南海北部陆架边缘区域地质灾害类型特征及分布规律
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摘要
在对近10余年来珠江口盆地区域内惠州、西江、陆丰、番禺、恩平、流花、荔湾、白云等区块勘探开发过程中采集的三维地震资料、工程物探资料和工程地质钻探资料进行系统分析基础上,研究了该区域内与海洋工程密切相关的主要海洋地质灾害类型,包括沙波、珊瑚礁、硬质地层、海底峡谷、海底冲沟、海底陡坎、海底滑坡、断层、天然气水合物和浅层气等10种,阐述了这10种地质灾害类型的特征及分布规律,分析了其形成机制及对海洋油气勘探开发工程的潜在灾害影响,可为该地区海洋油气勘探开发采取相应的应对措施、降低海洋工程风险提供科学依据。
Based on the 3D seismic data,geophysical data and geotechnical data collected during the offshore oil and gas exploration and development activities in the past ten years in the blocks within the Pearl River Mouth basin,such as Huizhou,Xijiang,Lufeng,Panyu,Enping,Liuhua,Liwan,and Baiyun,etc.,a systematical analysis was conducted concerning ten main types of marine geological hazards closely related to offshore engineering.These hazards include sand waves,coral reefs,hardpan,submarine seafloor canyon,submarine seafloor gully,submarine seafloor escarpment,submarine seafloor landslides,faults,natural gas hydrate and shallow gas.Their features and distribution pattern were expounded;and their forming mechanisms and potential disastrous influences on offshore oil and gas exploration and development projects were evaluated.The work here provides scientific basis for taking corresponding solutions to the geological hazards and reducing the risk in offshore oil and gas exploration and development activities in the region.
Based on the 3D seismic data,geophysical data and geotechnical data collected during the offshore oil and gas exploration and development activities in the past ten years in the blocks within the Pearl River Mouth basin,such as Huizhou,Xijiang,Lufeng,Panyu,Enping,Liuhua,Liwan,and Baiyun,etc.,a systematical analysis was conducted concerning ten main types of marine geological hazards closely related to offshore engineering.These hazards include sand waves,coral reefs,hardpan,submarine seafloor canyon,submarine seafloor gully,submarine seafloor escarpment,submarine seafloor landslides,faults,natural gas hydrate and shallow gas.Their features and distribution pattern were expounded;and their forming mechanisms and potential disastrous influences on offshore oil and gas exploration and development projects were evaluated.The work here provides scientific basis for taking corresponding solutions to the geological hazards and reducing the risk in offshore oil and gas exploration and development activities in the region.
引文
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[9]杨敬红,吴秋云,周杨锐.荔湾3-1气田深水段管线路由区工程地质分区与评价[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(2):82-87.YANG Jinghong,WU Qiuyun,ZHOU Yangrui.Engineering geological zoning and evaluation along the deep water segment of the pipeline route in LW3-1 gasfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(2):82-87.
[10]孙杰,詹文欢,贾建业,等.珠江口海域灾害地质因素及其与环境变化的关系[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(1):104-110.SUN Jie,ZHAN Wenhuan,JIA Jianye,et al.Hazardous geology and its relationship with environmental evolution in the Pearl River Estuary[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2010,29(1):104-110.
[11]张虎男.南海北部地质灾害对油气勘探开发的影响[J].中国海上油气(地质),1994,8(4):252-259.ZHANG Hunan.Geological disasters in the northern part of South China sea influence on the oil and gas exploration and exploitation[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1994,8(4):252-259.
[12]叶银灿,陈俊仁,潘国富,等.海底浅层气的成因、赋存特征及其对工程的危害[J].东海海洋,2003,21(1):27-36.YE Yincan,CHEN Junren,PAN Guofu,et al.A study of formation cause,existing characteristics of the shallow gas and its danger to engineering[J].Donghai Marine Science,2003,21(1):27-36.
[2]马胜中,陈太浩.珠江口近岸海洋地质灾害类型[J].广东地质,2006,21(4):13-21.MA Shengzhong,CHEN Taihao.Marine geological hazards in the Pearl River Estuary[J].Guangdong Geology,2006,21(4):13-21.
[3]李平鲁.珠江口盆地新生代构造运动[J].中国海上油气(地质),1993,7(6):11-17.LI Pinglu.Cenozoic tectonic movement in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1993,7(6):11-17.
[4]刘乐军,傅命佐,李家钢,等.荔湾3-1气田海底管道深水段地质灾害特征[J].海洋科学进展,2014,32(2):162-174.LIU Lejun,FU Mingzuo,LI Jiagang,et al.Geologic hazards in the deep pipeline routing area of the Liwan 3-1 gas field in the South China Sea[J].Advances in Marine Science,2014,32(2):162-174.
[5]胡知辉,赵军,宋林松,等.复杂地层条件下自升式钻井平台插桩穿刺分析[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(5):344-348.HU Zhihui,ZHAO Jun,SONG Linsong,et al.Analysis on punchthrough during the jack-up unit preloading in complex stratum[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(5):344-348.
[6]郑喜耀.自升式钻井平台插桩深度计算及几个问题的探讨[J].中国海上油气(工程),2000,12(2):18-21.ZHENG Xiyao.Calculation of jack-up drilling platform leg penetration and some discussions[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Engineering),2000,12(2):18-21.
[7]郑喜耀,周松望,姚首龙.自升式钻井平台插桩分析的几个关键问题[J].海洋通报,2014(1):84-89.ZHENG Xiyao,ZHOU Songwang,YAO Shoulong.Key issues for the jack-up rig leg penetration analysis[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2014(1):84-89.
[8]年永吉,朱友生,陈强,等.流花深水区块典型滑坡特征的研究与认识[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(3):1412-1417.NIAN Yongji,ZHU Yousheng,CHEN Qiang,et al.The research and cognition of typical submarine landslide characteristics of Liuhua deepwater block[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(3):1412-1417.
[9]杨敬红,吴秋云,周杨锐.荔湾3-1气田深水段管线路由区工程地质分区与评价[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(2):82-87.YANG Jinghong,WU Qiuyun,ZHOU Yangrui.Engineering geological zoning and evaluation along the deep water segment of the pipeline route in LW3-1 gasfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(2):82-87.
[10]孙杰,詹文欢,贾建业,等.珠江口海域灾害地质因素及其与环境变化的关系[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(1):104-110.SUN Jie,ZHAN Wenhuan,JIA Jianye,et al.Hazardous geology and its relationship with environmental evolution in the Pearl River Estuary[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2010,29(1):104-110.
[11]张虎男.南海北部地质灾害对油气勘探开发的影响[J].中国海上油气(地质),1994,8(4):252-259.ZHANG Hunan.Geological disasters in the northern part of South China sea influence on the oil and gas exploration and exploitation[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1994,8(4):252-259.
[12]叶银灿,陈俊仁,潘国富,等.海底浅层气的成因、赋存特征及其对工程的危害[J].东海海洋,2003,21(1):27-36.YE Yincan,CHEN Junren,PAN Guofu,et al.A study of formation cause,existing characteristics of the shallow gas and its danger to engineering[J].Donghai Marine Science,2003,21(1):27-36.