磁暴事件对高精度TEC二维分布的影响
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摘要
电离层总电子含量(TEC)是电离层探测与研究工作的重要特征参量之一.利用地基GPS接收站台网,可以获得大量的垂直TEC数据.本文提出一种高精度TEC地图重构方法,基于Kriging法对垂直TEC进行插值处理,实现了亚大区域高分辨率TEC二维分布的重构,并与实测数据对比验证了本方法的精度和有效性.基于此二维分布,分析了区域TEC值随时间、纬度的变化情况;重点分析了磁静日与磁暴期间南北半球不同纬度TEC值的不同表现特征,并给出了磁暴期间不同纬度TEC的变化趋势所存在的差异及其解释,相关研究成果可为区域高分辨率电离层监测系统的建立提供方法支撑.
The Ionospheric Total Electron Content(TEC) is one of the most important parameters in ionospheric sounding. A large number of vertical TEC data can be obtained by using the hundreds of GPS stations which are distributed around the world. In this paper, a reconstruction method of high precision TEC is proposed, and the Kriging interpolation method is used to interpolate the vertical TEC data in order to obtain the high resolution two-dimensional distribution of TEC. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are compared with the measured data. Based on the two-dimensional distribution, the changes of regional TEC value with time and latitude are analyzed, particularly in the influence of geomagnetic storms on the TEC value. and The differences and explanations of TEC changes in different latitudes are also given. The related research results can provide the method support for the establishment of regional high resolution ionospheric monitoring system.
The Ionospheric Total Electron Content(TEC) is one of the most important parameters in ionospheric sounding. A large number of vertical TEC data can be obtained by using the hundreds of GPS stations which are distributed around the world. In this paper, a reconstruction method of high precision TEC is proposed, and the Kriging interpolation method is used to interpolate the vertical TEC data in order to obtain the high resolution two-dimensional distribution of TEC. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are compared with the measured data. Based on the two-dimensional distribution, the changes of regional TEC value with time and latitude are analyzed, particularly in the influence of geomagnetic storms on the TEC value. and The differences and explanations of TEC changes in different latitudes are also given. The related research results can provide the method support for the establishment of regional high resolution ionospheric monitoring system.
引文
[1] KOMJATHY A,SPARKS L,MANNUCCI A J,et al.The ionospheric impact of the October 2003 storm event on wide Area Augmentation System [J].GPS Solutions,2005,9(1):41-50.
[2] CANDER L R.Ionospheric research and space weather services [J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Sol.-Terr,Phys 2008,70(15):1870-1878.DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2008.05.010.
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[4] 李磊.基于GNSS的电离层总电子含量的预测与应用研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015.
[5] 高淑照.利用GPS观测资料研究电离层中短期变化特征[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[6] 万卫星,宁百齐,刘立波,等.中国电离层TEC现报系统[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1040-1045.
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[13] 雷宵龙,符养,薛振刚,等.利用COSMIC数据构建全球电离层TEC地图[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1510-1521.
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[16] BLANC M,RICHMOND A D.The ionospheric disturbance dynamo[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1980,85(A4):1669-1686.DOI:10.1029/JA085iA04p01669.
[17] DENG Z X,LIU R Y,ZHEN W M,et al.Study on the ionospheric TEC storms over China [J].Chinese J Geophys (in Chinese),2012,55(7):2177-2184.DOI:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.07.004.
[18] WU J S,XU L.Satistical study of the ionospheric storms over 5 latitude zones in the European sector [J].Chinese J Geophys (in Chinese),2015,58(2):349-361.
[19] OLUWASEYI E,THOMAS K.,EMMANUEL A,et al.Investigation of ionospheric response to geomagnetic storms over a low latitude station,Ile-Ife,Nigeria [J].Acta Geophysica.2016,64(3):772-795.DOI:10.1515/acgeo-2016-0013.
[20] LIU H T,DING F,WAN W X,et al.GPS network observation of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the American sector during the occurrence of a magnetic storm [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2016,31(2):545-552.
[21] KOZYREVA O V,PILIPENKO V A,ZAKHAROV V I,et al.GPS-TEC response to the sub-storm onset during April 5,2010,magnetic storm [J].GPS Solutions.2017,21(3):927-936.DOI:10.1007/s10291-016-0581-6
[22] BELEHAKI A,KUTIEV I,MARINOV P,et al.Ionospheric electron density perturbations during the 7-10 March 2012 geomagnetic storm period [J].Advances in Space Research.2017,59(4):1041-1056.DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2016.11.031.
[23] SUN W J,NING B Q,ZHAO B Q,et al.Analysis of ionospheric features in middle and low latitude region of China during the geomagnetic storm in March 2015 [J].Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),2017,60(1):1-10.DOI:10.6038/cjg20170101.
[24] HUANG Y N,CHENG K,CHEN S W.On the equatorial anomaly of the ionospheric total electron content near the northern anomaly crest region [J].Journal of Geophysical Research.1989,94(A10):13515-13525.DOI:10.1029/JA094iA10p13515.
[2] CANDER L R.Ionospheric research and space weather services [J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Sol.-Terr,Phys 2008,70(15):1870-1878.DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2008.05.010.
[3] JAKOWSKI N.TEC monitoring by using satellite positioning systems.In Modern Ionospheric Science [J].EGS Katlenburg-Lindau,FRG 1996:371-390.
[4] 李磊.基于GNSS的电离层总电子含量的预测与应用研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015.
[5] 高淑照.利用GPS观测资料研究电离层中短期变化特征[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[6] 万卫星,宁百齐,刘立波,等.中国电离层TEC现报系统[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1040-1045.
[7] ORU'S R,HERNA'NDWZ-PAJARES M,JUAN J M,et al.Improvement of global ionospheric VTEC maps by using kriging interpolation technique [J].Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,2005,67(16):1598-1609.DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2005.07.017.
[8] WIELGOSZ P,GREJNER-BRZEZINSKA D,KASHANI I.Regional ionosphere mapping with Kriging and multiquadric methods [J].Jounral of Global Positioning Systems,2003,2(1):48-55.
[9] MEGGS R W,MITCHELL C N,SPENCER P S J.A comparison of techniques for mapping total electron content over Europe using GPS signals [J].Radio Science,2004,39(1):1-8.DOI:10.1029/2002RS002846.
[10] NICOLAS B,JEAN-MARIE C,CARINE B.Performance of ROB’s near real-time ionospheric product during normal and disturbed space weather periods.EGU,2015,17.
[11] NICOLAS B,JEAN-MARIE C,CARINE B,et al.Near real-time ionospheric monitoring over Europe at the Royal Observatory of Belgium using GNSS data.[J] J.Space Weather Space Clim.,2014,4A(31):10.DOI:10.1051/swsc/2014028.
[12] 毛田,万卫星,孙凌峰.用Kriging方法构建中纬度区域电离层TEC地图[J].空间科学学报,2007,27(4):279-285.
[13] 雷宵龙,符养,薛振刚,等.利用COSMIC数据构建全球电离层TEC地图[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1510-1521.
[14] CRESSIE N A C.Statistics for spatial data,Wiley series in probability and statistics 1993[M].New York,EUA.DOI:10.1002/9781119115151.ch1.
[15] BALAN N,SHIOKAWA K,OTSUKA Y,et al.A physical mechanism of positive ionospheric storms at low and midlatitudes [J].Journal of Geophysical Research.Space Physics,2010,115(A2):A02304.DOI:10.1029/2009JA014515.
[16] BLANC M,RICHMOND A D.The ionospheric disturbance dynamo[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1980,85(A4):1669-1686.DOI:10.1029/JA085iA04p01669.
[17] DENG Z X,LIU R Y,ZHEN W M,et al.Study on the ionospheric TEC storms over China [J].Chinese J Geophys (in Chinese),2012,55(7):2177-2184.DOI:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.07.004.
[18] WU J S,XU L.Satistical study of the ionospheric storms over 5 latitude zones in the European sector [J].Chinese J Geophys (in Chinese),2015,58(2):349-361.
[19] OLUWASEYI E,THOMAS K.,EMMANUEL A,et al.Investigation of ionospheric response to geomagnetic storms over a low latitude station,Ile-Ife,Nigeria [J].Acta Geophysica.2016,64(3):772-795.DOI:10.1515/acgeo-2016-0013.
[20] LIU H T,DING F,WAN W X,et al.GPS network observation of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the American sector during the occurrence of a magnetic storm [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2016,31(2):545-552.
[21] KOZYREVA O V,PILIPENKO V A,ZAKHAROV V I,et al.GPS-TEC response to the sub-storm onset during April 5,2010,magnetic storm [J].GPS Solutions.2017,21(3):927-936.DOI:10.1007/s10291-016-0581-6
[22] BELEHAKI A,KUTIEV I,MARINOV P,et al.Ionospheric electron density perturbations during the 7-10 March 2012 geomagnetic storm period [J].Advances in Space Research.2017,59(4):1041-1056.DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2016.11.031.
[23] SUN W J,NING B Q,ZHAO B Q,et al.Analysis of ionospheric features in middle and low latitude region of China during the geomagnetic storm in March 2015 [J].Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),2017,60(1):1-10.DOI:10.6038/cjg20170101.
[24] HUANG Y N,CHENG K,CHEN S W.On the equatorial anomaly of the ionospheric total electron content near the northern anomaly crest region [J].Journal of Geophysical Research.1989,94(A10):13515-13525.DOI:10.1029/JA094iA10p13515.