作物对土壤压实胁迫响应研究进展
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摘要
作物要获得优质高产,不仅需要适宜的水肥条件还需要适宜的土壤结构。而土壤压实后容重升高导致土壤理化性状和土壤微生物种类及结构发生改变,影响土壤养分的有效性,造成多数土壤酶活性、土壤生物数量降低,使植物生长发育受阻、生物产量降低,进而影响作物的正常生长发育。本文综述了土壤压实胁迫形成的原因和其对土壤环境、作物的危害,及作物生理对土壤压实胁迫的响应机理等方面研究进展,并在此基础上对土壤压实胁迫下一步的研究方向进行了展望。
To gain good quality and high production of crops, it needs not only suitable water and fertilizer conditions but also suitable soil structure. The soil compaction causes bulk density increasing. Furthermore, it leads to the soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbial species and structure changing, including affecting the available nutrient contents, reducing the soil enzyme activities and the number of soil biota, hindering the plant growth and development and reducing the biological yield. Thus, it further influences the normal growth of crops. In the study, we reviewed the forming reason of soil compaction stress and its harmful effects on soil environment and crops,and also the response mechanism of crops to soil compaction;and then we prospected the next research direction of soil compaction stress.
To gain good quality and high production of crops, it needs not only suitable water and fertilizer conditions but also suitable soil structure. The soil compaction causes bulk density increasing. Furthermore, it leads to the soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbial species and structure changing, including affecting the available nutrient contents, reducing the soil enzyme activities and the number of soil biota, hindering the plant growth and development and reducing the biological yield. Thus, it further influences the normal growth of crops. In the study, we reviewed the forming reason of soil compaction stress and its harmful effects on soil environment and crops,and also the response mechanism of crops to soil compaction;and then we prospected the next research direction of soil compaction stress.
引文
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[2] 胡伟,张云伟,刘晶,等. 土壤压实胁迫对烟草前期生长的影响初报[J]. 热带作物学报,2013,34(2):249-253.
[3] 胡定宇. 土壤学[M]. 杨凌:天则出版社,1990:35-37.
[4] Hamza M A,Anderson W K. Soil compaction in cropping systems:a review of the nature,causes and possible solutions[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2005,82(2):121-145.
[5] Jorajuria D,Draghi L,Aragon A. The effect of vehicle weight on the distribution of compaction with depth and the yield of Lolium/Trifolium grassland[J]. Soil Till. Res.,1997,41(1):1-12.
[6] Van den Akker J J H,Stuiver H J. A sensitive method to measure and visualize deformation and compaction of the subsoil with a photographed point grid[J]. Soil and Tillage Res.,1989,14(3):209-217.
[7] H?kansson I,Petelkau H,Soane B D. Benefits of limited axle load[J]. Soil compaction in crop production,1994,11:479-499.
[8] Balbuen R H,Terminiello A M,Claverie J A,et al. Soil compaction by forestry harvester operation,evolution of physical properties[J]. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental,2000,4:453-459.
[9] Achim E S,Ricardo S R,Jose C B,et al . Effect of moisture and transit frequency on stress distribution on different soils[J]. Agro. Sur.,2000,28:60-68.
[10] Ansorge D,Godwin R J. The effect of tyres and a rubber track at high axle loads on soil compaction,part 1:single axle-studies[J]. Biosyst. Eng.,2007,98(1):115-126.
[11] Lipiec J,Ferrero A,Giovanetti V,et al. Response of structure to simulated trampling of woodland soil[J]. Adv. Geoecol.,2002,35:133-140.
[12] Medvedev V V,Cybulko W G. Soil criteria for assessing the maximum permissible ground pressure of agricultural vehicles on Chernozem soils[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,1995,36(3):153-164.
[13] H?kansson I,Lipiec J. A review of the usefulness of relative bulk density values in studies of soil structure and compaction[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2000,53(2):71-85.
[14] Pagliai M,Vignozzi N. The soil pore system as an indicator of soil quality[J]. Advances in Geo. Ecology,2002,35:69-80.
[15] Dexter A R. Advances in characterization of soil structure[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,1988,11(3/4):199-238.
[16] Boizard H,Yoon S W,Leonard J. Using a morphological approach to evaluate the effect of traffic and weather conditions on the structure of a loamy soil in reduced tillage[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2013,127:34-44.
[17] Koch H J,Heuer H,Tomanová O,et al. Cumulative effect of annually repeated passes of heavy agricultural machinery on soil structural properties and sugar beet yield under two tillage systems[J]. Soil Till.Res.,2008,101(1/2):69-77.
[18] Matthews G P,Laudone G M,Gregory A S,et al. Measurement and simulation of the effect of compaction on the pore structure and saturated hydraulic conductivity of grassland and arable soil[J]. Water Resour. Res.,2010,46(5):w05501.
[19] Radford B J,Bridge B J,Davis R J,et al. Changes in the properties of a vertisol and responses of wheat after compaction with harvester traffic[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2000,54(3):155-170.
[20] Pagliai M,Marsili A,Servadio P,et al. Changes in some physical properties of a clay soil in Central Italy following the passage of rubber tracked and wheeled tractors of medium power[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2003,73(1):119-129.
[21] Unger P W,Kaspar T C. Soil compaction and root growth:a review[J]. Agron. J., 1994,86(5):759-766.
[22] Devign C,Pierre M,Vanhee B. Impact of soil compaction on soil biodiversity-does it matter in urban context? [J]. Urban Ecosyst.,2016,19(3):1163-1178.
[23] Hamza M A,Anderson W K. Soil compaction in cropping systems:a review of the nature,causes and possible solutions[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2005,82(2):121-145.
[24] Tan X, Chang S X, Kabzems R. Soil compaction and forest floor removal reduced microbial biomass and enzyme activities in a boreal aspen forest soil[J]. Biol. Fertil. Soils.,2008,44(3):471-479.
[25] Licht M A,Al-Kaisi M. Strip-tillage effect on seedbed soil temperature and other soil physical properties[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2005,80 (1/2):233-249.
[26] Valentine T A,Hallett P D,Binnie K,et al. Soil strength and macropore volume limit root elongation rates in many UK agricultural soils[J]. Ann. Bot.,2012, 110(2):259-270.
[27] Bengough A G,McKenzie B M,Hallett P D,et al. Root elongation,water stress, and mechanical impedance:a review of limiting stresses and beneficial root tip traits[J]. J. Exp. Bot.,2011,62(1):59-68.
[28] Schmidt S,Gregory P J,Grinev D V,et al. Root elongation rate is correlated with the length of the bare root apex of maize and lupin roots despite contrasting responses of root growth to compact and dry soils[J]. Plant Soil, 2013,372(1/2):609-618.
[29] Lipiec J,Horn R,Pietrusiewicz J,et al. Effects of soil compaction on root elongation and anatomy of different cereal plant species[J]. Soil Tillage Res., 2012,121:74-81.
[30] de Moraes M T,Bengough A G,Debiasi H,et al. Mechanistic framework to link root growth models with weather and soil physical properties, including example applications to soybean growth in Brazil[J]. Plant and Soil, 2018,428(1/2):67-92.
[31] 刘晚苟,李良贤,谢海容,等. 土壤容重对野生香根草幼苗根系形态及其生物量的影响[J]. 草业学报,2015,24(4):214-220.
[32] 王玉萍,周晓洁,卢潇,等. 土壤紧实度对马铃薯根系、匍匐茎、产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国沙漠,2016,36(6):1590-1596.
[33] 孙曰波,赵兰勇,张玲. 土壤紧实度对玫瑰幼苗生长及根系氮代谢的影响[J]. 园艺学报,2011,38(9):1775-1780.
[34] Benigno S M,Cawthray G R,Dixon K W,et a1. Soil physical strength rather than excess ethylene reduces root elongation of Eucalyptus seedlings in mechanically impeded sandy soils[J]. Plant Growth Regulation,2012,68(2):261-270.
[35] Arvidsson J,H?kansson I. Response of different crops to soil compaction—Short-term effects in Swedish field experiments[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2014,138 :56-63.
[36] Czyz E A. Effects of traffic on soil aeration,bulk density and growth of Spring barley[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2004,79(2):153-166.
[37] Khan S R,Abbasi M K,Hussan A U. Effect of induced soil compaction on changes in soil properties and wheat productivity under sandy loam and sandy clay loam soils:a greenhouse experiment[J]. Commun. Soil Sci.Plant Anal.,2012,43(19): 2550-2563.
[38] Grzesiak S,Grzesiak M T, Hura T,et al. Changes in root system structure,leaf water potential and gas exchange of maize and triticale seedlings affected by soil compaction[J]. Environ. Exp. Bot.,2013,88:2-10.
[39] Arvidsson J,B?lenius E,Cavalieri K M V. Effects of compaction during drilling on yield of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) [J]. Eur. J. Agric.,2012,39:44-51.
[40] Chan K Y,Oates A,Swan A D,et al. Agronomic consequences of tractor wheel compaction on a clay soil[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2006,89(1):13-21.
[41] 曹娜,于海秋,王绍斌,等. 高产玉米群体的冠层结构及光合特性分析[J]. 玉米科学, 2006,14(5):94-97.
[42] 郑存德,依艳丽. 土壤容重对玉米光合特性的影响及调控研究[J]. 土壤学报,2012, 49(5):944-953.
[43] Andreas H,Walter R B,Alberto S,et al. Root morphology and photosynthetic performance of maize inbred lines at low temperature[J]. Europ. J. Agronomy,2007,27(1):52-61.
[44] 孙艳,王益权,杨梅,等. 土壤紧实胁迫对黄瓜根系活力和叶片光合作用的影响[J]. 植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(5):545-550.
[45] 王德玉,孙艳,郑俊鶱,等. 土壤紧实胁迫对黄瓜碳水化合物代谢的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(1):182-190.
[46] 杜国栋,郭修武,吕德国,等. 土壤紧实度对草莓光合特性及PSⅡ光化学活性的影响[J]. 果树学报,2010,27(4):542-546.
[47] 王群,李潮海,杨秋云,等. 下层土壤容重对玉米生育后期叶绿素荧光特性和产量的影响[J]. 河南农业大学学报,2008,42(5):473-478.
[48] 魏道智,宁书菊,林文雄. 小麦根系活力变化与叶片衰老的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004,15(9):1565-1569.
[49] 田桂香,汤绍虎,武敬亮,等. 干旱胁迫对黄连生理作用的影响[J]. 西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2006,31(2):133-136.
[50] 张向东,华智锐,邓寒霜. 土壤紧实胁迫对黄芩生长、产量及品质的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2014(3):7-11.
[51] 尚庆文,孔祥波,王玉霞,等. 土壤紧实度对生姜植株衰老的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2008,19(4):782-786.
[52] 张向东,邓寒霜,华智锐. 土壤紧实胁迫对桔梗生长、产量及品质的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(7):177-182.
[53] 刘晚苟,陈燕,山仑. 不同土壤水分条件下土壤容重对玉米木质部汁液中ABA浓度和气孔导度的影响[J]. 植物生理学通讯,2006,42(5):831-834.
[54] Place G,Bowman D,Burton M,et al. Root penetration through a high bulk density soil layer:differential response of a crop and weed species[J]. Plant Soil, 2008,307(1/2):179-190.
[55] Scharenbroch B C,Lloyd J E,Johnson-Maynard J L. Distinguishing urban soils with physical,chemical,and biological properties[J]. Pedobiologia,2005, 49(4):283-296. 山东 农业 科学 2019,51(1):161～167 Shandong Agricultural Sciences
[2] 胡伟,张云伟,刘晶,等. 土壤压实胁迫对烟草前期生长的影响初报[J]. 热带作物学报,2013,34(2):249-253.
[3] 胡定宇. 土壤学[M]. 杨凌:天则出版社,1990:35-37.
[4] Hamza M A,Anderson W K. Soil compaction in cropping systems:a review of the nature,causes and possible solutions[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2005,82(2):121-145.
[5] Jorajuria D,Draghi L,Aragon A. The effect of vehicle weight on the distribution of compaction with depth and the yield of Lolium/Trifolium grassland[J]. Soil Till. Res.,1997,41(1):1-12.
[6] Van den Akker J J H,Stuiver H J. A sensitive method to measure and visualize deformation and compaction of the subsoil with a photographed point grid[J]. Soil and Tillage Res.,1989,14(3):209-217.
[7] H?kansson I,Petelkau H,Soane B D. Benefits of limited axle load[J]. Soil compaction in crop production,1994,11:479-499.
[8] Balbuen R H,Terminiello A M,Claverie J A,et al. Soil compaction by forestry harvester operation,evolution of physical properties[J]. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental,2000,4:453-459.
[9] Achim E S,Ricardo S R,Jose C B,et al . Effect of moisture and transit frequency on stress distribution on different soils[J]. Agro. Sur.,2000,28:60-68.
[10] Ansorge D,Godwin R J. The effect of tyres and a rubber track at high axle loads on soil compaction,part 1:single axle-studies[J]. Biosyst. Eng.,2007,98(1):115-126.
[11] Lipiec J,Ferrero A,Giovanetti V,et al. Response of structure to simulated trampling of woodland soil[J]. Adv. Geoecol.,2002,35:133-140.
[12] Medvedev V V,Cybulko W G. Soil criteria for assessing the maximum permissible ground pressure of agricultural vehicles on Chernozem soils[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,1995,36(3):153-164.
[13] H?kansson I,Lipiec J. A review of the usefulness of relative bulk density values in studies of soil structure and compaction[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2000,53(2):71-85.
[14] Pagliai M,Vignozzi N. The soil pore system as an indicator of soil quality[J]. Advances in Geo. Ecology,2002,35:69-80.
[15] Dexter A R. Advances in characterization of soil structure[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,1988,11(3/4):199-238.
[16] Boizard H,Yoon S W,Leonard J. Using a morphological approach to evaluate the effect of traffic and weather conditions on the structure of a loamy soil in reduced tillage[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2013,127:34-44.
[17] Koch H J,Heuer H,Tomanová O,et al. Cumulative effect of annually repeated passes of heavy agricultural machinery on soil structural properties and sugar beet yield under two tillage systems[J]. Soil Till.Res.,2008,101(1/2):69-77.
[18] Matthews G P,Laudone G M,Gregory A S,et al. Measurement and simulation of the effect of compaction on the pore structure and saturated hydraulic conductivity of grassland and arable soil[J]. Water Resour. Res.,2010,46(5):w05501.
[19] Radford B J,Bridge B J,Davis R J,et al. Changes in the properties of a vertisol and responses of wheat after compaction with harvester traffic[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2000,54(3):155-170.
[20] Pagliai M,Marsili A,Servadio P,et al. Changes in some physical properties of a clay soil in Central Italy following the passage of rubber tracked and wheeled tractors of medium power[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2003,73(1):119-129.
[21] Unger P W,Kaspar T C. Soil compaction and root growth:a review[J]. Agron. J., 1994,86(5):759-766.
[22] Devign C,Pierre M,Vanhee B. Impact of soil compaction on soil biodiversity-does it matter in urban context? [J]. Urban Ecosyst.,2016,19(3):1163-1178.
[23] Hamza M A,Anderson W K. Soil compaction in cropping systems:a review of the nature,causes and possible solutions[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2005,82(2):121-145.
[24] Tan X, Chang S X, Kabzems R. Soil compaction and forest floor removal reduced microbial biomass and enzyme activities in a boreal aspen forest soil[J]. Biol. Fertil. Soils.,2008,44(3):471-479.
[25] Licht M A,Al-Kaisi M. Strip-tillage effect on seedbed soil temperature and other soil physical properties[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2005,80 (1/2):233-249.
[26] Valentine T A,Hallett P D,Binnie K,et al. Soil strength and macropore volume limit root elongation rates in many UK agricultural soils[J]. Ann. Bot.,2012, 110(2):259-270.
[27] Bengough A G,McKenzie B M,Hallett P D,et al. Root elongation,water stress, and mechanical impedance:a review of limiting stresses and beneficial root tip traits[J]. J. Exp. Bot.,2011,62(1):59-68.
[28] Schmidt S,Gregory P J,Grinev D V,et al. Root elongation rate is correlated with the length of the bare root apex of maize and lupin roots despite contrasting responses of root growth to compact and dry soils[J]. Plant Soil, 2013,372(1/2):609-618.
[29] Lipiec J,Horn R,Pietrusiewicz J,et al. Effects of soil compaction on root elongation and anatomy of different cereal plant species[J]. Soil Tillage Res., 2012,121:74-81.
[30] de Moraes M T,Bengough A G,Debiasi H,et al. Mechanistic framework to link root growth models with weather and soil physical properties, including example applications to soybean growth in Brazil[J]. Plant and Soil, 2018,428(1/2):67-92.
[31] 刘晚苟,李良贤,谢海容,等. 土壤容重对野生香根草幼苗根系形态及其生物量的影响[J]. 草业学报,2015,24(4):214-220.
[32] 王玉萍,周晓洁,卢潇,等. 土壤紧实度对马铃薯根系、匍匐茎、产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国沙漠,2016,36(6):1590-1596.
[33] 孙曰波,赵兰勇,张玲. 土壤紧实度对玫瑰幼苗生长及根系氮代谢的影响[J]. 园艺学报,2011,38(9):1775-1780.
[34] Benigno S M,Cawthray G R,Dixon K W,et a1. Soil physical strength rather than excess ethylene reduces root elongation of Eucalyptus seedlings in mechanically impeded sandy soils[J]. Plant Growth Regulation,2012,68(2):261-270.
[35] Arvidsson J,H?kansson I. Response of different crops to soil compaction—Short-term effects in Swedish field experiments[J]. Soil & Tillage Research,2014,138 :56-63.
[36] Czyz E A. Effects of traffic on soil aeration,bulk density and growth of Spring barley[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2004,79(2):153-166.
[37] Khan S R,Abbasi M K,Hussan A U. Effect of induced soil compaction on changes in soil properties and wheat productivity under sandy loam and sandy clay loam soils:a greenhouse experiment[J]. Commun. Soil Sci.Plant Anal.,2012,43(19): 2550-2563.
[38] Grzesiak S,Grzesiak M T, Hura T,et al. Changes in root system structure,leaf water potential and gas exchange of maize and triticale seedlings affected by soil compaction[J]. Environ. Exp. Bot.,2013,88:2-10.
[39] Arvidsson J,B?lenius E,Cavalieri K M V. Effects of compaction during drilling on yield of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) [J]. Eur. J. Agric.,2012,39:44-51.
[40] Chan K Y,Oates A,Swan A D,et al. Agronomic consequences of tractor wheel compaction on a clay soil[J]. Soil Till. Res.,2006,89(1):13-21.
[41] 曹娜,于海秋,王绍斌,等. 高产玉米群体的冠层结构及光合特性分析[J]. 玉米科学, 2006,14(5):94-97.
[42] 郑存德,依艳丽. 土壤容重对玉米光合特性的影响及调控研究[J]. 土壤学报,2012, 49(5):944-953.
[43] Andreas H,Walter R B,Alberto S,et al. Root morphology and photosynthetic performance of maize inbred lines at low temperature[J]. Europ. J. Agronomy,2007,27(1):52-61.
[44] 孙艳,王益权,杨梅,等. 土壤紧实胁迫对黄瓜根系活力和叶片光合作用的影响[J]. 植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(5):545-550.
[45] 王德玉,孙艳,郑俊鶱,等. 土壤紧实胁迫对黄瓜碳水化合物代谢的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(1):182-190.
[46] 杜国栋,郭修武,吕德国,等. 土壤紧实度对草莓光合特性及PSⅡ光化学活性的影响[J]. 果树学报,2010,27(4):542-546.
[47] 王群,李潮海,杨秋云,等. 下层土壤容重对玉米生育后期叶绿素荧光特性和产量的影响[J]. 河南农业大学学报,2008,42(5):473-478.
[48] 魏道智,宁书菊,林文雄. 小麦根系活力变化与叶片衰老的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004,15(9):1565-1569.
[49] 田桂香,汤绍虎,武敬亮,等. 干旱胁迫对黄连生理作用的影响[J]. 西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2006,31(2):133-136.
[50] 张向东,华智锐,邓寒霜. 土壤紧实胁迫对黄芩生长、产量及品质的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料,2014(3):7-11.
[51] 尚庆文,孔祥波,王玉霞,等. 土壤紧实度对生姜植株衰老的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2008,19(4):782-786.
[52] 张向东,邓寒霜,华智锐. 土壤紧实胁迫对桔梗生长、产量及品质的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(7):177-182.
[53] 刘晚苟,陈燕,山仑. 不同土壤水分条件下土壤容重对玉米木质部汁液中ABA浓度和气孔导度的影响[J]. 植物生理学通讯,2006,42(5):831-834.
[54] Place G,Bowman D,Burton M,et al. Root penetration through a high bulk density soil layer:differential response of a crop and weed species[J]. Plant Soil, 2008,307(1/2):179-190.
[55] Scharenbroch B C,Lloyd J E,Johnson-Maynard J L. Distinguishing urban soils with physical,chemical,and biological properties[J]. Pedobiologia,2005, 49(4):283-296. 山东 农业 科学 2019,51(1):161～167 Shandong Agricultural Sciences