综采工作面随采地震的采煤机震源模拟
|
摘要
为了分析以采煤机作为震源接收到的随采地震数据的波场特征,从正演模拟的角度出发,通过将采煤机截割方式及滚筒的受力情况转换为震源力函数的形式,以不同时间不同位置的荷载分布作为震源对波动方程进行加载,采用高阶交错网格有限差分法对波动方程进行求解,得到正演单炮数据。最终,数值模拟得到的随采地震数据显示出,采煤机震源激发的波场中,横波能量占据主导地位,纵波能量较小,且在高频数据中,y分量上有明显的槽波存在,其极化特征显示出该槽波为Love型槽波。最终,模拟数据与实际采集的y分量数据对比表明,二者在波场成分及分布方面具有较高的相似性。
In order to analyze the wave field characteristics of seismic-while-mining data excited by coal cutter as seismic source, forward simulation was used to calculate seismic data. We transform the cutting mode of spiral drum and the stress of drum into the force function of seismic source, which is added to the wave equation in the form of load distribution at different time and location. Wave equation is solved by high-order staggered-style finite difference method. Finally, the seismic data obtained by numerical simulation show that shear wave energy is very strong and press wave energy is very weak in the wave field excited by spiral drum. There are obvious in-seam waves-in y component with high frequency, and its polarization characteristics show that in-seam wave is mainly of Love-type. Finally, the comparison between the simulated data and the actual y-component data shows that they have high similarity in wave field composition and distribution.
In order to analyze the wave field characteristics of seismic-while-mining data excited by coal cutter as seismic source, forward simulation was used to calculate seismic data. We transform the cutting mode of spiral drum and the stress of drum into the force function of seismic source, which is added to the wave equation in the form of load distribution at different time and location. Wave equation is solved by high-order staggered-style finite difference method. Finally, the seismic data obtained by numerical simulation show that shear wave energy is very strong and press wave energy is very weak in the wave field excited by spiral drum. There are obvious in-seam waves-in y component with high frequency, and its polarization characteristics show that in-seam wave is mainly of Love-type. Finally, the comparison between the simulated data and the actual y-component data shows that they have high similarity in wave field composition and distribution.
引文
[1]王保利,金丹.矿井槽波地震数据处理系统GeoCoal软件开发与应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2019,47(1):174-180.WANG Baoli,JIN Dan.Development and application of GeoCoal for in-seam seismic data processing[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2019,47(1):174-180.
[2]WANG Baoli.Automatic pickup of arrival time of channel wave based on multi-channel constraints[J].Applied Geophysics,2018,15(1):118-124.
[3]KING A,LUO X.Methodology for tomographic imaging ahead of mining using the shearer as a seismic source[J].Geophysics,2009,74(2):1-8.
[4]LUO X,KING A,WERKEN VAN DE M.Tomographic imaging of rock conditions ahead of mining using the shearer as a seismic source:A feasibility study[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2009,47(11):3671?3678.
[5]TAYLOR N,MERRIAM J,GENDZWILL D,et al.The mining machine as a seismic source for in-seam reflection mapping[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1949,20(1):1365?1368.
[6]陆斌,程建远,胡继武,等.采煤机震源有效信号提取及初步应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(12):2202-2207.LU Bin,CHENG Jianyuan,HU Jiwu,et al.Shearer source signal extraction and preliminary application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(12):2202?2207.
[7]LU B,CHENG J Y,HU J W,et al.Seismic features of vibration induced by mining machines and feasibility to be seismic sources[J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2011(3):76-85.
[8]覃思,程建远.煤矿井下随采地震反射波勘探试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(1):116?119.QIN Si,CHENG Jianyuan.Experimental study on seismic while mining for underground coal mine reflection survey[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(1):116?119.
[9]覃思.随采地震井-地联合超前探测的试验研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):148-151.QIN Si.Underground-surface combined seismic while mining advance detection[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(6):148-151.
[10]郝志勇,周正啟,袁智,等.基于实验测试的采煤机截割载荷的分形分布规律研究[J].应用力学学报,2018,36(2):417-423.HAO Zhiyong,ZHOU Zhengqi,YUAN Zhi,et al.Research on fractal distribution law of shearer cutting load based on experimental test[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2018,36(2):417-423.
[11]刘心,崔海民,许海盟.采煤机滚筒和截齿受力及优化分析[J].煤矿机械,2018,39(6):61-63.LIU Xin,CUI Haimin,XU Haimeng.Stress and optimization analysis of shearer drum and cutting teeth[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2018,39(6):61-63.
[12]李晓豁,李婷,焦丽,等.滚筒采煤机截割载荷的模拟系统开发及其模拟[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):502-506.LI Xiaohuo,LI Ting,JIAO Li,et al.Devolopment of cutting load simulation system and its simulation study on drum shearer[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):502-506.
[13]李世中,孙成禹,彭鹏鹏.可变交错网格优化差分系数法地震波正演模拟[J].石油物探,2018,57(3):378-388.LI Shizhong,SUN Chengyu,PENG Pengpeng.Seismic wave field forward modeling of variable staggered grid optimized difference coefficient method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(3):378-388.
[14]段沛然,李振春,李青阳.等效交错网格高阶有限差分法标量波波场模拟[J].地球物理学进展,http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2982.P.20180725.1051.046.html,2018-07-26.DUAN Peiran,LI Zhenchun,LI Chunyang.High-order finite-difference method based on equivalent staggered grid scheme for scalar wavefield simulation[J].Progress in Geophysics,http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2982.P.20180725.1051.046.html,2018-07-26.
[15]李海山,杨午阳,雍学善.三维一阶速度-应力声波方程全波形反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(4):730-736.LI Haishan,YANG Wuyang,YONG Xueshan.Three-dimensional full waveform inversion based on the first-order velocity-stress acoustic wave equation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(4):730-736.
[16]胡建林,宋维琪,张建坤,等.交错网格有限差分正演模拟的联合吸收边界[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(5):914-920.HU Jianlin,SONG Weiqi,Zhang Jiankun,et al.Joint absorbing boundary in the staggered-grid finite difference forward modeling simulation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(5):914-920.
[2]WANG Baoli.Automatic pickup of arrival time of channel wave based on multi-channel constraints[J].Applied Geophysics,2018,15(1):118-124.
[3]KING A,LUO X.Methodology for tomographic imaging ahead of mining using the shearer as a seismic source[J].Geophysics,2009,74(2):1-8.
[4]LUO X,KING A,WERKEN VAN DE M.Tomographic imaging of rock conditions ahead of mining using the shearer as a seismic source:A feasibility study[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2009,47(11):3671?3678.
[5]TAYLOR N,MERRIAM J,GENDZWILL D,et al.The mining machine as a seismic source for in-seam reflection mapping[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1949,20(1):1365?1368.
[6]陆斌,程建远,胡继武,等.采煤机震源有效信号提取及初步应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(12):2202-2207.LU Bin,CHENG Jianyuan,HU Jiwu,et al.Shearer source signal extraction and preliminary application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(12):2202?2207.
[7]LU B,CHENG J Y,HU J W,et al.Seismic features of vibration induced by mining machines and feasibility to be seismic sources[J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2011(3):76-85.
[8]覃思,程建远.煤矿井下随采地震反射波勘探试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(1):116?119.QIN Si,CHENG Jianyuan.Experimental study on seismic while mining for underground coal mine reflection survey[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(1):116?119.
[9]覃思.随采地震井-地联合超前探测的试验研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):148-151.QIN Si.Underground-surface combined seismic while mining advance detection[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(6):148-151.
[10]郝志勇,周正啟,袁智,等.基于实验测试的采煤机截割载荷的分形分布规律研究[J].应用力学学报,2018,36(2):417-423.HAO Zhiyong,ZHOU Zhengqi,YUAN Zhi,et al.Research on fractal distribution law of shearer cutting load based on experimental test[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2018,36(2):417-423.
[11]刘心,崔海民,许海盟.采煤机滚筒和截齿受力及优化分析[J].煤矿机械,2018,39(6):61-63.LIU Xin,CUI Haimin,XU Haimeng.Stress and optimization analysis of shearer drum and cutting teeth[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2018,39(6):61-63.
[12]李晓豁,李婷,焦丽,等.滚筒采煤机截割载荷的模拟系统开发及其模拟[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):502-506.LI Xiaohuo,LI Ting,JIAO Li,et al.Devolopment of cutting load simulation system and its simulation study on drum shearer[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):502-506.
[13]李世中,孙成禹,彭鹏鹏.可变交错网格优化差分系数法地震波正演模拟[J].石油物探,2018,57(3):378-388.LI Shizhong,SUN Chengyu,PENG Pengpeng.Seismic wave field forward modeling of variable staggered grid optimized difference coefficient method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(3):378-388.
[14]段沛然,李振春,李青阳.等效交错网格高阶有限差分法标量波波场模拟[J].地球物理学进展,http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2982.P.20180725.1051.046.html,2018-07-26.DUAN Peiran,LI Zhenchun,LI Chunyang.High-order finite-difference method based on equivalent staggered grid scheme for scalar wavefield simulation[J].Progress in Geophysics,http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2982.P.20180725.1051.046.html,2018-07-26.
[15]李海山,杨午阳,雍学善.三维一阶速度-应力声波方程全波形反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(4):730-736.LI Haishan,YANG Wuyang,YONG Xueshan.Three-dimensional full waveform inversion based on the first-order velocity-stress acoustic wave equation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(4):730-736.
[16]胡建林,宋维琪,张建坤,等.交错网格有限差分正演模拟的联合吸收边界[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(5):914-920.HU Jianlin,SONG Weiqi,Zhang Jiankun,et al.Joint absorbing boundary in the staggered-grid finite difference forward modeling simulation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(5):914-920.