盆地城市地气温差变化特征及对颗粒物浓度的影响
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摘要
观测四川盆地典型城市成都连续5 a逐小时的地表温度(T_s)、气温(T_a)及其颗粒物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5))质量浓度等,分析地气温差(T_s-T_a)的变化特征及其对颗粒物质量浓度的影响。结果表明:平均地气温差为2.01℃,地气温差0.3~1.2℃,变化幅度较小;地气温差年变化最大时出现在4月,最小时出现在11月,三次拟合曲线可以较好地模拟成都温差的年变化特征;地气温差日变化显著,在不同季节中变化趋势大致相同,极值大小差异较大,分段拟合对温差日变化特征模拟较好;颗粒物污染明显,地气温差较小时,颗粒物质量浓度偏大,反之偏小。
With the hourly data of land surface temperature(T_s),air temperature(T_a) and aerosol mass concentration, the characteristics of the difference between surface temperature and air temperature(T_s-T_a) and its impacts on aerosol concentration were studied. The results show that the average air temprature is 2.01℃ and the distribution of average air temperature is0.3~1.2℃. The maximum value of(T_s-T_a) appeares in April while the minimum in November. The annual change variations are fitted well by cubic curve fitting equation. Diurnal variation of(T_s-T_a) is significant. Although the variations in four seasons have similarly changing tendency, the extremum values are different. The aerosol pollution in Chengdu is serious. The effects of(T_s-T_a) on aerosol concentration is significant, the greater the(T_s-T_a), aerosol concentration is low, otherwise, the reverse.
With the hourly data of land surface temperature(T_s),air temperature(T_a) and aerosol mass concentration, the characteristics of the difference between surface temperature and air temperature(T_s-T_a) and its impacts on aerosol concentration were studied. The results show that the average air temprature is 2.01℃ and the distribution of average air temperature is0.3~1.2℃. The maximum value of(T_s-T_a) appeares in April while the minimum in November. The annual change variations are fitted well by cubic curve fitting equation. Diurnal variation of(T_s-T_a) is significant. Although the variations in four seasons have similarly changing tendency, the extremum values are different. The aerosol pollution in Chengdu is serious. The effects of(T_s-T_a) on aerosol concentration is significant, the greater the(T_s-T_a), aerosol concentration is low, otherwise, the reverse.
引文
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[3]周连童,温李明.我国春夏季地气温差的时空变化特征及其与夏季降水的联系[J].气候与环境研究,2016,21(6):621-632.
[4]黄芳芳,马伟强,李茂善.藏北高原地表温度对气候变化响应的初步分析[J].高原气象,2016,35(1):55-63.
[5]杨晓玲,丁文魁,李岩瑛.近50年武威市地气温差变化趋势及影响因子.生态学报,2015,35(8):2719-2725.
[6]符睿,韦志刚,文军.西北干旱区地气温差季节和年际变化特征的分析[J].高原气象,2008,27(4):844-851.
[7]沈学顺.春季欧亚大陆地表气温变化特征的气候意义[J].大气科学,2007,31(1):19-27.
[8]张盈盈,李忠贤,刘伯奇.春季青藏高原表面感热加热的年际变化特征及其对印度夏季风爆发时间的影响[J].大气科学,2015,39(6):1059-1072.
[9]王超,韦志刚,李振朝.敦煌戈壁地区地气温差变化特征分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(11):72-78.
[10]王跃思,姚利,王莉莉.2013年元月我国中东部地区强霾污染成因分析[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(1):15-26.
[11]SUN Y,WANG L,WANG Y,et al.In situ measurements of SO2,NOx,NOy,and O3in Beijing,China during August 2008[J].Science of the Total Environment,2011,409(5):933-940.
[12]ZHANG L,WANG T,LV M,et al.On the severe haze in Beijing during January 2013 unraveling the effects of meteorological anomalies with WRF-Chem[J].Atmospheric Environment,2015,104:11-21.
[13]郭淳薇,孙兆彬,李梓铭.北京地区近35年大气污染扩散条件变化[J].环境科学,2017,38(6):2202-2210.
[14]陈超,庞艳梅,张玉芳.近50年来四川盆地气候变化特征研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(9):115-120.
[15]周长艳,岑思弦,李跃清.四川省近50年降水的变化特征及影响[J].地理学报,2011,66:619-630.
[16]陈超,周广胜.1961—2010年桂林气温和地温的变化特征[J].生态学报,2013,33:2043-2053.
[17]杜川利,唐晓,李星敏,等.城市边界层高度变化特征与颗粒物浓度影响分析[J].高原气象,2014,33(5):1383-1389.
[18]赵采玲,吕世华,李照国,等.夏季巴丹吉林沙漠陆面热状况对边界层高度影响的模拟实验[J].高原气象,2014,33(6):1526-1533.