基于GIS的福建省60岁及以上不健康和生活不能自理二类老年人口空间分布特征研究
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摘要
目的研究福建省60岁及以上不健康和生活不能自理老年人口的地理空间分布特点,进而掌握人口老龄化的发展规律和趋势。方法利用2010年第六次人口普查中的福建省各县市区的自评健康数据,结合空间自相关分析方法,研究分析了福建省60岁及以上不健康及生活不能自理老年人口的空间格局。结果 2010年福建省60岁及以上不健康及生活不能自理老年人口占比具有显著的空间正相关性和潜在的空间依赖性,且其空间分布都存在较明显的空间分异,其中60岁及以上不健康老年人口占比整体呈现"东北部热,东南部冷"的空间分布格局。60岁及以上生活不能自理的老年人口占比整体呈现"东北部和西南部热,东南部冷"的空间分布格局。结论 60岁及不健康及生活不能自理的老年人口有明显的聚集区域,且这些聚集区域均呈现了团状集聚且连续分布的现象。经济发展水平对2010年福建省60岁及以上老年人口健康状况存在较大的影响。
Objective To study the geographical spatial distribution characteristics of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province so as to understand the development law and trend of population aging.Methods Based on self-rated health data from the 2010 sixth national census in Fujian Province,a spatial autocorrelation analysis method was employed to analyze the spatial pattern of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province in 2010. Results The proportion of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province in 2010 had significantly spatial positive correlation and potential spatial dependence; moreover,its spatial distribution had obvious spatial differentiation. The proportion of unhealthy elderly population aged 60 years and above showed a spatial distribution pattern with hot spot in the northeast region of Fujian Province but cold spot in the southeast region,while the proportion of unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above presented a spatial distribution pattern with hot spot in the northeast and southwest regions of Fujian Province but cold spot in the southeast region. Conclusions The unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province had obvious clustering areas; moreover,these areas were clustered and distributed continuously. The economic development level had a great impact on the health status of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province in 2010.
Objective To study the geographical spatial distribution characteristics of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province so as to understand the development law and trend of population aging.Methods Based on self-rated health data from the 2010 sixth national census in Fujian Province,a spatial autocorrelation analysis method was employed to analyze the spatial pattern of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province in 2010. Results The proportion of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province in 2010 had significantly spatial positive correlation and potential spatial dependence; moreover,its spatial distribution had obvious spatial differentiation. The proportion of unhealthy elderly population aged 60 years and above showed a spatial distribution pattern with hot spot in the northeast region of Fujian Province but cold spot in the southeast region,while the proportion of unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above presented a spatial distribution pattern with hot spot in the northeast and southwest regions of Fujian Province but cold spot in the southeast region. Conclusions The unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province had obvious clustering areas; moreover,these areas were clustered and distributed continuously. The economic development level had a great impact on the health status of unhealthy and unable self-care elderly population aged 60 years and above in Fujian Province in 2010.
引文
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[11]谢花林,李秀彬,张燕婷,等.基于ESDA的京津冀地区草地变化空间分异[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(7):1224-1232.
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[15]杨宇,刘毅,金凤君,等.天山北坡城镇化进程中的水土资源效益及其时空分异[J].地理研究,2012,31(7):1185-1198.
[16]马晓冬,朱传耿,马荣华,等.苏州地区城镇扩展的空间格局及其演化分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(4):405-416.
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[19]石培基,王祖静,李巍.石羊河流域地区城镇空间扩展格局演化[J].地理科学,2012,32(7):840-845.
[2]王博闻,韩金松,张天娇,等. 2012年鞍山市社区老人自立生活水平及影响因素调查[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(6):668-671.
[3]王红美.老年人口健康评价及其管理模式研究[J].中国热带医学,2012,12(10):1290-1293.
[4]Broese van Groenou MI,Deeg DJH,Penninx BWJH. Income differentials in functional disability in old age:relative risks of onset,recovery,decline,attrition and mortality[J]. Aging Clin Exp Res,2003,15(2):174-183.
[5]George LK,Okun MA,Landerman R. Age as a moderator of the determinants of life satisfaction[J]. Res Aging,1985,7(2):209-233.
[6]杜鹏.中国老年人口健康状况分析[J].人口与经济,2013,34(1):3-9.
[7]姜向群,魏蒙,张文娟.中国老年人口的健康状况及影响因素研究[J].人口学刊,2015,37(1):46-56.
[8]张冲,孙炜红,张丹.我国2005-2010年老年人口身体健康状况的变化分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(20):3731-3733.
[9]杨丽,崔颖,檀丁,等.农村老年人口健康状况和卫生服务利用研究[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(6):1076-1077.
[10]张天娇,王博闻,吴义姣,等. 2012-2013年沈阳市农村老人自立生活能力及影响因素[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(4):400-403.
[11]谢花林,李秀彬,张燕婷,等.基于ESDA的京津冀地区草地变化空间分异[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(7):1224-1232.
[12]李松,张凌云,刘洋,等.新疆主要民族空间分布格局演变-基于1982-2010年人口普查数据[J].人口研究,2015,39(1):78-86.
[13]靳诚,陆玉麒.基于县域单元的江苏省经济空间格局演化[J].地理学报,2009,64(6):713-724.
[14]赵小风,黄贤金,张兴榆,等.区域COD、SO2及TSP排放的空间自相关分析:以江苏省为例[J].环境科学,2009,30(6):1580-1587.
[15]杨宇,刘毅,金凤君,等.天山北坡城镇化进程中的水土资源效益及其时空分异[J].地理研究,2012,31(7):1185-1198.
[16]马晓冬,朱传耿,马荣华,等.苏州地区城镇扩展的空间格局及其演化分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(4):405-416.
[17]车前进,段学军,郭垚,等.长江三角洲地区城镇空间扩展特征及机制[J].地理学报,2011,66(4):446-456.
[18]关伟,朱海飞.基于ESDA的辽宁省县际经济空间差异时空分析[J].地理研究,2011,30(11):2008-2016.
[19]石培基,王祖静,李巍.石羊河流域地区城镇空间扩展格局演化[J].地理科学,2012,32(7):840-845.