基于熵权物元可拓模型的地下空间火灾安全评价
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摘要
为了准确评价地下空间的安全性,降低地下空间火灾事故的风险,从地下空间主动防火能力、地下空间被动防火能力、安全疏散能力以及安全管理能力4个层次构建地下空间火灾安全评价指标体系。采用熵权法和物元可拓理论建立了地下空间火灾风险的熵权可拓评价模型,并在某地下商城的火灾安全评价中进行了实际应用。结果表明,该地下商场空间的火灾安全评价等级为二级,与实际地下商场火灾安全状态相符。本文研究表明基于熵权的可拓理论可以适用于地下空间火灾的安全评价,有利于提升地下空间的火灾风险应对。
A four-level fire safety evaluation index system for underground space including active fire prevent capability, passive fire prevention capability, safety evacuation capability and safety management capability was built in order to accurate evaluate fire safety and reduce fire risk for underground space fire accidents. An entropy-weight and matter-element model was given by combining the entropy weight method with matterelement extension theory, which was applied to evaluate the fire safety of one underground mall. The results showed that the fire safety level was ‘Fire Risk Level II',which was no difference with the actual situation for the mall. The research of the paper indicates that the extension therory based on the entropy-weight method is adapt to fire safety evaluation of underground space, and is help to improve fire risk response of unerground space.
A four-level fire safety evaluation index system for underground space including active fire prevent capability, passive fire prevention capability, safety evacuation capability and safety management capability was built in order to accurate evaluate fire safety and reduce fire risk for underground space fire accidents. An entropy-weight and matter-element model was given by combining the entropy weight method with matterelement extension theory, which was applied to evaluate the fire safety of one underground mall. The results showed that the fire safety level was ‘Fire Risk Level II',which was no difference with the actual situation for the mall. The research of the paper indicates that the extension therory based on the entropy-weight method is adapt to fire safety evaluation of underground space, and is help to improve fire risk response of unerground space.
引文
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[13]郭艳飞,付国荣,李俊琪,等.基于熵权物元可拓模型的地勘单位安全标准化运行效果评价[J].安全与环境工程,2016,23(6):119-122,128.
[2]REN Haisheng,CHEN Weifeng,HE Yujing,et al.The Application of Fire Risk Evaluation Method in Fire Safety Evaluation for an Underground Shopping Mall[C].2009 International Conference on Information Engineering and Computer Science,2009:125-129.
[3]LI Lixin,ZHAO Lanying.Numerical Simulation for Smoke Flow of the Under Ground Railway Tunnel Fire[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,368-373.
[4]娄树立,刘华伟.地下商业建筑火灾的特点及预防措施[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2008,10(6):149-152.
[5]马德仲,刘圣楠,费晓雨,等.地下建筑火灾风险的贝叶斯网络评估系统设计[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2013,18(4):103-107.
[6]李炎锋,石勃伟,王超,等.城市地下轨道交通火灾风险评估体系模型研究--以某地铁车站为例[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(6):680-684.
[7]Tharaldsen J E,Olsen E,Rundmo T.A longitudinal Study of Safety Climate on the Norwegian Continental shelf[J].Safety Science,2008,46(3):427-439.
[8]杨卓,戎晓力,卢浩,等.基于熵权物元可拓理论的隧道塌方风险评估[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(2):15-19.
[9]Rengarajan,Kalpana.Laboratory Self-inspection Program Participation as an Indication of Improved Safety Culture at Emory University[J].Journal of Chemical Health and Safety,2012,19(4):15-19.
[10]范维澄,孙金华,陆守香,等.火灾风险评估方法学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:168.
[11]Pedersen L M,Saltnes M H.Assessing Risk Based on Bayesian Networks and FMECA:A Case Study[C].Advances in Safety,Reliability and Risk Management-Proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference,2011:75-79.
[12]朱必勇.基于熵权物元可拓模型的采空区危险等级评价[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(11):180-185.
[13]郭艳飞,付国荣,李俊琪,等.基于熵权物元可拓模型的地勘单位安全标准化运行效果评价[J].安全与环境工程,2016,23(6):119-122,128.