基于主成分回归的土壤养分与水稻产量的关系
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摘要
为了解农田系统内土壤养分对水稻产量的影响,根据土壤养分的含量预测水稻产量,利用主成分回归的方法研究贵州省安顺市西秀区文星村76个样点11种土壤养分含量与水稻产量的关系。结果表明:1)土壤养分中,土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、全钾、有效铜、有效铁和有效锰的含量分别为21.85~44.06g/kg、95.81~276.36mg/kg、7.07~58.88mg/kg、41.23~486.4mg/kg、8.33~27.84g/kg、1.91~12.42mg/kg、0.03~270.79 mg/kg和0.002~83.33 mg/kg,其余变幅较小。有效锰(113.74%)为强变异,其他土壤养分和水稻产量均属于中等变异性。2)土壤养分与产量均存在相关性,但仅速效钾与水稻产量之间的相关性达到显著水平。土壤养分之间,有机质、全钾、有效铜和有效锌对土壤氮肥的影响较大,有效磷对其他土壤养分的影响较小。3)得出回归方程y=8552.323 8+47.542 6x1-85.710 6x2+25.209 0x3+229.598 9x4-10.635 0x5+197.772 6x6-193.124 7x7-44.430 9x8+62.510 5x9-76.966 3x10+61.840 9x11,速效钾、全磷、有效锌、有效锰、有机质、有效磷对水稻产量的影响较大,且按顺序逐级递减,其余土壤养分对产量的影响较小。
The relationship between soil nutrient and rice yield was studied by the principal component regression method from analyzing 11soil nutrients content of 76 sample points,Wenxin village,Xixiu District,Anshun,Guizhou to understand the effect of soil nutrients content on rice yield within the cropland system.The results showed that:1)The organic matter,available nitrogen,available P,rapidly available K,total K,available Cu and available Fe content with a medium variability was 21.85~44.06g/ kg,95.81~276.36mg/kg,7.07~58.88mg/kg,41.23~486.4mg/kg,8.33~27.84g/kg,1.91~12.42 mg/kg and 0.03~270.79mg/kg 0.002~83.33mg/kg respectively and the available Mn content with a higher variability was 0.002~83.33mg/kg;2)There was a correlation between soil nutrient and rice yield but the correlation between rapidly available K and rice yield reached the significant level only.The organic matter,total K,available Cu and available Zn content had the greater effect on nitrogen content in soil but available P had the lesser effect on other nutrients in soil among 11 soil nutrients;3)The regression equation,y=8 552.323 8+47.542 6x1-85.710 6x2 +25.209 0x3 +229.598 9x4-10.635 0x5 + 197.772 6x6-193.124 7x7-44.430 9x8 +62.510 5x9-76.966 3x10 +61.840 9x11 was established,which represented that available K had the great effect on rice yield,followed by total P,available Zn,available Mn,organic matter and available P.
The relationship between soil nutrient and rice yield was studied by the principal component regression method from analyzing 11soil nutrients content of 76 sample points,Wenxin village,Xixiu District,Anshun,Guizhou to understand the effect of soil nutrients content on rice yield within the cropland system.The results showed that:1)The organic matter,available nitrogen,available P,rapidly available K,total K,available Cu and available Fe content with a medium variability was 21.85~44.06g/ kg,95.81~276.36mg/kg,7.07~58.88mg/kg,41.23~486.4mg/kg,8.33~27.84g/kg,1.91~12.42 mg/kg and 0.03~270.79mg/kg 0.002~83.33mg/kg respectively and the available Mn content with a higher variability was 0.002~83.33mg/kg;2)There was a correlation between soil nutrient and rice yield but the correlation between rapidly available K and rice yield reached the significant level only.The organic matter,total K,available Cu and available Zn content had the greater effect on nitrogen content in soil but available P had the lesser effect on other nutrients in soil among 11 soil nutrients;3)The regression equation,y=8 552.323 8+47.542 6x1-85.710 6x2 +25.209 0x3 +229.598 9x4-10.635 0x5 + 197.772 6x6-193.124 7x7-44.430 9x8 +62.510 5x9-76.966 3x10 +61.840 9x11 was established,which represented that available K had the great effect on rice yield,followed by total P,available Zn,available Mn,organic matter and available P.
引文
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[12]边嘉宾,施利利,张欣,等.稻米主要品质性状的相关及主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(24):8-12.
[13]刘甲祥,彭佳红,曹晓兰.植物生长灯光源能效的综合评价模型:基于主成分分析方法[J].农机化研究,2012(10):46-49.
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[16]杜森.土壤分析技术规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:145-148.
[17]黄燕.SAS统计分析及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:209.
[18]汪海波.SAS统计分析与应用从入门到精通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010:296.
[19]薛亚锋,周明耀,徐英,等.水稻叶面积指数及产量信息的空间结构性分析[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(8):89-92.
[2]石乔龙,滕树川,龙志望,等.不同氮磷钾肥用量对水稻产量的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2008,36(4):43-45.
[3]徐加宽,杨连新,王志强,等.土壤铜含量对水稻生长发育和产量形成的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2005(3):262-268.
[4]魏义长,白由路,杨俐苹,等.测土推荐施锌对水稻产量结构及土壤有效养分的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2007,21(2):197-202.
[5]冯婉婉,张学雷,段金龙.豫南水耕地土壤肥力评价及其与水稻产量相关分析[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(6):65-70.
[6]罗琴,蔡霞,陈翼,等.水稻产量构成要素年际波动气象因子相关分析[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2010,25(1):94-100.
[7]Wang X J,Xu H L,Wang J H,et al.Effects of organic and chemical fertilizations and microbe inoculation on physiology and growth of sweet corn plants[J].Pedosphere,2000,10(3):229-236.
[8]郭笃发,王秋兵.主成分分析法对土壤养分与小麦产量关系的研究[J].土壤学报,2005,42(3):523-527.
[9]张晓林,和丽忠,陈锦玉,等.土壤—烤烟矿质营养元素相互关系的主组元分析[J].土壤学报,2001,38(2):193-203.
[10]郭笃发.堆腐城市生活垃圾对莴笋生长影响的主成分分析[J].应用与环境生物学报,2000,6(6):520-525.
[11]彭锐,王爱平,伍晓丽,等.不同产地川党参土壤养分主成分分析和聚类分析[J].西南农业学报,2008,21(2):420-424.
[12]边嘉宾,施利利,张欣,等.稻米主要品质性状的相关及主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(24):8-12.
[13]刘甲祥,彭佳红,曹晓兰.植物生长灯光源能效的综合评价模型:基于主成分分析方法[J].农机化研究,2012(10):46-49.
[14]胡良平.SAS统计分析教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:250.
[15]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:308-315.
[16]杜森.土壤分析技术规范[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:145-148.
[17]黄燕.SAS统计分析及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:209.
[18]汪海波.SAS统计分析与应用从入门到精通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010:296.
[19]薛亚锋,周明耀,徐英,等.水稻叶面积指数及产量信息的空间结构性分析[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(8):89-92.