那陵格勒河流域地下水资源开发利用方案分析
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摘要
那陵格勒河是柴达木盆地流量最大的河流,该流域水资源的合理开发对柴达木循环经济区的建设发展具有重要意义.本文利用数值模拟方法,确定那棱格勒河流域地下水资源的最大可开采量,基于流域内外近、中、远期的水资源需求,模拟和分析地下水流场及地下水均衡量的变化,以此来评价地下水开发利用方案.结果表明,仅考虑本流域内用水需求时,地下水资源量可满足社会经济近、中、远期发展对水资源需求,对生态环境影响甚小;如果同时向外流域引水,地下水在2030年达到用水极限,应密切关注地下水资源开发利用的生态环境效应并及时采取调整方案.
Nalinggele is the largest river in the Qaidam Basin.The rational exploitation of water resources in the basin is of great significance to the construction and development of the Qaidam circular economic zone.Using a numerical simulation method in this paper,maximum exploitation quantity is determined in Nalinggele watershed.Then,groundwater flow field and variation of groundwater balance are simulated based on water demand in resent,middle and long-term.Finally,the groundwater development programs were evaluated by this variation.The results show,if the requirement is only for within Nalinggele watershed,groundwater resources can ensure the economy and social development in resent,middle and long-term.Meanwhile,it has little influence on the eco-environment.But it will reach water limit in 2030 if water resources are transferred across watershed.We should pay close attention to the ecoenvironmental effects of groundwater resources development and adjust the mining plan timely.
Nalinggele is the largest river in the Qaidam Basin.The rational exploitation of water resources in the basin is of great significance to the construction and development of the Qaidam circular economic zone.Using a numerical simulation method in this paper,maximum exploitation quantity is determined in Nalinggele watershed.Then,groundwater flow field and variation of groundwater balance are simulated based on water demand in resent,middle and long-term.Finally,the groundwater development programs were evaluated by this variation.The results show,if the requirement is only for within Nalinggele watershed,groundwater resources can ensure the economy and social development in resent,middle and long-term.Meanwhile,it has little influence on the eco-environment.But it will reach water limit in 2030 if water resources are transferred across watershed.We should pay close attention to the ecoenvironmental effects of groundwater resources development and adjust the mining plan timely.
引文
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[8]侯嘉维,黄勇,杜新强.那棱格勒河冲洪积扇地下水允许开采量评价[J].水电能源科学,2015,33(8):20-24.
[9]太媛媛,黄勇,杜新强,等.地下水位波动法在干旱区地下水补给资源量评价中的应用——以柴达木盆地那陵郭勒河冲洪积扇重点开采区为例[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(13):123-130.
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[13]朱长海,荣光忠,覃功平.《青海省柴达木盆地东台吉乃尔湖锂、硼、钾矿床勘探报告》[R].2002.
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[15]张雷,鲁春霞,吴映梅,等.中国流域水资源综合开发[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(2):295-303.
[16]夏泽军,刘振英,屈志.那陵格勒河地区水文地质详查报告[R].2011.
[17]陈锐,邓祥征,战金艳,等.流域尺度生态需水的估算模型与应用——以克里雅河流域为例[J].地理研究,2005,24(5):725-731.
[2]朱谱成,苏小四,张世广,等.那陵格勒河冲洪积扇地表水-地下水转化关系[J].人民黄河,2014,36(7):60-64.
[3]青海省柴达木综合地质矿产勘查院.青海省格尔木市那陵格勒河地区详查报告[R].格尔木:青海省柴达木综合地质矿产勘查院.2011.
[4]青海省地质局第一水文地质工程地质队.那陵格勒河幅(J—46—[27])区域水文地质普查报告(1∶20万)[R].1981.
[5]青海省水文水资源勘测局.柴达木盆地地表水资源计算与评价[R].西宁:青海省水文水资源勘测局,2011.
[6]青海省地质调查院.柴达木盆地地下水资源及其环境问题调查评价[R].西宁:青海省地质调查院:2008.
[7]张健健,王英标,李英成,等.柴达木盆地那陵郭勒河流域水资源开发利用浅析[J].地下水,2014,36(6):166-167.
[8]侯嘉维,黄勇,杜新强.那棱格勒河冲洪积扇地下水允许开采量评价[J].水电能源科学,2015,33(8):20-24.
[9]太媛媛,黄勇,杜新强,等.地下水位波动法在干旱区地下水补给资源量评价中的应用——以柴达木盆地那陵郭勒河冲洪积扇重点开采区为例[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(13):123-130.
[10]王大纯.水文地质学基础[M].北京:地质出版社,1986.
[11]易立新,徐鹤.地下水数值模拟:GMS应用基础与实例[M].北京,化学工业出版社,2009.
[12]格尔木市水利局.《格尔木市“十二五”水利发展规划》[R].2010.
[13]朱长海,荣光忠,覃功平.《青海省柴达木盆地东台吉乃尔湖锂、硼、钾矿床勘探报告》[R].2002.
[14]格尔木市经济和发展改革委员会.格尔木市国民经济和社会发展十二五规划纲要[M].2010.
[15]张雷,鲁春霞,吴映梅,等.中国流域水资源综合开发[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(2):295-303.
[16]夏泽军,刘振英,屈志.那陵格勒河地区水文地质详查报告[R].2011.
[17]陈锐,邓祥征,战金艳,等.流域尺度生态需水的估算模型与应用——以克里雅河流域为例[J].地理研究,2005,24(5):725-731.