国内外近地面臭氧污染研究进展
|
摘要
近年来,各地、各部门贯彻落实国家"大气十条"方案,持续加强大气污染防治,空气质量明显改善。但随着PM2.5浓度大幅下降,近地面臭氧污染问题日益凸显,已经成为影响空气质量达标率的关键因素。从近地面臭氧浓度的时空变化特征、臭氧污染的主控因子、前体物VOCs的化学反应活性、排放来源、臭氧暴露对人群的健康效应等方面,详细介绍了国内外关于近地面臭氧污染的主要研究方法和进展,针对现有研究的不足,进行了总结并指出了未来的研究趋势。
In recent years, all localities and departments have implemented the National Action Plan for Air Pollution and Prevention, and the air quality has improved significantly. However, with the sharp decline in PM_(2.5) concentration, the problem of surface ozone pollution has become increasingly prominent, and been a key factor affecting the air quality compliance rate. The characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes of ozone concentration, the main control factors of ozone pollution, the chemical reactivity of precursor VOCs, the emission sources, and the health effects of ozone exposure on the population were introduced in detail. The main research methods and progress, in light of the deficiencies of existing research, are summarized and the future research trends are pointed out.
In recent years, all localities and departments have implemented the National Action Plan for Air Pollution and Prevention, and the air quality has improved significantly. However, with the sharp decline in PM_(2.5) concentration, the problem of surface ozone pollution has become increasingly prominent, and been a key factor affecting the air quality compliance rate. The characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes of ozone concentration, the main control factors of ozone pollution, the chemical reactivity of precursor VOCs, the emission sources, and the health effects of ozone exposure on the population were introduced in detail. The main research methods and progress, in light of the deficiencies of existing research, are summarized and the future research trends are pointed out.
引文
[1] GENG F H, TIE X X, XU J M, et a1. Characterizations of ozone NOx, and VOCs measured in Shanghai, China[J]. Atmospheric environment, 2008, 42:6 873-6 883.
[2]段玉森,张懿华,王东方,等.我国部分城市臭氧污染时空分布特征分析[J].环境监测管理与技术, 2011,23(S1):34-39.
[3]刘明花,乐群,吕劲文.上海市城郊臭氧浓度变化分析及模拟预报[J].环境科技, 2008, 21(6):1-4.
[4]耿福海,毛晓琴,铁学熙,等. 2006~2008年上海地区臭氧污染特征与评价指标研究[J].热带气象学报, 2010,26(5):584-590.
[5]潘本锋,程麟钧,王建国,等.京津冀地区臭氧污染特征与来源分析[J].中国环境监测,2016,32(5):17-23.
[6]刘芷君,谢小训,谢旻,等.长江三角洲地区臭氧污染时空分布特征[J].生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(3):445-450.
[7]王宇骏,黄新丽,裴成磊,等.广州市近地面臭氧时空变化及其生成对前体物的敏感性初步分析[J].安全与环境工程,2016, 23(3):83-88.
[8]唐文苑,赵春生,耿福海,等.上海地区臭氧周末效应研究[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学, 2009, 39(1):99-105.
[9] WANG Z S, LI Y T, CHEN T, et al. Ground-level ozone in urban Beijing over a 1-year period:temporal variations and relationship to atmospheric oxidation[J].Atmospheric research,2015,164/165:110-117.
[10] SCHIPA I, TANZARELLA A, MANGIA C. Differences between weekend and weekday ozone levels over rural and urban sites in Southern Italy[J]. Environmental monitoring and assessment,2009,156(1/4):509-523.
[11] PULIKESI M, RAYUDU V N, RAMAMURTHI V, et a1.WeekendWeekday differences in nearsurface ozone concentrations in Chennai, South India[J]. International journal of environment and waste management,2009,4(1/2):213-224.
[12] KANNARI A, OHARA T. Theoretical implication of reversals of the ozone weekend effect systematically observed in Japan[J]. Atmospheric chemistry and physics, 2010,10(14):6 765-6 776.
[13]王俊秀,安俊琳,邵平,等.南京北郊大气臭氧周末效应特征分析[J].环境科学, 2017, 38(6):2 256-2 263.
[14] SOLOMON P, COWLING E, HIDY G, et al. Comparison of scientific findings from major ozone field studies in North America and Europe[J].Atmospheric environment, 2000, 34:1 885-1 920.
[15] HIDY G M. Ozone process insights from field experiments[J].Atmospheric environment, 2000,34:2 001-2 022.
[16]漏嗣佳,朱彬,廖宏.中国地区臭氧前体物对地面臭氧的影响[J].大气科学学报, 2010, 33(4):451-459.
[17]聂滕,李璇,王雪松,等.北京市夏季臭氧前体物控制区的分布特征[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2014, 50(3):557-564.
[18]潘本锋,程麟钧,王建国,等.京津冀地区臭氧污染特征与来源分析[J].中国环境监测,2016, 32(5):17-23.
[19]严茹莎,李莉,安静宇,等.上海市夏季臭氧生成与其前体物控制模拟研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2016, 38(1):30-40.
[20]谢旻,李明高,朱宽广,等.南京地区光化学污染特征及其变化趋势研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(11):32-36.
[21]王宇骏,黄新雨,裴成磊,等.广州市近地面臭氧时空变化及其生成对前体物的敏感性初步分析[J]. 2016,23(3):83-88.
[22]熊振华,钱枫,苏荣荣.大气中VOCs分布特征和来源的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术, 2013,36(12M):222-228.
[23]李博伟,黄宇,何世恒,等.我国大气中挥发性有机物的分布特征[J].地球环境学报, 2017, 8(3):225-242.
[24]邵敏,付琳琳,刘莹,等.北京市大气挥发性有机物的关键活性组分及其来源[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学, 2005,35(S1):123-130.
[25]罗玮,王伯光,刘舒乐,等.广州大气挥发性有机物的臭氧生成潜势及来源研究[J].环境科学与技术, 2011,34(5):80-86.
[26]崔虎雄,吴迓名,高松,等.上海城区典型污染过程VOCs特征及臭氧潜势分析[J].环境科学, 2011, 32(12):3 537-3 542.
[27] GERON C, OWEN S, GUENTHER A, et a1. Volatile organic compounds from vegetation in southern Yunnan Province,China:emission rates and some potential regional implications[J]. Atmospheric environment, 2006, 40(10):1 759-1 773.
[28] BAKER B, BAI J H, JOHNSON C, et a1. Wet and dry season ecosystem level fluxes of isoprene and monoterpenes from a southeast Asian secondary forest and rubber tree plantation[J]. Atmospheric environment, 2005,39(2):381-390.
[29]周炎,岳玎利,张涛.春季广州城区空气中VOCs来源解析[J].环境监控与预警, 2017,9(1):42-47.
[30]韩萌,卢学强,冉靓,等.天津市城区夏季VOCs来源解析[J].环境科学与技术, 2011, 34(10):76-80.
[31]蔡长杰,耿福海,俞琼,等.上海中心城区夏季挥发性有机物(VOCs)的源解析[J].环境科学学报, 2010,30(5):926-934.
[32]陈仁杰,陈秉衡,阚海东.上海市近地面臭氧污染的健康影响评价[J].中国环境科学, 2010, 30(5):603-608.
[33]陈琦,孙宏,陈晓东,等.南京市臭氧短期暴露人群急性健康效应研究[J].江苏预防医学, 2017, 28(4):366-368.
[2]段玉森,张懿华,王东方,等.我国部分城市臭氧污染时空分布特征分析[J].环境监测管理与技术, 2011,23(S1):34-39.
[3]刘明花,乐群,吕劲文.上海市城郊臭氧浓度变化分析及模拟预报[J].环境科技, 2008, 21(6):1-4.
[4]耿福海,毛晓琴,铁学熙,等. 2006~2008年上海地区臭氧污染特征与评价指标研究[J].热带气象学报, 2010,26(5):584-590.
[5]潘本锋,程麟钧,王建国,等.京津冀地区臭氧污染特征与来源分析[J].中国环境监测,2016,32(5):17-23.
[6]刘芷君,谢小训,谢旻,等.长江三角洲地区臭氧污染时空分布特征[J].生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(3):445-450.
[7]王宇骏,黄新丽,裴成磊,等.广州市近地面臭氧时空变化及其生成对前体物的敏感性初步分析[J].安全与环境工程,2016, 23(3):83-88.
[8]唐文苑,赵春生,耿福海,等.上海地区臭氧周末效应研究[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学, 2009, 39(1):99-105.
[9] WANG Z S, LI Y T, CHEN T, et al. Ground-level ozone in urban Beijing over a 1-year period:temporal variations and relationship to atmospheric oxidation[J].Atmospheric research,2015,164/165:110-117.
[10] SCHIPA I, TANZARELLA A, MANGIA C. Differences between weekend and weekday ozone levels over rural and urban sites in Southern Italy[J]. Environmental monitoring and assessment,2009,156(1/4):509-523.
[11] PULIKESI M, RAYUDU V N, RAMAMURTHI V, et a1.WeekendWeekday differences in nearsurface ozone concentrations in Chennai, South India[J]. International journal of environment and waste management,2009,4(1/2):213-224.
[12] KANNARI A, OHARA T. Theoretical implication of reversals of the ozone weekend effect systematically observed in Japan[J]. Atmospheric chemistry and physics, 2010,10(14):6 765-6 776.
[13]王俊秀,安俊琳,邵平,等.南京北郊大气臭氧周末效应特征分析[J].环境科学, 2017, 38(6):2 256-2 263.
[14] SOLOMON P, COWLING E, HIDY G, et al. Comparison of scientific findings from major ozone field studies in North America and Europe[J].Atmospheric environment, 2000, 34:1 885-1 920.
[15] HIDY G M. Ozone process insights from field experiments[J].Atmospheric environment, 2000,34:2 001-2 022.
[16]漏嗣佳,朱彬,廖宏.中国地区臭氧前体物对地面臭氧的影响[J].大气科学学报, 2010, 33(4):451-459.
[17]聂滕,李璇,王雪松,等.北京市夏季臭氧前体物控制区的分布特征[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2014, 50(3):557-564.
[18]潘本锋,程麟钧,王建国,等.京津冀地区臭氧污染特征与来源分析[J].中国环境监测,2016, 32(5):17-23.
[19]严茹莎,李莉,安静宇,等.上海市夏季臭氧生成与其前体物控制模拟研究[J].环境污染与防治, 2016, 38(1):30-40.
[20]谢旻,李明高,朱宽广,等.南京地区光化学污染特征及其变化趋势研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(11):32-36.
[21]王宇骏,黄新雨,裴成磊,等.广州市近地面臭氧时空变化及其生成对前体物的敏感性初步分析[J]. 2016,23(3):83-88.
[22]熊振华,钱枫,苏荣荣.大气中VOCs分布特征和来源的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术, 2013,36(12M):222-228.
[23]李博伟,黄宇,何世恒,等.我国大气中挥发性有机物的分布特征[J].地球环境学报, 2017, 8(3):225-242.
[24]邵敏,付琳琳,刘莹,等.北京市大气挥发性有机物的关键活性组分及其来源[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学, 2005,35(S1):123-130.
[25]罗玮,王伯光,刘舒乐,等.广州大气挥发性有机物的臭氧生成潜势及来源研究[J].环境科学与技术, 2011,34(5):80-86.
[26]崔虎雄,吴迓名,高松,等.上海城区典型污染过程VOCs特征及臭氧潜势分析[J].环境科学, 2011, 32(12):3 537-3 542.
[27] GERON C, OWEN S, GUENTHER A, et a1. Volatile organic compounds from vegetation in southern Yunnan Province,China:emission rates and some potential regional implications[J]. Atmospheric environment, 2006, 40(10):1 759-1 773.
[28] BAKER B, BAI J H, JOHNSON C, et a1. Wet and dry season ecosystem level fluxes of isoprene and monoterpenes from a southeast Asian secondary forest and rubber tree plantation[J]. Atmospheric environment, 2005,39(2):381-390.
[29]周炎,岳玎利,张涛.春季广州城区空气中VOCs来源解析[J].环境监控与预警, 2017,9(1):42-47.
[30]韩萌,卢学强,冉靓,等.天津市城区夏季VOCs来源解析[J].环境科学与技术, 2011, 34(10):76-80.
[31]蔡长杰,耿福海,俞琼,等.上海中心城区夏季挥发性有机物(VOCs)的源解析[J].环境科学学报, 2010,30(5):926-934.
[32]陈仁杰,陈秉衡,阚海东.上海市近地面臭氧污染的健康影响评价[J].中国环境科学, 2010, 30(5):603-608.
[33]陈琦,孙宏,陈晓东,等.南京市臭氧短期暴露人群急性健康效应研究[J].江苏预防医学, 2017, 28(4):366-368.