考虑渗流体力的某大坝地震响应仿真分析
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摘要
针对某水库大坝混凝土连接坝段、均质壤土挡水坝段静动力计算中须考虑渗透体力的问题,提出了一种在静动力计算中渗流体力的施加方法,采用MSC.Marc有限元软件,通过Fortran语言自编用户子程序,对该坝地震响应过程开展仿真分析。计算结果表明:在50年超越概率为10%的设计地震作用下,坝体的水平绝对加速度反应极值为5.0 m/s~2,最大放大系数为7.70;竖向地震永久变形最大值主要集中在最大断面坝顶附近,地震沉陷量约为坝高的0.06%;最大地震动加速度、动位移反应位于坝顶局部位置;坝顶存在明显的鞭鞘效应,需要在坝顶进行适当的抗震加固;各分区的设计与填筑标准、坝体分层填筑方案合理,坝体抗震安全性较好。
For the problem that the seepage force should be considered in the static and dynamic calculation of the concrete connecting section and the homogeneous loam section of a reservoir dam,a method for calculating the seepage force is proposed. A new Fortran subroutine was developed in this study to be implemented into the commercial finite element software MSC. Marc,and the whole seismic response process of the dam was simulated and analyzed. The calculation results show that,under the design earthquake with a 10% exceeding probability in 50 years,the absolute horizontal acceleration response extremum of the dam body is 5. 0 m/s~2 and the maximum amplification factor is 7. 70. The maximum permanent deformation under vertical earthquake is mainly concentrated at the maximum cross section near the top of the dam and the earthquake subsidence is about 0. 06% of the dam height. The maximum ground motion acceleration and the dynamic displacement response is located at the local of the dam crest. It can be concluded that there is an obvious"whiplash effect"on the dam crest where seismic strengthening should be carried out. The design and filling standard of each district is reasonable as well as the dam filling scheme,and the seismic safety of the dam is good.
For the problem that the seepage force should be considered in the static and dynamic calculation of the concrete connecting section and the homogeneous loam section of a reservoir dam,a method for calculating the seepage force is proposed. A new Fortran subroutine was developed in this study to be implemented into the commercial finite element software MSC. Marc,and the whole seismic response process of the dam was simulated and analyzed. The calculation results show that,under the design earthquake with a 10% exceeding probability in 50 years,the absolute horizontal acceleration response extremum of the dam body is 5. 0 m/s~2 and the maximum amplification factor is 7. 70. The maximum permanent deformation under vertical earthquake is mainly concentrated at the maximum cross section near the top of the dam and the earthquake subsidence is about 0. 06% of the dam height. The maximum ground motion acceleration and the dynamic displacement response is located at the local of the dam crest. It can be concluded that there is an obvious"whiplash effect"on the dam crest where seismic strengthening should be carried out. The design and filling standard of each district is reasonable as well as the dam filling scheme,and the seismic safety of the dam is good.
引文
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[10]杨秀竹,李花珍,王星华.地震力作用下软基土石坝的动力响应分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2008,5(3):51-53.(YANG Xiuzhu,LI Huazhen,WANG Xinghua.Dynamical response analysis of the earth-rock dam on soft soil during earthquake[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2008,5(3):51-53.(in Chinese))
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[12]曹学兴,何蕴龙,熊堃,等.考虑围压效应的高土石坝动力响应分析[J].天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2014,47(2):116-123.(CAO Xuexing,HE Yunlong,XIONG Kun,et al.Dynamic response of high rockfill dam considering confining pressure effect[J].Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology),2014,47(2):116-123.(in Chinese))
[13]孔宪京,周扬,邹德高,等.汶川地震紫坪铺面板堆石坝地震波输入研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(7):2110-2116.(KONG Xianjing,ZHOU Yang,ZOU Degao,et al.Study of seismic wave input of Zipingpu concrete face rockfill dam during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(7):2110-2116.(in Chinese))
[14]孔宪京,邹德高,邓学晶.高土石坝综合抗震措施及其效果的验算[J].水利学报,2006,37(12):1489-1495.(KONG Xianjing,ZOU Degao,DENG Xuejing.Comprehensive earthquake resistant measure of high earthrockfill dams and effectiveness verification[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(12):1489-1495.(in Chinese))
[15]PIAO R,RIPPE A,MYERS B.Earth dam liquefaction and deformation analysis using numerical modeling[J].Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2006,8(8):80-85.
[16]赵剑明,温彦锋,刘小生,等.深厚覆盖层上高土石坝极限抗震能力分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增刊1):41-47.(ZHAO Jianming,WEN Yanfeng,LIU Xiaosheng,et al.Study of maximum aseismic capability of high earthrock dam on deep riverbed alluviums[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(Sup1):41-47.(in Chinese))
[17]杨昕光,迟世春.土石坝坡抗震极限分析上限法[J].岩土力学,2013,34(3):721-726.(YANG Xinguang,CHI Shichun.Upper bound method for seismic stability limit analysis of earth-rock dams[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(3):721-726.(in Chinese))
[18]顾淦臣.土石坝地震工程[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1989.
[19]李子阳,谷艳昌,张磊.基于MSC.Marc的高拱坝蓄水期变形分析[J].水利水电科技进展,2008,28(4):15-19.(LI Ziyang,GU Yanchang,ZHANG Lei.MSC.Marcbased deformation analysis of high arch dam in water storage period[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water resources,2008,28(4):15-19.(in Chinese))
[20]杨贵,何敦明,刘汉龙,等.土石坝动力离心模型试验颗粒流数值模拟[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(3):296-301.(YANG Gui,HE Dunming,LIU Hanlong,et al.Advancement of technology on shaking table model test anddynamic analysis of CFRD[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2011,39(3):296-301.(in Chinese))
[21]赵剑明,常亚屏,陈宁.强震区高混凝土面板堆石坝地震残余变形与动力稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增刊1):4547-4552.(ZHAO Jianming,CHANG Yaping,CHEN Ning.Study on earthquakeinduced permanent deformation and dynamic stability of high concrete-faced rockfill dam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(Sup1):4547-4553.(in Chinese))
[2]庞林祥,傅华.高土石坝的地震动力响应分析方法研究与应用[J].水利水电技术,2015(7):3-9.(PANG Linxiang,FU Hua.Study on method for analysis on seismic dynamic response of high earth-rockfill dam and application[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2015(7):3-9.(in Chinese))
[3]李阳,任亮,王瑞骏,等.基于ABAQUS的面板砂砾石坝三维动力有限元分析[J].水资源与水工程学报,2014(6):39-43.(LI Yang,REN Liang,WANG Ruijun,et al.Finite element analysis of 3D dynamics for concrete face rock fill dam based on ABAQUS[J].Journal of Water Resources&Water Engineering,2014(6):39-43.(in Chinese))
[4]任亮.考虑流变特性的面板砂砾石坝静动力有限元分析[D].西安:西安理工大学,2013.
[5]李炎隆,徐娇,李守义.沥青混凝土心墙堆石坝动力有限元分析[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(2):247-253.(LI Yanlong,XU Jiao,LI Shouyi.Finite element analysis of dynamic on rockfill dam with asphaltic concrete core wall[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanic,2014(6):39-43.(in Chinese))
[6]沈振中,崔娟,任华春.土石坝抗震稳定性分析的极限平衡水平条分法[J].南水北调与水利科技,2011,9(3):145-149(SHEN Zhenzhong,CUI Juan,REN Huachun.Quasi-static limit equilibrium horizontal slice method forseismic stability analysis of earth-rock dam[J].South to North Water Diversion and Water Science&Technology,2011,9(3):145-149(in Chinese))
[7]刘小生,王钟宁,赵剑明,等.面板堆石坝振动模型试验及动力分析研究[J].水利学报,2002,33(2):29-35.(LIU Xiaosheng,WANG Zhongning,ZHAO Jianming,et al.Advancement of technology on shaking table model test and dynamic analysis of CFRD[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2002,33(2):29-35.(in Chinese))
[8]窦兴旺,林义兴,夏颂佑,等.深覆盖层上高堆石坝振动台试验与动力数值分析验证研究[J].水利水电科技进展,2000,20(6):19-22.(DOU Xingwang,LIN Yixing,XIA Songyou,et al.Shaking-table test and dynamic numerical analysis of high rookfill dams constructed on deep overburdens[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water resources,2000,20(6):19-22.(in Chinese))
[9]窦兴旺,夏颂佑,许百立.人工边界法在土石坝动力分析中的应用[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2000,28(5):72-75.(DOU Xingwang,XIA Songyou,XU Baili.Application of artificial boundary method to dynamic analysis of embankment dams[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2000,28(5):72-75.(in Chinese))
[10]杨秀竹,李花珍,王星华.地震力作用下软基土石坝的动力响应分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2008,5(3):51-53.(YANG Xiuzhu,LI Huazhen,WANG Xinghua.Dynamical response analysis of the earth-rock dam on soft soil during earthquake[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2008,5(3):51-53.(in Chinese))
[11]丁陆军.面板堆石坝三维动力反应分析[D].西安:西安理工大学,2005.
[12]曹学兴,何蕴龙,熊堃,等.考虑围压效应的高土石坝动力响应分析[J].天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2014,47(2):116-123.(CAO Xuexing,HE Yunlong,XIONG Kun,et al.Dynamic response of high rockfill dam considering confining pressure effect[J].Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology),2014,47(2):116-123.(in Chinese))
[13]孔宪京,周扬,邹德高,等.汶川地震紫坪铺面板堆石坝地震波输入研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(7):2110-2116.(KONG Xianjing,ZHOU Yang,ZOU Degao,et al.Study of seismic wave input of Zipingpu concrete face rockfill dam during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(7):2110-2116.(in Chinese))
[14]孔宪京,邹德高,邓学晶.高土石坝综合抗震措施及其效果的验算[J].水利学报,2006,37(12):1489-1495.(KONG Xianjing,ZOU Degao,DENG Xuejing.Comprehensive earthquake resistant measure of high earthrockfill dams and effectiveness verification[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(12):1489-1495.(in Chinese))
[15]PIAO R,RIPPE A,MYERS B.Earth dam liquefaction and deformation analysis using numerical modeling[J].Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2006,8(8):80-85.
[16]赵剑明,温彦锋,刘小生,等.深厚覆盖层上高土石坝极限抗震能力分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增刊1):41-47.(ZHAO Jianming,WEN Yanfeng,LIU Xiaosheng,et al.Study of maximum aseismic capability of high earthrock dam on deep riverbed alluviums[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(Sup1):41-47.(in Chinese))
[17]杨昕光,迟世春.土石坝坡抗震极限分析上限法[J].岩土力学,2013,34(3):721-726.(YANG Xinguang,CHI Shichun.Upper bound method for seismic stability limit analysis of earth-rock dams[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(3):721-726.(in Chinese))
[18]顾淦臣.土石坝地震工程[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1989.
[19]李子阳,谷艳昌,张磊.基于MSC.Marc的高拱坝蓄水期变形分析[J].水利水电科技进展,2008,28(4):15-19.(LI Ziyang,GU Yanchang,ZHANG Lei.MSC.Marcbased deformation analysis of high arch dam in water storage period[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water resources,2008,28(4):15-19.(in Chinese))
[20]杨贵,何敦明,刘汉龙,等.土石坝动力离心模型试验颗粒流数值模拟[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(3):296-301.(YANG Gui,HE Dunming,LIU Hanlong,et al.Advancement of technology on shaking table model test anddynamic analysis of CFRD[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2011,39(3):296-301.(in Chinese))
[21]赵剑明,常亚屏,陈宁.强震区高混凝土面板堆石坝地震残余变形与动力稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增刊1):4547-4552.(ZHAO Jianming,CHANG Yaping,CHEN Ning.Study on earthquakeinduced permanent deformation and dynamic stability of high concrete-faced rockfill dam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(Sup1):4547-4553.(in Chinese))