青岛港湾污损生物及其量化初探
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摘要
叙述了3种防腐涂层在青岛海港近两年海港挂片的污损生物结构,分析了污损群落组成。用湿重法分析了大型污损生物各物种在污损群落中的质量分数,用网格法分析了各物种附着面积占总附着面积的占比。结果表明,Zn防护层带有一定毒性,但在该海域年检时均未发现对污损群落中优势种常见种的改变;用湿重法评估污损群落,往往会使复海鞘和被覆型苔藓虫(个体小、数量多)优势种被排除;而网格法得出的群落物种面积占比往往是复海鞘、被覆型苔藓虫覆盖下的污损生物种类被忽略。
This paper introduces the fouling organisms attached to three anticorrosive coatings layers in Qingdao Harbor in the past two years and analyzes the composition of fouling colonies. The weight percentage of large fouling organisms in the fouling colonies was analyzed through the wet weight method, and the percentages of areas with various species were analyzed through the grid method. The results show: Zn protective layers are toxic, but change in dominant ordinary species in the fouling colonies was not found in annual inspection of this sea area in recent years; using the wet weight method to evaluate fouling colonies often results in exclusion of dominant species of sea squirts and covering bryozoans(small individuals, large quantities); the area percentage of species colonies calculated through the grid method often leads to neglect of fouling organisms covered by group sea squirts and covering bryozoans.
This paper introduces the fouling organisms attached to three anticorrosive coatings layers in Qingdao Harbor in the past two years and analyzes the composition of fouling colonies. The weight percentage of large fouling organisms in the fouling colonies was analyzed through the wet weight method, and the percentages of areas with various species were analyzed through the grid method. The results show: Zn protective layers are toxic, but change in dominant ordinary species in the fouling colonies was not found in annual inspection of this sea area in recent years; using the wet weight method to evaluate fouling colonies often results in exclusion of dominant species of sea squirts and covering bryozoans(small individuals, large quantities); the area percentage of species colonies calculated through the grid method often leads to neglect of fouling organisms covered by group sea squirts and covering bryozoans.
引文
[1]马士德.海洋腐蚀与海洋污损论谈--Ⅰ分支学科形成回顾[C]//第四届国际海洋与重防腐涂料及涂装技术研讨会论文集.北京:中国涂料工业协会,2010:12-17
[2]黄宗国,蔡如星.海洋污损生物及其防除[M].北京,海洋出版社,1984:5-32
[3]马士德,黄修明,谢肖勃,等.舰船的生物附着与腐蚀调查[J].海洋学报,1996,18(1):80-83
[4]国家技术监督局.GB/T 12763.6-1991,海洋调查规范海洋生物调查[S].北京,中国标准出版社,1992
[5]MA SHIDE,WANG YUANE,SUN HUYUAN,et al.The Fouling Surveys of Chinese Neritic Oil Platforms[C]//The 14th Asian Pacific Corrosion Control Conference,2006:21-24
[6]马士德,段继周,李伟华,等.南海油田W12-1平台水下钢结构腐蚀与防护检测情况讨论[J].全面腐蚀控制,2006,20(2):26-28
[7]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.青岛海鸥浮码头冬季污损生物调查分析[J].广西科学院学报,2015,31(3):214-218
[8]姚平,鲍祺,王洪仁,等.中国南海东方气田海上平台水下钢结构腐蚀与防护研究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2010,24(1):8-14
[9]刘勐伶,严涛.南海污损生物生态研究进展[J].海洋通报,2006,25(1):84-91
[10]魏羲.浅谈海洋生物污损对导管架平台安全的影响[J].全面腐蚀控制,2015,29(2):55-57
[11]中国船级社.海上固定平台入级与建造规范[M].北京:人民出版社,2012
[12]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.国产热浸锌锚链的耐蚀性研究(Ⅰ)[J].海洋科学集刊,2017(1):104-113
[13]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.冷镀锌涂料的生物污损研究[J].中国涂料,2017,32(9):32-39
[14]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.青岛港湾海鸥浮码头冬季污损生物调查分析[J].广西科学院学报,2015,31(3):214-218
[2]黄宗国,蔡如星.海洋污损生物及其防除[M].北京,海洋出版社,1984:5-32
[3]马士德,黄修明,谢肖勃,等.舰船的生物附着与腐蚀调查[J].海洋学报,1996,18(1):80-83
[4]国家技术监督局.GB/T 12763.6-1991,海洋调查规范海洋生物调查[S].北京,中国标准出版社,1992
[5]MA SHIDE,WANG YUANE,SUN HUYUAN,et al.The Fouling Surveys of Chinese Neritic Oil Platforms[C]//The 14th Asian Pacific Corrosion Control Conference,2006:21-24
[6]马士德,段继周,李伟华,等.南海油田W12-1平台水下钢结构腐蚀与防护检测情况讨论[J].全面腐蚀控制,2006,20(2):26-28
[7]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.青岛海鸥浮码头冬季污损生物调查分析[J].广西科学院学报,2015,31(3):214-218
[8]姚平,鲍祺,王洪仁,等.中国南海东方气田海上平台水下钢结构腐蚀与防护研究[J].全面腐蚀控制,2010,24(1):8-14
[9]刘勐伶,严涛.南海污损生物生态研究进展[J].海洋通报,2006,25(1):84-91
[10]魏羲.浅谈海洋生物污损对导管架平台安全的影响[J].全面腐蚀控制,2015,29(2):55-57
[11]中国船级社.海上固定平台入级与建造规范[M].北京:人民出版社,2012
[12]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.国产热浸锌锚链的耐蚀性研究(Ⅰ)[J].海洋科学集刊,2017(1):104-113
[13]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.冷镀锌涂料的生物污损研究[J].中国涂料,2017,32(9):32-39
[14]马士德,王在东,刘会莲,等.青岛港湾海鸥浮码头冬季污损生物调查分析[J].广西科学院学报,2015,31(3):214-218