自供电MR阻尼器复合减振系统对斜拉索振动控制试验研究
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摘要
为了提升斜拉索的减振效果,提出了一种基于旋转式电磁能量回收技术的自供电MR阻尼器复合减振系统。其主要由电磁调节式MR阻尼器、能量回收电机(永磁旋转式发电机)以及直线-旋转运动转化机构(滚珠丝杠)等组成,滚珠丝杠将拉索的往复直线运动转化为旋转式发电机转子的正反向转动,发电机回收的振动能量可为MR阻尼器的励磁线圈供电。除MR阻尼器直接耗能外,能量回收电机自身作为电磁阻尼器也参与耗能。模型斜拉索减振试验结果表明:当MR阻尼器与能量回收电机安装在斜拉索相同端时,MR阻尼与电磁阻尼产生耦合、干扰效应,斜拉索减振效果恶化;当MR阻尼器与能量回收电机分别安装在斜拉索不同端时,MR阻尼与电磁阻尼则产生耦合、协同增效作用,斜拉索减振效果将得到提升。MR阻尼器与能量回收电机位置与参数匹配合理的自供电MR阻尼器复合减振系统对斜拉索具有较好的减振效果,可为斜拉索减振提供新技术与方法参考。
To enhance the vibration control performance of stay cables, a new self-powered MR damper hybrid vibration mitigation system based on the rotary electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting technique was proposed. The system consists of a current-adjusted MR damper, an energy-harvesting motor(permanent magnet generator) as well as a linear-rotary motion conversion mechanism(ball screw) that converts the linear vertical vibration of the cable into the back and forth rotation motion of the generator rotor. The electromotive force harvested by the generator was directly used to provide power supply to the induction winding of the MR damper, making the MR damper dissipate vibration energy of the cable without any external power supply. The generator serves as both an energy-harvesting motor and an electromagnetic damper that can also dissipate vibration energy of the cable. Model cable test results shows that there are coupling and interference between the MR damper and the generator. When the MR damper and the generator are attached at the same side of the cable, the control performance of the cable is even worse than a single damper. However, when the MR damper and the generator are attached at the different side of the cable, the control performance of the cable will be dramatically enhanced due to synergistic interaction effects. In conclusion, the superior control performance of the self-powered MR damper hybrid vibration mitigation system for the cable can be achieved through properly matching the location and parameters of the MR damper and the generator. The developed self-powered MR damper hybrid vibration mitigation system can provide a new potential technology and method for cable vibration control.
To enhance the vibration control performance of stay cables, a new self-powered MR damper hybrid vibration mitigation system based on the rotary electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting technique was proposed. The system consists of a current-adjusted MR damper, an energy-harvesting motor(permanent magnet generator) as well as a linear-rotary motion conversion mechanism(ball screw) that converts the linear vertical vibration of the cable into the back and forth rotation motion of the generator rotor. The electromotive force harvested by the generator was directly used to provide power supply to the induction winding of the MR damper, making the MR damper dissipate vibration energy of the cable without any external power supply. The generator serves as both an energy-harvesting motor and an electromagnetic damper that can also dissipate vibration energy of the cable. Model cable test results shows that there are coupling and interference between the MR damper and the generator. When the MR damper and the generator are attached at the same side of the cable, the control performance of the cable is even worse than a single damper. However, when the MR damper and the generator are attached at the different side of the cable, the control performance of the cable will be dramatically enhanced due to synergistic interaction effects. In conclusion, the superior control performance of the self-powered MR damper hybrid vibration mitigation system for the cable can be achieved through properly matching the location and parameters of the MR damper and the generator. The developed self-powered MR damper hybrid vibration mitigation system can provide a new potential technology and method for cable vibration control.
引文
[1]王慧萍,孙利民,胡晓伦.斜拉索-摩擦型阻尼器系统的阻尼特性分析[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(11):213-217.WANG Huiping,SUN Limin,HU Xiaolun.Damping characteristics of a stayed cable-friction damper system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(11):213-217.
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[5]ZHOU H J,YANG X,SUN L M,et al.Free vibrations of a two-cable network with near-support dampers and a cross-link[J].Structural Control and Health Monitoring,2015,22(9):1173-1192.
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[7]HUANG P,WANG X Y,WEN Q,et al.Active control of stay cable vibration using a giant magnetostrictive actuator[J].Journal of Aerospace Engineering,2018,31(5):04018074.
[8]CHEN Z Q,WANG X Y,KO J M,et al.MR damping system for mitigating wind-rain induced vibration on Dongting Lake Cable-Stayed Bridge[J].Wind and Structures,2004,7(5):293-304.
[9]周海俊,孙利民.被动磁流变阻尼器的实索减振试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(6):92-95.ZHOU Haijun,SUN Limin.A full-scale cable vibration mitigation experiment using passive MR damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(6):92-95.
[10]李惠,刘敏,欧进萍,等.斜拉索磁流变智能阻尼控制系统分析与设计[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):37-41.LI Hui,LIU Min,OU Jinping,et al.Design and analysis of magnetorheological dampers with intelligent control systems for stay cables[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2005,18(4):37-41.
[11]WEBER F,DISTL H.Amplitude and frequency independent cable damping of Sutong Bridge and Russky Bridge by magnetorheological dampers[J].Structural Control and Health Monitoring,2015,22(2):237-254.
[12]王修勇,陈政清,倪一清.斜拉索-磁流变阻尼器系统半主动控制的神经网络法[J].振动与冲击,2003,22(4):49-53.WANG Xiuyong,CHEN Zhengqing,NI Yiqing,et al.Neural network approach of semi-active control for cable-MR damper system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2003,22(4):49-53.
[13]DUAN Y F,NI Y Q,KO J M.State-derivative feedback control of cable vibration using semi-active MR dampers[J].Computer Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2005,20(6):431-449.()
[14]周强,郭少进,瞿伟廉.磁流变阻尼器对支座简谐运动下拉索参数振动的智能控制[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(9):59-64.ZHOU Qiang,GUO Shaojin,QU Weilian.Intelligent control of parametric vibration of stayed cables with MR dampers induced by simple harmonic support motions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(9):59-64.
[15]WEBER F,BOSTON C.Clipped viscous damping with negative stiffness for semi-active cable damping[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2011,20(4):045007.
[16]KIM I H,JUNG H J,KOO J H.Experimental evaluation of a self-powered smart damping system in reducing vibration of a full-scale stay cable[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2010,19(11):115027.
[17]SAPI N'SKI B,KRUPA S.Efficiency improvement in a vibration power generator for a linear MR damper:numerical study[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2013,22(4):045011.
[18]蒋学争,胡红生,王炅.基于电磁感应能量捕获技术的磁流变阻尼器研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(13):11-15.JIANG Xuezheng,HU Hongsheng,WANG Jiong.Selfpowered MR dampers based on electromagnetic induction energy harvesting technology[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(13):11-15.
[19]汪志昊,陈政清.基于振动能量回收的自供电MR阻尼器集成与试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(12):88-94.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing.Integration and test for a self-powered MR damper based on vibrational energy harvesting[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(12):88-94.
[20]关新春,黄永虎,李惠,等.自适应磁流变控制系统仿真计算研究[J].工程力学,2013,30(5):103-111.GUAN Xinchun,HUANG Yonghu,LI Hui,et al.Simulation of adaptive MR damper based control system[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(5):103-111.
[21]汪志昊,陈政清.被动电磁阻尼器对斜拉索振动控制研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(9):94-99.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing.Cable vibration control with a passive electromagnetic damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(9):94-99.
[22]SHEN W A,ZHU S Y,ZHU H P.Experimental study on using electromagnetic devices on bridge stay cables for simultaneous energy harvesting and vibration damping[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2016,25(6):065011.
[2]段元锋,李频,周仙通,等.斜拉索外置式黏滞阻尼器实用设计方法[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(11):46-51.DUAN Yuanfeng,LI Pin,ZHOU Xiantong,et al.Practical design method for external viscous dampers of stay cables[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(11):46-51.
[3]梁栋,陈培,李岩峰.索梁耦合振动对拉索阻尼器的影响机理[J].振动、测试与诊断,2014,34(1):113-118.LIANG Dong,CHEN Pei,LI Yanfeng.Effects and cause of coupling vibration between girder and cable on performance of cable dampers for cable-stayed bridges[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2014,34(1):113-118.
[4]HOANG N,FUJINO Y.Combined damping effect of two dampers on a stay cable[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2008,13(3):299-303.
[5]ZHOU H J,YANG X,SUN L M,et al.Free vibrations of a two-cable network with near-support dampers and a cross-link[J].Structural Control and Health Monitoring,2015,22(9):1173-1192.
[6]AHMAD J,CHENG S H,GHRIB F.Efficiency of an external damper in two-cable hybrid systems[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2018,23(2):04017138.
[7]HUANG P,WANG X Y,WEN Q,et al.Active control of stay cable vibration using a giant magnetostrictive actuator[J].Journal of Aerospace Engineering,2018,31(5):04018074.
[8]CHEN Z Q,WANG X Y,KO J M,et al.MR damping system for mitigating wind-rain induced vibration on Dongting Lake Cable-Stayed Bridge[J].Wind and Structures,2004,7(5):293-304.
[9]周海俊,孙利民.被动磁流变阻尼器的实索减振试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(6):92-95.ZHOU Haijun,SUN Limin.A full-scale cable vibration mitigation experiment using passive MR damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(6):92-95.
[10]李惠,刘敏,欧进萍,等.斜拉索磁流变智能阻尼控制系统分析与设计[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):37-41.LI Hui,LIU Min,OU Jinping,et al.Design and analysis of magnetorheological dampers with intelligent control systems for stay cables[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2005,18(4):37-41.
[11]WEBER F,DISTL H.Amplitude and frequency independent cable damping of Sutong Bridge and Russky Bridge by magnetorheological dampers[J].Structural Control and Health Monitoring,2015,22(2):237-254.
[12]王修勇,陈政清,倪一清.斜拉索-磁流变阻尼器系统半主动控制的神经网络法[J].振动与冲击,2003,22(4):49-53.WANG Xiuyong,CHEN Zhengqing,NI Yiqing,et al.Neural network approach of semi-active control for cable-MR damper system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2003,22(4):49-53.
[13]DUAN Y F,NI Y Q,KO J M.State-derivative feedback control of cable vibration using semi-active MR dampers[J].Computer Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2005,20(6):431-449.()
[14]周强,郭少进,瞿伟廉.磁流变阻尼器对支座简谐运动下拉索参数振动的智能控制[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(9):59-64.ZHOU Qiang,GUO Shaojin,QU Weilian.Intelligent control of parametric vibration of stayed cables with MR dampers induced by simple harmonic support motions[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007,40(9):59-64.
[15]WEBER F,BOSTON C.Clipped viscous damping with negative stiffness for semi-active cable damping[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2011,20(4):045007.
[16]KIM I H,JUNG H J,KOO J H.Experimental evaluation of a self-powered smart damping system in reducing vibration of a full-scale stay cable[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2010,19(11):115027.
[17]SAPI N'SKI B,KRUPA S.Efficiency improvement in a vibration power generator for a linear MR damper:numerical study[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2013,22(4):045011.
[18]蒋学争,胡红生,王炅.基于电磁感应能量捕获技术的磁流变阻尼器研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(13):11-15.JIANG Xuezheng,HU Hongsheng,WANG Jiong.Selfpowered MR dampers based on electromagnetic induction energy harvesting technology[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(13):11-15.
[19]汪志昊,陈政清.基于振动能量回收的自供电MR阻尼器集成与试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(12):88-94.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing.Integration and test for a self-powered MR damper based on vibrational energy harvesting[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(12):88-94.
[20]关新春,黄永虎,李惠,等.自适应磁流变控制系统仿真计算研究[J].工程力学,2013,30(5):103-111.GUAN Xinchun,HUANG Yonghu,LI Hui,et al.Simulation of adaptive MR damper based control system[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(5):103-111.
[21]汪志昊,陈政清.被动电磁阻尼器对斜拉索振动控制研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(9):94-99.WANG Zhihao,CHEN Zhengqing.Cable vibration control with a passive electromagnetic damper[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(9):94-99.
[22]SHEN W A,ZHU S Y,ZHU H P.Experimental study on using electromagnetic devices on bridge stay cables for simultaneous energy harvesting and vibration damping[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2016,25(6):065011.