长江口外海域浅层气地震反射形态特征及分布
|
摘要
通过对长江口外海域浅层气地震反射特征的研究,发现该地区浅层气地震反射形态特征丰富,按不同形态特征分类如下:(1)按整体形态特征分为:幕状反射、柱状反射、气烟囱状反射;(2)按顶界面形态特征分为:不规则顶界面、较规则顶界面;(3)按侧面形态特征分为:侧面竖直、侧向突出;(4)按组合形态特征分为:垂向多层强反射、横向间断的浅层气反射、竖向变化的浅层气反射。总结了调查区内浅层气反射形态特征的分布规律,编制了长江口外海域浅层气分布图。讨论了浅层气反射区内部的强反射分布形态与浅层气空间运移路径的对应关系。
There are various kinds of shallow gas seismic reflections in shape in the region off the Yangtze River estuary.They can be classified into following categories:(1)According to general shape:the curtain-like reflection,the column-like reflection and the gas chimney-like reflection;(2)According to the shape of the top interface:shallow gas with irregular top interface and shallow gas with regular top interface;(3)According to the shape features on lateral:upright and protruded shallow gases;(4)According to the combined shape features:shallow gas with multiple-layer strong reflection in vertical direction,with reflection interrupted on lateral and with reflection varying in vertical direction.Based on the above mentioned shallow gas shape features,we mapped and summarized the distribution pattern of shallow gas in the region,and discussed the relationship between the strong reflections and the migration pathway.
There are various kinds of shallow gas seismic reflections in shape in the region off the Yangtze River estuary.They can be classified into following categories:(1)According to general shape:the curtain-like reflection,the column-like reflection and the gas chimney-like reflection;(2)According to the shape of the top interface:shallow gas with irregular top interface and shallow gas with regular top interface;(3)According to the shape features on lateral:upright and protruded shallow gases;(4)According to the combined shape features:shallow gas with multiple-layer strong reflection in vertical direction,with reflection interrupted on lateral and with reflection varying in vertical direction.Based on the above mentioned shallow gas shape features,we mapped and summarized the distribution pattern of shallow gas in the region,and discussed the relationship between the strong reflections and the migration pathway.
引文
[1]项培林,成利民,王如金.浙江省三北浅滩浅层天然气地质灾害[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2005,16(2):38-57.[XIANG Peilin,CHENG Limin,WANG Rujin.The geological disasters of natural gas in the shallow bottomland of Sanbei riffle in Zhejiang Province[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2005,16(2):38-57.]
[2]冯铭璋,季军.上海地区浅层气地质灾害评估[J].上海地质,2006,100(4):44-47.[FENG Minzhang,JI Jun.The geological hazard evaluation by shallow layered natural gas in Shanghai Region[J].Shanghai Geology,2006,100(4):44-47.]
[3]王振红,潘国富,李冬,等.杭州湾海底地质灾害初步调查[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(8):53-58.[WANG Zhenhong,PAN Guofu,LI Dong,et al.Preliminary study of submarine geo-hazards in Hangzhou Bay[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2011,27(8):53-58.]
[4]冯志强,冯文科,薛万俊,等.南海北部地质灾害及海底工程地质条件评价[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1996:82-115.[FENG Zhiqiang,FENG Wenke,XUE Wanjun,et al.Evaluation of marine geologic hazards and engineering geological conditions in the Northern South China Sea.Nanjing Hehai University Press,1996:82-115.]
[5]Anna C,Antonio S,Gian M.Gas seeps and rock formation in the northern Adriatic Sea[J].Continental Shelf Research,2002,22:2333-2344.
[6]夏真,马胜中,石要红,等.伶仃洋海底浅层气的基本特征[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(3):456-461.[XIA Zhen,MA Shengzhong,SHI Yaohong,et al.Basic characteristics of submarine shallow gas in Lingdingyang firth[J].Quaternary Sciences,2006,26(3):456-461.]
[7]Deniz Cukur,Sebastian Krastel,Yama Tomonaga,et al.Seismic evidence of shallow gas from Lake Van,eastern Turkey[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2013,48:341-353.
[8]Okyar.M,Ediger.V.Seismic evidence of shallow gas in the sediment on the shelf off Trabzon,southeastern Black Sea[J].Continental Shelf Research,1999,19:575-587.
[9]李双林,董贺平,肖菲.海底烃类渗漏的地球物理识别[J].海洋地质动态,2007,23(11):14-21.[LI Shuanlin,DONG Heping,XIAO Fei.Geophysical recognition for the hydrocarbon of the submarine[J].Marine Geology Letters,2007,23(11):14-21.]
[10]陈林,宋海斌,海底天然气渗漏的地球物理特征及识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1067-1073.[CHEN lin,SONG Haibin.Geophysical features and identification of natural gas seepage in marine environment[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1067-1073.]
[11]金翔龙.海洋地球物理研究与海底探测声学技术的发展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1243-1249.[JIN Xianglong.The development of research in marine geophysics and acoustic technology for submarine exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(4):1243-1249.]
[12]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.海底浅层圈闭与浅层气地震反射特征对比[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3):115-122.[GU Zhaofeng,ZHANG Zhixun,LIU Huaishan.Contrast between traps at the shallow subbottom depth and the seismic reflection features of shallow gas[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2009,29(3):115-122.]
[13]金翔龙.东海海洋地质[M].北京:海洋出版社,1992:7-8.[JIN Xianglong,Marine geology of the East China Sea[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,1992:7-8.]
[14]中华人民共和国水利部.中国河流泥沙公报(长江),2011[The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China.The Yangtze River sediment Bulletin,2011.]
[15]许东禹,刘锡清,张训华,等.中国近海地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:12-13.[XU Dongyu,LIU Xiqing,ZHANG Xunhua,et al.Offshore Geology of China[M].Beijing:Geologic Publishing House,1997:12-13.]
[16]杨子庚,林和茂.中国第四纪地层与国际对比[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:69-70.[YANG Zigeng,LIN Hemao.Chinese Quaternary stratigraphy and international comparison[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996:69-70.]
[17]Taylor D I.Near shore shallow gas around the UK coast[J].Continental Shelf Research,1992,12:1135-1144.
[18]Garcia-Gil S,Vilas F,Garci-Garcia A.Shallow gas features in incised-valley fills(Ria de Vigo,NW Spain):a case study[J].Continental Shelf Research,2002,22:2303-2315.
[19]Judd A G,Hovland M.The evidence of shallow gas in marine sediments[J].Continental Shelf Research,1992,12(10):1081-1095.
[20]Schroot B M,Klaver G T,Schüttenhelm R T E,et al.Surface and subsurface expressions of gas seepage to the seabed--examples from the Southern North Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2005,22:499-515.
[21]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.南黄海西部地区浅层气地震特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(3):65-73.[GU Zhaofeng,ZHANG Zhixun,LIU Huaishan.Seismic features of shallow gas in the western area of the Yellow Seas[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2006,26(3):65-73.]
[22]Missiaen T,Murphy S,Loncke L,et al.Very high resolution seismic mapping of shallow gas in the Belgian coastal zone[J].Continental Shelf Research,2002,22:2291-2301.
[23]Sager W W,Lee C S,MacDonald I R,et al.High frequency near-bottom acoustic reflection signature of hydrocarbon seeps on the Northern Gulf of Mexico continental slope[J].Geo-Marine Letters,1999,18:267-276.
[24]孙启良.南海北部深水盆地流体逸散系统与沉积物变形[D].中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2011.[SUN Qiliang,Focused fluid-flow escape system and sediments deformation in deep-water basins of Northern South China Sea[D].Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2011.]
[2]冯铭璋,季军.上海地区浅层气地质灾害评估[J].上海地质,2006,100(4):44-47.[FENG Minzhang,JI Jun.The geological hazard evaluation by shallow layered natural gas in Shanghai Region[J].Shanghai Geology,2006,100(4):44-47.]
[3]王振红,潘国富,李冬,等.杭州湾海底地质灾害初步调查[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(8):53-58.[WANG Zhenhong,PAN Guofu,LI Dong,et al.Preliminary study of submarine geo-hazards in Hangzhou Bay[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2011,27(8):53-58.]
[4]冯志强,冯文科,薛万俊,等.南海北部地质灾害及海底工程地质条件评价[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1996:82-115.[FENG Zhiqiang,FENG Wenke,XUE Wanjun,et al.Evaluation of marine geologic hazards and engineering geological conditions in the Northern South China Sea.Nanjing Hehai University Press,1996:82-115.]
[5]Anna C,Antonio S,Gian M.Gas seeps and rock formation in the northern Adriatic Sea[J].Continental Shelf Research,2002,22:2333-2344.
[6]夏真,马胜中,石要红,等.伶仃洋海底浅层气的基本特征[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(3):456-461.[XIA Zhen,MA Shengzhong,SHI Yaohong,et al.Basic characteristics of submarine shallow gas in Lingdingyang firth[J].Quaternary Sciences,2006,26(3):456-461.]
[7]Deniz Cukur,Sebastian Krastel,Yama Tomonaga,et al.Seismic evidence of shallow gas from Lake Van,eastern Turkey[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2013,48:341-353.
[8]Okyar.M,Ediger.V.Seismic evidence of shallow gas in the sediment on the shelf off Trabzon,southeastern Black Sea[J].Continental Shelf Research,1999,19:575-587.
[9]李双林,董贺平,肖菲.海底烃类渗漏的地球物理识别[J].海洋地质动态,2007,23(11):14-21.[LI Shuanlin,DONG Heping,XIAO Fei.Geophysical recognition for the hydrocarbon of the submarine[J].Marine Geology Letters,2007,23(11):14-21.]
[10]陈林,宋海斌,海底天然气渗漏的地球物理特征及识别方法[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1067-1073.[CHEN lin,SONG Haibin.Geophysical features and identification of natural gas seepage in marine environment[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(4):1067-1073.]
[11]金翔龙.海洋地球物理研究与海底探测声学技术的发展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1243-1249.[JIN Xianglong.The development of research in marine geophysics and acoustic technology for submarine exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(4):1243-1249.]
[12]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.海底浅层圈闭与浅层气地震反射特征对比[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3):115-122.[GU Zhaofeng,ZHANG Zhixun,LIU Huaishan.Contrast between traps at the shallow subbottom depth and the seismic reflection features of shallow gas[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2009,29(3):115-122.]
[13]金翔龙.东海海洋地质[M].北京:海洋出版社,1992:7-8.[JIN Xianglong,Marine geology of the East China Sea[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,1992:7-8.]
[14]中华人民共和国水利部.中国河流泥沙公报(长江),2011[The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China.The Yangtze River sediment Bulletin,2011.]
[15]许东禹,刘锡清,张训华,等.中国近海地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1997:12-13.[XU Dongyu,LIU Xiqing,ZHANG Xunhua,et al.Offshore Geology of China[M].Beijing:Geologic Publishing House,1997:12-13.]
[16]杨子庚,林和茂.中国第四纪地层与国际对比[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:69-70.[YANG Zigeng,LIN Hemao.Chinese Quaternary stratigraphy and international comparison[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996:69-70.]
[17]Taylor D I.Near shore shallow gas around the UK coast[J].Continental Shelf Research,1992,12:1135-1144.
[18]Garcia-Gil S,Vilas F,Garci-Garcia A.Shallow gas features in incised-valley fills(Ria de Vigo,NW Spain):a case study[J].Continental Shelf Research,2002,22:2303-2315.
[19]Judd A G,Hovland M.The evidence of shallow gas in marine sediments[J].Continental Shelf Research,1992,12(10):1081-1095.
[20]Schroot B M,Klaver G T,Schüttenhelm R T E,et al.Surface and subsurface expressions of gas seepage to the seabed--examples from the Southern North Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2005,22:499-515.
[21]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.南黄海西部地区浅层气地震特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(3):65-73.[GU Zhaofeng,ZHANG Zhixun,LIU Huaishan.Seismic features of shallow gas in the western area of the Yellow Seas[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2006,26(3):65-73.]
[22]Missiaen T,Murphy S,Loncke L,et al.Very high resolution seismic mapping of shallow gas in the Belgian coastal zone[J].Continental Shelf Research,2002,22:2291-2301.
[23]Sager W W,Lee C S,MacDonald I R,et al.High frequency near-bottom acoustic reflection signature of hydrocarbon seeps on the Northern Gulf of Mexico continental slope[J].Geo-Marine Letters,1999,18:267-276.
[24]孙启良.南海北部深水盆地流体逸散系统与沉积物变形[D].中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2011.[SUN Qiliang,Focused fluid-flow escape system and sediments deformation in deep-water basins of Northern South China Sea[D].Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2011.]