瑞典的水环境保护经验及对我国的启示
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摘要
介绍了瑞典的水环境保护法规政策、水环境保护机构、污水处理体系及其在水环境保护方面的特色做法。结合目前我国水环境管理所处的阶段,从顶层设计、宣传教育、项目管理、污染防治等方面,总结了瑞典经验对我国水环境保护工作的启示。
This paper expounded the experience of water environment protection in Sweden upon regulations and policies,water environment protection agencies,sewage treatment facilities,and special practices in the protection work. Considered with the present stage of water environment management in China,this paper summarized the inspiration from Swedish experience on our country water environment management,in aspects of toplevel design,propaganda and education,project management,pollution prevention etc.
This paper expounded the experience of water environment protection in Sweden upon regulations and policies,water environment protection agencies,sewage treatment facilities,and special practices in the protection work. Considered with the present stage of water environment management in China,this paper summarized the inspiration from Swedish experience on our country water environment management,in aspects of toplevel design,propaganda and education,project management,pollution prevention etc.
引文
[1]刘琰,TYSKLIND M,韩梅,等.瑞典市政污水处理的管理措施及启示[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(2):81-85.
[2]刘鸿志,陈永清,任隆江.瑞典之行———记瑞典的水环境保护[J].世界环境,1999(1):24-25.
[3] Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Sweden's environment problems and protection(1960—2010)[R]. Stockholm:CM Gruppen,2011.
[4]郭婧.北欧小国何以成为环境大国[N].中国环境报,2015-04-16(004).
[5]丁言强.瑞典环境保护的政策与目标[J].生态经济,2007(6):45-49.
[6] Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Environmental quality objectives[EB/OL].[2018-12-17]. http://www. miljomal.nu/english/objectives. php.
[7] Swedish Government Ministry of the Environment. The Swedishenvironmental objectives———Interim targets and action strategies(Government Bill 2000/01:130)[S/OL].[2018-12-17]. http://www. regeringen. se/content/1/c4/11/97/2aa978ad. pdf.
[8]杨聪辉.德国丹麦瑞典水资源管理及水环境保护的经验与启示[J].珠江现代建设,2018(3):9-12.
[9]杨居凤,冯明义,雷静,等.瑞典与中国的环境管理体制比较[J].产业与科技论坛,2008,7(11):250-252.
[10]李挚萍.可持续发展原则基石上的环境法法典化———瑞典《环境法典》评析[J].学术研究,2006(12):69-74.
[11]高龙,乔根平.瑞典的水治理目标体系和政策及其对我国的启示[J].中国水利,2016(17):52-56.
[12] Swedish Water&Wastewater Association. Diverting of drainage and waste water:Functional requirements,hydraulic dimensioning and design of general sewage systems[R]. Stockholm:SWWA,2016.
[13] LUNDIN E,MALM A,SVENSSON G. Private house entries for drinking water,waste water and daywater———so long they are[R]. Stockholm:SWWA,2017.
[14] Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Wastewater treatment in Sweden 2016[R]. Stockholm:Arkitektkopia,2017.
[15] ANDERBERG S. Western Harbor in Malmo[C]//NAN S,REILLY J,KLASS F. ISOCARP review 11:Netherland.[S. l.]:ISOCARP,2015:210-227.
[16]胡子祎,房岩,孙刚,等.瑞典的环境教育特点及其对我国的启示[J].长春师范学院学报,2013,32(12):133-134.
[17]杨万仁.瑞典的环境教育及启示[J].宁夏教育,2007(4):64-65.
[18]叶心仪.瑞典科技评估现状和运行规制[J].全球科技经济瞭望,1998(11):43-44.
[19]孙忠,沈俏会,董萍,等.近十年浙江省地表水环境质量变化趋势及影响因素研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2018,30(4):23-26.
[20]吴俭,邓一荣,肖荣波,等.当前我国污染地块环境管理存在的问题与对策探析[J].环境监测管理与技术,2018,30(3):1-3.
[2]刘鸿志,陈永清,任隆江.瑞典之行———记瑞典的水环境保护[J].世界环境,1999(1):24-25.
[3] Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Sweden's environment problems and protection(1960—2010)[R]. Stockholm:CM Gruppen,2011.
[4]郭婧.北欧小国何以成为环境大国[N].中国环境报,2015-04-16(004).
[5]丁言强.瑞典环境保护的政策与目标[J].生态经济,2007(6):45-49.
[6] Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Environmental quality objectives[EB/OL].[2018-12-17]. http://www. miljomal.nu/english/objectives. php.
[7] Swedish Government Ministry of the Environment. The Swedishenvironmental objectives———Interim targets and action strategies(Government Bill 2000/01:130)[S/OL].[2018-12-17]. http://www. regeringen. se/content/1/c4/11/97/2aa978ad. pdf.
[8]杨聪辉.德国丹麦瑞典水资源管理及水环境保护的经验与启示[J].珠江现代建设,2018(3):9-12.
[9]杨居凤,冯明义,雷静,等.瑞典与中国的环境管理体制比较[J].产业与科技论坛,2008,7(11):250-252.
[10]李挚萍.可持续发展原则基石上的环境法法典化———瑞典《环境法典》评析[J].学术研究,2006(12):69-74.
[11]高龙,乔根平.瑞典的水治理目标体系和政策及其对我国的启示[J].中国水利,2016(17):52-56.
[12] Swedish Water&Wastewater Association. Diverting of drainage and waste water:Functional requirements,hydraulic dimensioning and design of general sewage systems[R]. Stockholm:SWWA,2016.
[13] LUNDIN E,MALM A,SVENSSON G. Private house entries for drinking water,waste water and daywater———so long they are[R]. Stockholm:SWWA,2017.
[14] Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Wastewater treatment in Sweden 2016[R]. Stockholm:Arkitektkopia,2017.
[15] ANDERBERG S. Western Harbor in Malmo[C]//NAN S,REILLY J,KLASS F. ISOCARP review 11:Netherland.[S. l.]:ISOCARP,2015:210-227.
[16]胡子祎,房岩,孙刚,等.瑞典的环境教育特点及其对我国的启示[J].长春师范学院学报,2013,32(12):133-134.
[17]杨万仁.瑞典的环境教育及启示[J].宁夏教育,2007(4):64-65.
[18]叶心仪.瑞典科技评估现状和运行规制[J].全球科技经济瞭望,1998(11):43-44.
[19]孙忠,沈俏会,董萍,等.近十年浙江省地表水环境质量变化趋势及影响因素研究[J].环境监测管理与技术,2018,30(4):23-26.
[20]吴俭,邓一荣,肖荣波,等.当前我国污染地块环境管理存在的问题与对策探析[J].环境监测管理与技术,2018,30(3):1-3.