及其影响因素---以湘西州烟区为例[J].土壤,2013,45(6):1055-1061
[19]王影影,梁洪波,徐宜民,董建新,王程栋,张继光,彭东,李哲,包自超,王海云.山东典型植烟土壤微量元素有效态含量研究[J].土壤,2014,46(1):172-177
[20]陶晓秋,夏林,黄玫.四川省植烟土壤有效态微量元素含量评价及施肥探讨[J].烟草科技,2003(11):43-45
[21]张隆伟,伍仁军,王昌全,张倩,李冰,李启权,卞建锋,刘扬.四川凉攀烟区植烟土壤有效铜和有效锌空间变异特征[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(3):1-6
[22]王永豪,王昌全,李冰,李启权,杜宣延.凉山会理植烟土壤微量元素特征及其影响因素[J].烟草科技,2015,48(12):20-26
[23]高鹏,付同刚,王克林,陈洪松,曾馥平.喀斯特峰丛洼地小流域表层土壤微量元素的空间异质性[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(8):2133-2139
[24]董国涛,罗格平,许文强,谌莉.三工河流域下游绿洲土壤微量元素有效含量空间变异特征[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(4):862-869
[25]王小兵,周冀衡,李强,刘晓颖,尹光庭,王斌,解燕.曲靖烟区海拔高度分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系[J].烟草科技,2013(11):86-90
[26]江厚龙,张保全,李钠钾,杨超,许安定,王红锋,陈益银,石孝均.重庆植烟土壤有效养分含量及其影响因素[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(5):67-73
[27]周炼川,徐天养,张家征,李鹏飞,沈燕金,陈庭慧.文山烟区植烟土壤p H分布特点及其与主要养分的相关关系[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(1):61-64
[28]李玲,张少凯,吴克宁,杨素勤,杜丽伟.基于土壤系统分类的河南省土壤有机质时空变异[J].土壤学报,2015,52(5):979-990