北京地铁16号线出入口建筑标准化设计
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摘要
地铁出入口作为联系地上、地下城市空间的载体,其结构布局、建筑形式与城市功能、规划、景观息息相关。作为北京首次采用8A编组的地铁线路,地铁16号线不仅可满足更高的交通需求,更对车站附属地面建筑及与周边环境的融合关系等问题高度重视。结合出入口功能、占地及外观体量,全线出入口建筑类型主要分为标准直出口(含带室外排烟风室)、侧出口(含带室外排烟风室)、出入口和无障碍合建口、独立无障碍口、安全出口等,分别对其地面建筑外轮廓尺寸进行标准化设计。同时,对地下通道高宽、爬升段楼扶梯布置形式进行了统一,为地下出地面基础部分提供了预留预埋的接口条件,也为今后地铁车站的出入口建筑设计提供了一定的指导。
As the link between the surface and underground city space, a metro station exit is not only involved in passenger flow, but also has a close connection to the city's function, planning, and landscape. Being the first 8 A-marshalling subway line in Beijing, Line 16 progresses such issues as the structural configuration, architectural form, and integration of affiliated surface buildings with the surrounding environment. Exits for Line 16 are mainly divided according to their function, space, and appearance into: standard vertical exits(with outdoor ventilation chambers), side exits(with outdoor ventilation chambers), integrated exits with barrier-free access, independent, wheelchair accessible exits, and emergency exits. Each type of the exits is uniformly designed to fit within the external dimensions of the surface building. The layouts of staircases as well as the heights of underground passages are uniform. The Line is also standardized for the pre-embedded interface between underground buildings and surface buildings. All of these innovations provide an effective framework for the design of subway exits.
As the link between the surface and underground city space, a metro station exit is not only involved in passenger flow, but also has a close connection to the city's function, planning, and landscape. Being the first 8 A-marshalling subway line in Beijing, Line 16 progresses such issues as the structural configuration, architectural form, and integration of affiliated surface buildings with the surrounding environment. Exits for Line 16 are mainly divided according to their function, space, and appearance into: standard vertical exits(with outdoor ventilation chambers), side exits(with outdoor ventilation chambers), integrated exits with barrier-free access, independent, wheelchair accessible exits, and emergency exits. Each type of the exits is uniformly designed to fit within the external dimensions of the surface building. The layouts of staircases as well as the heights of underground passages are uniform. The Line is also standardized for the pre-embedded interface between underground buildings and surface buildings. All of these innovations provide an effective framework for the design of subway exits.
引文
[1]朱悦明,佘才高,杨秀仁.地铁工程设计创新与实践:南京地铁工程设计总结[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2013.
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[6]谢仁德.北京地铁一、二期车站出入口优劣辨[J].地铁与轻轨,2001(1):21-24.
[7]马玥.对上海地铁车站独立出入口形式的思考[J].地下工程与隧道,2008(3):16-18.
[8]刘弘.都市回廊:北京地铁5号线出入口设计[J].建筑创作,2008(6):124-128.LIU Hong.Metro corridor:the design of entrances of Beijing subway line 5[J].Archicreation,2008(6):124-128.
[9]冯洪金.地铁出入口及地面建筑环境装饰设计[J].城市建设理论研究,2016(9):48-49.
[10]梁伟健.谈地铁车站地面建筑设计技术特点[J].知识经济,2013(11):103.
[2]肖锡斌.广州地铁出入口建筑设计[J].广州建筑,2007(1):16-18.XIAO Xibin.Building design of Guangzhou metro station exit and entrance[J].Guangzhou architecture,2007(1):16-18.
[3]姚显贵.地铁出入口建筑设计理论与实践[J].隧道建设,2014,34(12):1154-1161.YAO Xiangui.Theory and practice of architectural design of entrance/exit of metro station[J].Tunnel construction,2014,34(12):1154-1161.
[4]邢冬梅.北京地铁车站附属建筑的设置[J].都市快轨交通,2008,21(4):23-26.XING Dongmei.Arrangement of ancillary buildings for Beijing metro stations[J].Urban rapid rail transit,2008,21(4):23-26.
[5]丁德云,刘维宁,王珂,等.北京地铁地面建筑的现状与建议[J].都市快轨交通,2004,17(2):34-38.DING Deyun,LIU Weining,WANG Ke,et al.Present situation and suggestion about the aboveground buildings of Beijing metro[J].Urban rapid rail transit,2004,17(2):34-38.
[6]谢仁德.北京地铁一、二期车站出入口优劣辨[J].地铁与轻轨,2001(1):21-24.
[7]马玥.对上海地铁车站独立出入口形式的思考[J].地下工程与隧道,2008(3):16-18.
[8]刘弘.都市回廊:北京地铁5号线出入口设计[J].建筑创作,2008(6):124-128.LIU Hong.Metro corridor:the design of entrances of Beijing subway line 5[J].Archicreation,2008(6):124-128.
[9]冯洪金.地铁出入口及地面建筑环境装饰设计[J].城市建设理论研究,2016(9):48-49.
[10]梁伟健.谈地铁车站地面建筑设计技术特点[J].知识经济,2013(11):103.