台湾海峡盆地九龙江凹陷新生代关键构造变革及其油气地质意义
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摘要
油气成藏与区域构造背景及盆地的形成演化发展密切相关。以二维多道地震资料为基础,并结合区域地质资料综合分析,认为九龙江凹陷经历了4期关键构造变革,形成了太平运动、瓯江运动、浦里运动和海岸山运动4个关键构造变革期不整合界面。在不同时期由于受不同的地球动力学背景和构造应力场控制,九龙江凹陷发育了阶梯状式、垒-堑式和滑动断阶式三种伸展构造样式,以及断层限制型与褶皱挠曲型二种反转构造样式。通过对各时期构造应力背景及油气成藏条件分析,认为太平、瓯江运动二期构造变革奠定了九龙江凹陷圈闭的形成基础,是造成拉张型构造圈闭发育的重要因素,晚期瓯江运动所造成的凹陷挤压抬升促使了反转构造的形成,可以形成良好的油气聚集圈闭条件。
Hydrocarbon accumulation is closely related with regional tectonic setting and basin formation and evolution.It's pointed out that four stages of critical tectonic transformation occurred in Jiulongjiang Sag through the analysis of twodimensional multichannel seismic data and regional geological data. As a result,four unconformities formed during the Taiping,Oujiang,Puli and Hai'anshan movements. Controlled by different geodynamic backgrounds and tectonic stress fields at different stages,three styles of extensional structures,namely the stepwise,horst-graben and sliding fault terrace,and two styles of inverted structures,namely fault-restricted and flexural fold structures,are developed in the sag. Through the analysis of tectonic stress backgrounds and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions at different stages,it is believed that the Taiping and Oujiang movements laid the foundation for the formation of traps in the Jiulongjiang Sag,and was a major factor for the development of extensional structural traps; while the uplifting caused by the compressive force from the late Oujiang movement prompted the formation of inverted structures,providing favorable trap conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation.
Hydrocarbon accumulation is closely related with regional tectonic setting and basin formation and evolution.It's pointed out that four stages of critical tectonic transformation occurred in Jiulongjiang Sag through the analysis of twodimensional multichannel seismic data and regional geological data. As a result,four unconformities formed during the Taiping,Oujiang,Puli and Hai'anshan movements. Controlled by different geodynamic backgrounds and tectonic stress fields at different stages,three styles of extensional structures,namely the stepwise,horst-graben and sliding fault terrace,and two styles of inverted structures,namely fault-restricted and flexural fold structures,are developed in the sag. Through the analysis of tectonic stress backgrounds and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions at different stages,it is believed that the Taiping and Oujiang movements laid the foundation for the formation of traps in the Jiulongjiang Sag,and was a major factor for the development of extensional structural traps; while the uplifting caused by the compressive force from the late Oujiang movement prompted the formation of inverted structures,providing favorable trap conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation.
引文
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[23]姚超,角贵浩,王同和,等.中国含油气构造样式[M].北京地质出版社,2004,1-517.Yao Chao,Jiao Guihao,Wang Tonghe,et al. The structural styles of petroliferous basins in China[M]. Beijing:Beijing Geological Publishing House,2004,1-517.
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[25]郑求根,周祖翼,蔡立国,等.东海陆架盆地中新生代构造背景及演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):197-201.Zheng Qiuqgen,Zhou Zhuyi,Cai Liguo,et al. Meso-Cenozoic tectonic setting and evolution of East China Sea shelf basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(2):197-201.
[26]徐发.东海陆架盆地新生界结构特征及迁移规律[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(6):1-7.Xu Fa. Characteristics of caenozoic structure and tectonic migration of the east china sea shelf basin[J]. Journal of Oil&Gas Technology,2012,34(6):1-7.
[27]索艳慧,李三忠,戴黎明,等.东亚及其大陆边缘新生代构造迁移与盆地演化[J].岩石学报,2012,28(8):2602-2618.Suo Huiyan,Li Sanzhong,Dai Liming,et al. Cenozoic tectonic migration and basin evolution in East Asia and its continental margins[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(8):2602-2618.
[28]李慧勇,茆利,王粤川,等.渤海沙垒田凸起北部中央走滑带断裂对圈闭的控制[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,37(2):1-4.Li Huiyong,Mao Li,Wang Yuechuan,et al. Tap under fractures in central strike-skip zone of Northern Shaleitian bulge[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2014,37(2):1-4.
[2]金之钧.中国典型叠合盆地及其油气成藏研究新进展(之一):叠合盆地划分与研究方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,26(5):553-562.Jin Zhijun. New advancement in research of China’s typical supermiposed basins and reservoir ing(Part I):classification and research methods of supermiposed basins[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2006,26(5):553-562.
[3]朱伟林,吴景富,张功成,等.中国近海新生代盆地构造差异性演化及油气勘探方向[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):88-101.Zhu Weilin,Wu Jingfu,Zhang Gongcheng,et al. Discrepancy tectonic evolution and petroleum exploration in China Offshore Cenozoic basins[J]. Earth Science Frontier,2015,22(1):88-101.
[4]漆家福,陆克政,张一伟,等.渤海湾盆地区新生代构造与油气的关系[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,1995(S1):7-13.Qi Jiafu,Lu Kezheng,Zhang Yiwei,et al. Relationship between tectonics and hydrocabon in Bohai bay basin province[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,1995(S1):7-13.
[5]汤良杰,黄太柱,金文正,等.叠合盆地差异构造变形与油气聚集[J].地学前缘,2009,16(4):13-22.Tang Liangjie,Huang Taizhu,Jin Wenzheng,et al. Differential def ormation and hydrocarbon accumulation in the superimposed basins[J]. Earth Science Frontier,2009,16(4):13-22.
[6]解习农,张成,任建业,等.南海南北大陆边缘盆地构造演化差异性对油气成藏条件控制[J].地球物理学报,2012,54(12):3280-3291.Xie Xinong,Zhang Cheng,Ren Jianye,et al. Effects of distinct tectonic evolutions on hydrocarbon accumulation in northern and southern continental marginal basins of South China Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,54(12):3280-3291.
[7] Sun S C. The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of offshore Taiwan[J]Energy. 1985,10(3):421--432.
[8]高天钧,黄辉.台湾海峡地质构造特征及演化[J].地质学报,1994,68(3):197-207.Gao Tianjun,Huang Hui. Tectonic characteristics and evolution of the Taiwan Strait[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,1994,68(3):197-207.
[9] Lin A T,Watts A B,Hesselbo S P. Cenozoic stratigraphy and subsidence history of the South China Sea margin in the Taiwan region[J].Basin Research,2003,15(4):453-478.
[10]萧宝宗,胡锦城,林国安,等.澎湖盆地油气潜能评估[J].台湾石油地质,1991,26:215-229.Xiao Baozhong,Hu Jingcheng,Lin Guoan,et al. The hydrocarbon potential evaluation of the Penghu Basin[J]. Taiwan Petroleum Geology,1991,26:215-229.
[11]王国纯.台湾海峡地质构造特征及油气探讨[J].石油学报,1993,14(3):10-19.Wang Guochun. Geological structural characteristics and oil prospects of taiwan straits[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993,14(3):10-19.
[12]刘振湖,王英民,邓安雄,等.台湾海峡盆地油气地质条件与含油气系统研究[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(6):523-528.Liu Zhenhu,Wang Yingming,Deng Anxiong,et al. Petroleum geological characteristics and petroleum system of taiwan strait basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2006,28(6):523-528.
[13] Lin A T,Watts A B. Origin of the West Taiwan basin by orogenic loadi-ng and flexure of a rifted continental margin[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978-2012),2002,107(B9):2-19.
[14] Yang F,Sun Z,Zhou Z,et al. The evolution of the South China Sea basin in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic and its significance for oil and gas exploration:a review and overview[J]. AAPG Memoir,2012,100(100):397-418.
[15]钱星,张莉,徐立明,等.台湾海峡盆地九龙江凹陷火成岩发育特征及其油气地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(5):111-116.Qian Xing,Zhang Li,Xu Liming,et al. Igneous rocks in jiulongjiang sag of taiwan strait basin and implications for petroleum geology[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2015,35(5):111-116.
[16]傅志飞,姜雄鹰,王海平,等.台西盆地西部坳陷地质特征及油气前景[J].海洋地质前沿,2012,28(7):30-35.Fu Zhifei,Jiang Xiongying,Wang Haiping,et al. Geological features and hydrocarbon prospect of the western depression,taixi basin[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2012,28(7):30-35.
[17]汤良杰,崔敏.中上扬子区关键构造变革期、构造变形样式与油气保存[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(1):12-16.Tang Liangjie,Cui Min. Key tectonic changes,deformation styles and hydrocarbon preservations in Middle-Upper Yangtze region[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(1):12-16.
[18]周蒂.台西南盆地和北港隆起的中生界及其沉积环境[J].热带海洋学报,2002,21(2):50-57.Zhou Di. Mesozoic strata and sedimentary environment in sw taiwan basin of the South China Sea and Peikang hign of western Taiwan[J]. Tropic Oceanology,2002,21(2):50-57.
[19]赵英杰,郭艳东.东海陆架盆地瓯江凹陷古近系层序地层学与沉积特征研究[J].海洋石油,2010,30(4):15-19.Zhao Yingjie,Guo Yandong. Research on sequence stratigraphy and depositional features of Paleogene System of Oujiang Sag in the East China Sea[J]. Offshore Oil,2010,30(4):15-19.
[20]陶瑞明.从西太平洋板块构造探讨东海陆架盆地形成机制和类型划分[J].中国海上油气,1994(1):14-20.Tao Ruiming. Discussion on basin formation mechanism and basin types in East China sea continental shelf basin based on west pacific plate tectonics[J]. China offshore oil and gas,1994,(1):12-20.
[21]刘金水,廖宗廷,贾健谊,等.东海陆架盆地地质结构及构造演化[J].上海地质,2003,87(3):1-6.Liu Jinshui,Liao Zongting,Jia Jianyi,et al. The geology structure and tectonic evolution of the East China sea shelf basin[J]. Shanghai Geology,203,87(3):1-6.
[22]陆克政,漆家福.渤海湾新生代含油气盆地构造模式[M].北京:北京地质出版社,1997,193-195.Lu Kezhen,Qi Jiafu. The construction mode of the Cenozoic oil&gas bearing basins in Bohai bay[M]. Beijing:Beijing Geologicd Publishing House,1997,193-195.
[23]姚超,角贵浩,王同和,等.中国含油气构造样式[M].北京地质出版社,2004,1-517.Yao Chao,Jiao Guihao,Wang Tonghe,et al. The structural styles of petroliferous basins in China[M]. Beijing:Beijing Geological Publishing House,2004,1-517.
[24]杨启伦.从东海油气勘探谈台湾海峡油气地质[J].上海地质,1992,42(1):1-13.Yang Q L. Discussion of oil&gas geology of the Taiwan strait with the oil&gas exploration of the east China sea[J]. Shanghai Geology,1992,42(1):1-13.
[25]郑求根,周祖翼,蔡立国,等.东海陆架盆地中新生代构造背景及演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):197-201.Zheng Qiuqgen,Zhou Zhuyi,Cai Liguo,et al. Meso-Cenozoic tectonic setting and evolution of East China Sea shelf basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(2):197-201.
[26]徐发.东海陆架盆地新生界结构特征及迁移规律[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(6):1-7.Xu Fa. Characteristics of caenozoic structure and tectonic migration of the east china sea shelf basin[J]. Journal of Oil&Gas Technology,2012,34(6):1-7.
[27]索艳慧,李三忠,戴黎明,等.东亚及其大陆边缘新生代构造迁移与盆地演化[J].岩石学报,2012,28(8):2602-2618.Suo Huiyan,Li Sanzhong,Dai Liming,et al. Cenozoic tectonic migration and basin evolution in East Asia and its continental margins[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(8):2602-2618.
[28]李慧勇,茆利,王粤川,等.渤海沙垒田凸起北部中央走滑带断裂对圈闭的控制[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,37(2):1-4.Li Huiyong,Mao Li,Wang Yuechuan,et al. Tap under fractures in central strike-skip zone of Northern Shaleitian bulge[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2014,37(2):1-4.