药用植物种植对盐渍土中阴阳离子的影响
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摘要
为研究药用植物对盐渍土中离子的影响,在不同浓度NaCl处理土壤中种植薏米(Semen coicis)、甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)、草红花(Carthamus tinctorius L.)、菊苣(Cichorium intybus)和狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides),通过测定土壤中阴阳离子含量的变化,筛选出适合不同程度盐渍化土壤种植的药用植物。结果表明:药用植物能降低盐土中水溶性Na~+含量,5种药用植物降低土壤水溶性Na~+效果相当;除了薏米外,其他药用植物均能降低土壤水溶性K+含量,以草红花和菊苣降低最多;5种药用植物也可降低土壤水溶性Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)含量;土壤中加入NaCl不但增加了Cl~-含量,也增加HCO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)含量,3种水溶性阴离子含量随NaCl浓度的增大而增大,5种药用植物都降低了NaCl处理土壤中水溶性Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)含量,菊苣降低水溶性Cl~-效果最佳,甘草降低水溶性SO_4~(2-)效果较好,5种药用植物也降低了高浓度NaCl处理土壤中水溶性HCO_3~-含量。
In this paper, we investigated the effects of medicinal plants on salt ions in saline soil by growing Semen coicis,Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Carthamus tinctorius L., Cichorium intybus and Pennisetum alopecuroides in soils that contain different concentrations of NaCl. The suitable medicinal plants for soils that were salinized to various degrees were sorted out by monitoring the change of anions and cations in the soil. The results showed that medicinal plants could decrease the amount of water-soluble Na~+ in saline soil, and the five medicinal plants possessed comparable ability in reducing soil water-soluble Na+.Apart from Semen coicis, other medicinal plants could also reduce the content of water-soluble K+ in the soil, with Carthamus tinctorius L. and Cichorium intybus being the most effective ones. Those five medicinal plants reduced water soluble Ca~(2+) and Mg~(2+) as well. The addition of NaCl in soil not only increased the concentration of Cl~-, but also increased the content of HCO_3~- and SO_4~(2-). The amount of those three water-soluble anions increased as the concentration of NaCl rose. All the medicinal plants decreae the content of water-soluble Cl-and SO_4~(2-) for soils under NaCl treatment. Among them, Cichorium intybus was the best reducing the water-soluble Cl~-, while Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is was the most effective one in decreasing water-soluble SO_4~(2-).Those five medicinal plants also successfully reduced water-soluble HCO_3~- content in soil with high NaCl treatment.
In this paper, we investigated the effects of medicinal plants on salt ions in saline soil by growing Semen coicis,Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Carthamus tinctorius L., Cichorium intybus and Pennisetum alopecuroides in soils that contain different concentrations of NaCl. The suitable medicinal plants for soils that were salinized to various degrees were sorted out by monitoring the change of anions and cations in the soil. The results showed that medicinal plants could decrease the amount of water-soluble Na~+ in saline soil, and the five medicinal plants possessed comparable ability in reducing soil water-soluble Na+.Apart from Semen coicis, other medicinal plants could also reduce the content of water-soluble K+ in the soil, with Carthamus tinctorius L. and Cichorium intybus being the most effective ones. Those five medicinal plants reduced water soluble Ca~(2+) and Mg~(2+) as well. The addition of NaCl in soil not only increased the concentration of Cl~-, but also increased the content of HCO_3~- and SO_4~(2-). The amount of those three water-soluble anions increased as the concentration of NaCl rose. All the medicinal plants decreae the content of water-soluble Cl-and SO_4~(2-) for soils under NaCl treatment. Among them, Cichorium intybus was the best reducing the water-soluble Cl~-, while Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is was the most effective one in decreasing water-soluble SO_4~(2-).Those five medicinal plants also successfully reduced water-soluble HCO_3~- content in soil with high NaCl treatment.
引文
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[13]Boyd D C,Rogers M E.Effect of salinity on the growth of chicory(Cichorium intybus cv.Puna)--a potential dairy forage species for irrigation areas[J].Aust J Exp Agric,2004,44(2):189-192.
[14]金丽,李佳宁,郑强.盐碱地生物改碱试验研究[J].山东水利,2018(11):19-21,26.
[15]刘卓,王志峰,于洪柱,等.不同苜蓿品种种子萌发期耐盐性的研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2010,25(3):358-363.
[2]张万钧.盐渍土绿化[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999.
[3]张征云,孙贻超,孙静,等.天津市土壤盐渍化现状与敏感性评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(4):954-957.
[4]付颖.天津滨海盐碱土水盐动态及有机改良剂的改良效果研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2015.
[5]乔世英,成树春,王志本.中国甘草[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2004.
[6]郗金标,张福锁,田长彦.新疆盐生植物[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[7]Wang D,Yuan F,Wang B S,et al.Response of plant biofuel hybrid Pennisetum to NaCl stress and its salinity threshold[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2012,36(6):572-577.
[8]Greenway H,Munns R.Mechanisms of salt tolerance in non halophytes[J].Annu Rev Plant Physiol,1980,31:149-190.
[9]陈健妙,郑青松,刘兆普,等.麻疯树(Jatropha curcas L.)幼苗生长和光合作用对盐胁迫的响应[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1356-1365.
[10]吉海军,商万有.甘草的生物学特性及栽培要点概述[J].吉林农业,2011(10):86.
[11]崔兴国.甘草种子萌发耐盐性研究[J].衡水学院学报,2011,13(1):48-50.
[12]杨秀红,李建民,董学会,等.盐胁迫对甘草幼苗生长及其生理指标的影响[J].华北农学报,2006,21(4):39-42.
[13]Boyd D C,Rogers M E.Effect of salinity on the growth of chicory(Cichorium intybus cv.Puna)--a potential dairy forage species for irrigation areas[J].Aust J Exp Agric,2004,44(2):189-192.
[14]金丽,李佳宁,郑强.盐碱地生物改碱试验研究[J].山东水利,2018(11):19-21,26.
[15]刘卓,王志峰,于洪柱,等.不同苜蓿品种种子萌发期耐盐性的研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2010,25(3):358-363.