地铁出入口排烟方案分析
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摘要
为研究地铁车站出入口排烟的合理方案,通过大量工程实例,根据机房位置的不同将地铁出入口排烟设计方案分为5类,从气流组织、土建影响、排烟效果等方面对在车站大系统机房设置排烟风机、在地下通道旁边设置排烟机房、结合出入口设置地面排烟机房、出入口通道顶部设置土建夹层作为排烟机房、在地面出入口屋顶设置排烟风机等5类方案的优缺点进行分析,并对高度超过10 m的多级提升出入口防烟方案进行设计,得出不同情况下建议采取的最佳排烟方案,以期为地铁车站出入口排烟方案的设计提供参考。
In this paper,a number of practices of smoke exhaust scheme for entrance and exit of metro station are introduced; the smoke exhaust scheme for entrance and exit of metro station is divided into 5 kinds; advantages and disadvantages of the schemes,i. e. the smoke exhaust fan set at station system room,smoke exhaust machine room set beside underground passageway,smoke exhaust machine room set on ground connected with entrance and exit,smoke exhaust machine room set on top of entrance and exit,and smoke exhaust fan set on top of entrance and exit,are analyzed in terms of air organization,environment influence and smoke exhaust effect,etc. The smoke prevention schemes for multi-stage lifting entrance and exit with height larger than 10 m are designed. Optimal smoke exhause schemes are obtained for several situations. The results can provide reference for smoke exhaust scheme design for entrance and exit of metro station.
In this paper,a number of practices of smoke exhaust scheme for entrance and exit of metro station are introduced; the smoke exhaust scheme for entrance and exit of metro station is divided into 5 kinds; advantages and disadvantages of the schemes,i. e. the smoke exhaust fan set at station system room,smoke exhaust machine room set beside underground passageway,smoke exhaust machine room set on ground connected with entrance and exit,smoke exhaust machine room set on top of entrance and exit,and smoke exhaust fan set on top of entrance and exit,are analyzed in terms of air organization,environment influence and smoke exhaust effect,etc. The smoke prevention schemes for multi-stage lifting entrance and exit with height larger than 10 m are designed. Optimal smoke exhause schemes are obtained for several situations. The results can provide reference for smoke exhaust scheme design for entrance and exit of metro station.
引文
[1]地铁设计规范:GB 50157—2013[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.Code for design of metro:GB 50157-2013[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2013.
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[8]窦瑶.浅谈城市轨道交通出入口设计[J].铁道建筑技术,2012(增刊2):20.DOU Yao.Comments on entrance and exit design of urban rail transit[J].Railway Construction Technology,2012(S2):20.
[9]杨立新.加强地铁车站防火灾设计措施的研究(上)[J].铁道工程学报,2007(6):85.YANG Lixin.Reasearch on strengthening the design measures for fire prevention for metro station[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2007(6):85.
[10]薛华培.简论地下空间的防火与安全疏散设计[J].地下空间,2003,23(3):323.XUE Huapei.Design for the fire-control and evacuation in underground facilities[J].Underground Space,2003,23(3):323.
[11]李莉,李俊刚.地铁车站出入口的规划研究[J].低温建筑技术,2014(12):26.LI Li,LI Jungang.Study on the planning of subway station entrances and exits[J].Low Temperature Architecture Technology,2014(12):26.
[12]张丹.浅析地铁车站内走道、出入口通道、紧急疏散通道、避难走道的防排烟设计[J].低碳世界,2015(10):213.ZHANG Dan.Analysis of smoke prevention and control design of walkway,entrance and exit passage,emergency evacuation passage and evacuation walkway in metro station[J].Low Carbon World,2015(10):213.
[13]童林旭.地下空间内部灾害特点与综合防灾系统[J].地下空间,1997,17(1):43.TONG Linxu.Underground disaster internal disaster characteristics and integrated disaster prevention system[J].Underground Space,1997,17(1):43.
[14]纪杰,钟伟,高子鹤.狭长空间烟气流动特性及控制方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.JI Jie,ZHONG Wei,GAO Zihe.Smoke movement and control in long and narrow spaces[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015.
[2]游晓强.浅析地铁出入口、地下通道通风排烟设计[J].城市建设理论研究,2014(11):65.YOU Xiaoqiang.Analysis of ventilation and smoke design in subway entrance and underground passage[J].Urban Construction Theory Research,2014(11):65.
[3]兰彬,秦建民.国内外防排烟技术研究的现状和研究方向[J].消防科学与技术,2001(2):17.LAN Bin,QIN Jianmin.Universal technical conditions of steel structure fire coating-analysis of the revised key points[J].Fire Science and Technology,2001(2):17.
[4]许鸿.浅析地铁车站防排烟设计[J].大科技,2013(2):161.XU Hong.Analysis of smoke prevention and design of subway station[J].Technology,2013(2):161.
[5]刘江.地铁地下车站防排烟设计浅论[J].铁道标准设计,2010(增刊2):111.LIU Jiang.Design on smoke management at underground station in metro[J].Railway Standard Design,2010(S2):111.
[6]张德志.重庆深埋地铁车站出入口安全疏散设计[J].都市快轨交通,2009,22(2):56.ZHANG Dezhi.Safety evacuation design for the entrances and exits of deep stations on Chongqing Metro[J].Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2009,22(2):56.
[7]张雷.地铁车站出入口优化布置浅析[J].现代城市轨道交通,2006(6):60.ZHANG Lei.Optimized layout for the exit and entrance of metro stations[J].Modern Urban Transit,2006(6):60.
[8]窦瑶.浅谈城市轨道交通出入口设计[J].铁道建筑技术,2012(增刊2):20.DOU Yao.Comments on entrance and exit design of urban rail transit[J].Railway Construction Technology,2012(S2):20.
[9]杨立新.加强地铁车站防火灾设计措施的研究(上)[J].铁道工程学报,2007(6):85.YANG Lixin.Reasearch on strengthening the design measures for fire prevention for metro station[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2007(6):85.
[10]薛华培.简论地下空间的防火与安全疏散设计[J].地下空间,2003,23(3):323.XUE Huapei.Design for the fire-control and evacuation in underground facilities[J].Underground Space,2003,23(3):323.
[11]李莉,李俊刚.地铁车站出入口的规划研究[J].低温建筑技术,2014(12):26.LI Li,LI Jungang.Study on the planning of subway station entrances and exits[J].Low Temperature Architecture Technology,2014(12):26.
[12]张丹.浅析地铁车站内走道、出入口通道、紧急疏散通道、避难走道的防排烟设计[J].低碳世界,2015(10):213.ZHANG Dan.Analysis of smoke prevention and control design of walkway,entrance and exit passage,emergency evacuation passage and evacuation walkway in metro station[J].Low Carbon World,2015(10):213.
[13]童林旭.地下空间内部灾害特点与综合防灾系统[J].地下空间,1997,17(1):43.TONG Linxu.Underground disaster internal disaster characteristics and integrated disaster prevention system[J].Underground Space,1997,17(1):43.
[14]纪杰,钟伟,高子鹤.狭长空间烟气流动特性及控制方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.JI Jie,ZHONG Wei,GAO Zihe.Smoke movement and control in long and narrow spaces[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015.