玉米地方品种B染色体鉴定及其核型分析
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摘要
以四川省、云南省、贵州省和重庆市的50个玉米地方品种为试验材料,采用根尖染色体压片技术,分析玉米地方品种的主要核型参数及B染色体的形态特征。结果表明,在50个玉米地方品种中,有16个有B染色体,占供试材料的32%。在50×30×5个分裂相(指50个品种,每个品种取30张装片,每张装片设5个镜像)细胞中,发现185个细胞含有B染色体,占观察细胞总数的2. 47%。玉米地方品种的B染色体较常染色体短,平均长度为2. 56μm。核型分析结果表明,没有B染色体和有B染色体的玉米地方品种1～10号染色体相对长度均依次为14%、12%、11%、11%、10%、9%、9%、8%、8%、7%。对没有B染色体和有B染色体的玉米地方品种的10对染色体相对长度分别进行t检验,检验结果均不显著,说明B染色体的存在对常染色体核型无明显影响。
引文
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[13]云锦凤,斯琴高娃.蒙古冰草B染色体的研究[J].现代农业科学,1996,17(1):14-17.
[14]蔡华,夏海武,童艳.虎眼万年青核型分析及B染色体研究[J].热带作物学报,2007,28(4):62-65.
[15]Stark E A,Connerton I,Bennett S T,et al. Molecular analysis of the structure of the maize B-chromosome[J]. Chromosome Research,1996,4(1):622-624.
[16]Cheng Y M,Lin B Y. Cloning and characterization of maize B chromosome sequences derived from microdissection[J]. Genetics,2003,164(1):299-310.
[17]Makunin A I,Kichigin I G,Larkin D M,et al. Contrasting origin of B chromosomes in two cervids(Siberian roe deer and grey brocket deer)unravelled by chromosome-specific DNA sequencing[J].BMC Genomics,2016,17(1):618.
[18]de A Silva D M Z,Daniel S N,Camacho J P M,et al. Origin of B chromosomes in the genus Astyanax(Characiformes,Characidae)and the limits of chromosome painting[J]. Molecular Genetics and Genomics,2016,291(3):1407-1418.
[19]祁仲夏,李秀兰,陈成彬,等.玉米B染色体特异RAPD分子标记的染色体定位[J].植物学报,2002,44(4):499-501.
[2]Masonbrink R E,Gaeta R T,Birchler J A. Multiple maize minichromosomes in meiosis[J]. Chromosome Research,2012,20(4):395-402.
[3]姚启伦,陈发波,刘红芳,等.西南地区玉米地方品种B染色体多态性分析[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(14):2697-2704.
[4]Ferro J M,Taffarel A,Cardozo D,et al. Cytogenetic characterization and B chromosome diversity in direct-developing frogs of the genus Oreobates(Brachycephaloidea,Craugastoridae)[J]. Comparative Cytogenetics,2016,10(1):141-156.
[5]Fu S L,Lv Z L,Gao Z,et al. De novo centromere formation on a chromosome fragment in maize[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013,110(15):6033-6036.
[6]Cheng Y M,Feng Y R,Lin Y P,et al. Cytomolecular characterization and origin of de novo formed maize B chromosome variants[J].Chromosome Research,2016,24(2):183-195.
[7]Ramos E,Cardoso A L,Brown J,et al. The repetitive DNA element BncDNA,enriched in the B chromosome of the cichlid fish Astatotilapia latifasciata,transcribes a potentially noncoding RNA[J]. Chromosoma,2017,126(2):313-323.
[8]Navarro-Domínguez B,Cabrero J,Camacho J P,et al. Bchromosome effects on Hsp70 gene expression does not occur at transcriptional level in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans[J].Molecular Genetics and Genomics,2016,291(5):1-9.
[9]姚启伦,陈发波,方平.西南地区玉米地方品种B染色体初探[J].玉米科学,2014,22(1):18-22.
[10]姚启伦,姚强,方平,等.玉米地方品种和自交系B染色体的比较分析[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(3):79-81.
[11]Birchler J A,Han F P. Meiotic behavior of small chromosomes in maize[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science,2013,4(4):505.
[12]Houben A,Banaei-Moghaddam A M,Klemme S A. Evolution and biology of supernumerary B chromosomes[J]. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences,2014,71(3):467-478.
[13]云锦凤,斯琴高娃.蒙古冰草B染色体的研究[J].现代农业科学,1996,17(1):14-17.
[14]蔡华,夏海武,童艳.虎眼万年青核型分析及B染色体研究[J].热带作物学报,2007,28(4):62-65.
[15]Stark E A,Connerton I,Bennett S T,et al. Molecular analysis of the structure of the maize B-chromosome[J]. Chromosome Research,1996,4(1):622-624.
[16]Cheng Y M,Lin B Y. Cloning and characterization of maize B chromosome sequences derived from microdissection[J]. Genetics,2003,164(1):299-310.
[17]Makunin A I,Kichigin I G,Larkin D M,et al. Contrasting origin of B chromosomes in two cervids(Siberian roe deer and grey brocket deer)unravelled by chromosome-specific DNA sequencing[J].BMC Genomics,2016,17(1):618.
[18]de A Silva D M Z,Daniel S N,Camacho J P M,et al. Origin of B chromosomes in the genus Astyanax(Characiformes,Characidae)and the limits of chromosome painting[J]. Molecular Genetics and Genomics,2016,291(3):1407-1418.
[19]祁仲夏,李秀兰,陈成彬,等.玉米B染色体特异RAPD分子标记的染色体定位[J].植物学报,2002,44(4):499-501.