大沽河下游地区地下水及地表植被对截渗墙的响应
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摘要
为了解大沽河下游地区在建设地下截渗墙之后对地下水位、水质及地表植被的影响,在野外调查、观测及资料收集的基础上,利用地学理论、数理统计方法及3S技术,对该地区浅层地下水位、水质时空变化及其对NDVI指数的影响等进行了深入分析。结果表明:1)大沽河下游地区年内地下水位呈现出单峰单谷曲线,最高水位发生频率最高的时期是9~10月,最低水位发生频率最高的时期是6~7月。截渗墙明显起到了涵养水源的作用,抬升了截渗墙北侧的地下水位,平复了截渗墙的地下水漏斗。2)至2011年截渗墙北侧地下水中Cl-含量下降明显,水质变好。3)研究区域NDVI总体呈逐渐增加的态势,一定程度上表明区域植被覆盖状况明显增加。
In order to understand the effects of construction of underground Cutoff Wall on the groundwater levels,water quality and vegetation in Dagu River downstream areas,on the basis of field investigation,observation and data collection,we used theory,mathematical statistics method and 3S technology,analyzed on the shallow groundwater levels,water quality,temporal and spatial variation and its impact on the NDVI index.The results show that: ①Groundwater showed a unimodal single valley curve in the downstream areas of Dagu River during the year.The period of the highest frequency of highest water level was from September to October,the lowest water level was from June to July.Cutoff Wall was obviously played a role in water conservation,also uplifted the groundwater table and subside the groundwater funnel of Cutoff Wall in the north side.②Untill 2011,the Clcontent in groundwater of Cutoff Wall in the north side decreased significantly and the water quality became good,which explains that on the one hand the Cutoff Wall blocked the channel seawater intrusion,on the other hand the formed terrain conditions remains aquifers underground saltwater body washed Cutoff Wall in upstream.③The regional NDVI overall was gradually increased situational,to some extent,showed that the regional vegetation cover increased significantly.
In order to understand the effects of construction of underground Cutoff Wall on the groundwater levels,water quality and vegetation in Dagu River downstream areas,on the basis of field investigation,observation and data collection,we used theory,mathematical statistics method and 3S technology,analyzed on the shallow groundwater levels,water quality,temporal and spatial variation and its impact on the NDVI index.The results show that: ①Groundwater showed a unimodal single valley curve in the downstream areas of Dagu River during the year.The period of the highest frequency of highest water level was from September to October,the lowest water level was from June to July.Cutoff Wall was obviously played a role in water conservation,also uplifted the groundwater table and subside the groundwater funnel of Cutoff Wall in the north side.②Untill 2011,the Clcontent in groundwater of Cutoff Wall in the north side decreased significantly and the water quality became good,which explains that on the one hand the Cutoff Wall blocked the channel seawater intrusion,on the other hand the formed terrain conditions remains aquifers underground saltwater body washed Cutoff Wall in upstream.③The regional NDVI overall was gradually increased situational,to some extent,showed that the regional vegetation cover increased significantly.
引文
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[13]安乐生,赵全升,叶思源,等.黄河三角洲地下水关键水盐因子及其植被效应[J].水科学进展,2011,22(5):690-695.
[14]金晓媚.黑河下游额济纳绿洲荒漠植被与地下水位埋深的定量关系[J].地学前缘,2010,17(6):181-186.
[15]李锦秀,肖洪浪,任娟.阿拉善地区水资源与生态环境变化及其对策研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(11):56-61.
[16]赵全升,冯娟,安乐生.德州市浅层地下水水质演化[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(5):1075-1082.
[17]Paruelo J M,Epstei H E,Lauenroth W K,et al.ANPP estimates from NDVI for the central grassland region of the United States[J].Ecology,1997(78):953-958.
[18]叶玉玲.胶州湾周边地下水水文地球化学特征及营养盐输送[D].中国海洋大学,2006.
[2]Bear J,Cheng A,Sorek S,et al.Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers Concepts,Methods and Practice[M].Theory and Applications of Transport in Porous Media,vol.14 Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht,The Netherlands,1999.
[3]Todd D K.Ground Water Hydrology[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,1959.
[4]Gualbert H P,Oude Essink.Improving fresh groundwater supply-problems and solutions[J].Ocean and Coastal Management,2001,44(5-6):429-449.
[5]赵天石,杨绍南.建设地下水库是大连市开发水资源的重要途径[J].水文地质工程地质,2000,11(4):37-40.
[6]Hudak P F.Locating groundwater monitoring wells near cutoffwalls[J].Advances in Environmental Research,2001,5(1):23-29.
[7]刘衍美.大沽河下游地下水库截渗墙建设前后水质分析与防治对策[J].地下水,2005,27(1):23-24.
[8]栾熙明,郑西来,林国庆,等.青岛大沽河下游地下咸水体变化的数值模拟[J].地下水,2009,31(3):7-10.
[9]郑西来,程善福,林国庆.滨海地下水库利用与保护[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[10]Jr Roger Luyun,Kazuro Momii,Nakagawab K.Laboratory-scale saltwater behavior due to subsurface cutoff wall[J].Journal of Hydrology,2009,377(3-4):227-236.
[11]尹泽生.莱州湾滨海区域海水入侵研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,1992:58-59.
[12]Marco Antonellini,Pauline Nella Mollema.Impact of groundwater salinity on vegetation species richness in the coastal pine forests and wetlands of Ravenna,Italy[J].Ecological Engineering,2010,36(9):1201-1211.
[13]安乐生,赵全升,叶思源,等.黄河三角洲地下水关键水盐因子及其植被效应[J].水科学进展,2011,22(5):690-695.
[14]金晓媚.黑河下游额济纳绿洲荒漠植被与地下水位埋深的定量关系[J].地学前缘,2010,17(6):181-186.
[15]李锦秀,肖洪浪,任娟.阿拉善地区水资源与生态环境变化及其对策研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(11):56-61.
[16]赵全升,冯娟,安乐生.德州市浅层地下水水质演化[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(5):1075-1082.
[17]Paruelo J M,Epstei H E,Lauenroth W K,et al.ANPP estimates from NDVI for the central grassland region of the United States[J].Ecology,1997(78):953-958.
[18]叶玉玲.胶州湾周边地下水水文地球化学特征及营养盐输送[D].中国海洋大学,2006.