2010智利莫尔M_W8.8地震对其破裂区及附近地区地震活动性的影响
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摘要
强震的发生与地壳中应力增加有关。库仑破裂应力被用于研究由于某次强震发生所产生的应力变化。2010年智利莫尔M_W8.8地震发生之后,其破裂区以南地区没有发生M≥6.0地震,而在其以北地区于2015年在智利发生了伊亚佩尔M_W8.3级地震。在这两个地区地震活动性悬殊。本文利用库仑破裂应力研究了2010年智利莫尔M_W8.8地震在这两个地区产生的应力变化。结果表明,2010年智利莫尔M_W8.8地震在其破裂区以北地区产生的应力变化为正值,有利于断层错动发震,而在其破裂区以南地区产生的应力变化为负值,具有抑制断层错动发震的作用。
The occurrence of a strong earthquake is known to be related to the increase of stress in the crust.The Coulomb stress change has been used to investigate the stress changes in the crust imparted by a strong earthquake.There has been no earthquake of M6.0in the region south of the rupture zone since the 2010 M_W8.8Maule earthquake occurred,while eight earthquakes of M6.0have occurred in the region north of the rupture zone,including the 2015 M_W8.3Illapel earthquake.Seismicity in the two regions contrasts sharply.In this paper,the Coulomb stress change is used to investigate the stress changes imparted by the 2010 Maule,Chile M_W8.8earthquake in the two regions.The results show that the Coulomb stress change imparted by the 2010 M_W8.8 Maule earthquake is positive to promote the rupture of earthquakes around north of the rupture zone,and negative to inhibit the rupture of earthquakes in the south.
The occurrence of a strong earthquake is known to be related to the increase of stress in the crust.The Coulomb stress change has been used to investigate the stress changes in the crust imparted by a strong earthquake.There has been no earthquake of M6.0in the region south of the rupture zone since the 2010 M_W8.8Maule earthquake occurred,while eight earthquakes of M6.0have occurred in the region north of the rupture zone,including the 2015 M_W8.3Illapel earthquake.Seismicity in the two regions contrasts sharply.In this paper,the Coulomb stress change is used to investigate the stress changes imparted by the 2010 Maule,Chile M_W8.8earthquake in the two regions.The results show that the Coulomb stress change imparted by the 2010 M_W8.8 Maule earthquake is positive to promote the rupture of earthquakes around north of the rupture zone,and negative to inhibit the rupture of earthquakes in the south.
引文
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[2] King G C P,Stein R S,Lin J.Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1994,84(3):935-953.
[3] Harris R A,Simpson R W,Reasenberg P A.Influence of static stress changes on earthquake locations in southern California[J].Nature,1995,375(6 528):221-224.
[4] Harris R A,Simpson R W.In the Shadow of 1857—the effect of the great Ft Tejon earthquake on subsequent earthquakes in Southern California[J].Geophys Res Lett,1996,23(3):229-232.
[5] Harris R A.Introduction to special section:Stress triggers,stress shadows,and implications for seismic hazard[J].J Geophys Res,1998,103(B1010):24 347-24 358.
[6] Stein R S,Barka A,Dieterich J H.Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939by earthquake static stress triggering[J].Geophys J Int,1997,128(3):594-604.
[7] Toda S,Stein R S,Reasenberg F,et al.Stress transferred by the 1995 MW=6.9Kobe,Japan,shock:Effect on aftershocks and future earthquake probabilities[J].J Geophys Res,1998,103(B1010):24 543-24 565.
[8] Barka A.The 17august 1999Izmit earthquake[J].Science,1999,285(5 435):1 858-1 859.
[9] Stein R S.The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence[J].Nature,1999,402(6 762):605-609.
[10] Mccloskey J,Nalbant S S,Steacy S.Indonesian earthquake:Earthquake risk from co-seismic stress[J].Nature,2005,434(7 031):291.
[11]沈正康,万永革,甘卫军,等.东昆仑活动断裂带大地震之间的黏弹性应力触发研究[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(6):786-795.
[12]万永革,沈正康,曾跃华,等.青藏高原东北部的库仑应力积累演化对大地震发生的影响[J].地震学报,2007,29(2):115-129.
[13]万永革,盛书中,李祥,等.2015年尼泊尔强震序列对中国大陆的应力影响[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(11):4 277-4 286.
[14]单斌,熊熊,郑勇,等.2013年芦山地震导致的周边断层应力变化及其与2008年汶川地震的关系[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2013,43(6):1 002-1 009.
[15] Kendrick E,Bevis M,SmalleyJr R,et al.The Nazca—South America Euler vector and its rate of change[J].J.South Am.Earth Sci.2003,16(2):125-131.
[16] Lay T,Ammon C J,Kanamori H,et al.Teleseismic inversion for rupture process of the 27February 2010Chile(MW8.8)earthquake[J].Geophys Res Lett,2010,38:L13301.
[17] Fred F P,Brooks B,Tong X,et al.Coseismic slip distribution of the February 27,2010 MW8.8Maule,Chile earthquake[J].Geophys Res Lett,2011,38:L09309.
[18]万永革,沈正康,兰从欣.兰德斯地震断层面及其附近余震产生的位移场研究[J].地震学报,2005,27(2):139-146.
[19]石耀霖,曹建玲.中国大地岩石圈等效粘滞系数的计算和讨论[J].地震前缘,2008,15(3):82-95.