二叠系火成岩地层井壁稳定性分析
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摘要
火成岩地层是井壁失稳的高危地层,目前针对火成岩井壁稳定性研究缺乏系统分析。基于此,考虑火成岩结构,形成了多结构面强度准则,利用准则构建火成岩地层坍塌压力预测方法,分析该类地层井壁稳定性。研究结果表明:火成岩弱结构面发育,易导致岩石沿结构面破坏,从而降低岩石强度;结构面存在时,坍塌压力分布复杂,尤其弱面数量增多,岩石强度逐渐受弱面控制,坍塌压力显著上升;同时,水化作用也会导致地层坍塌压力增加;水化与弱结构面是火成岩地层井壁失稳的主要因素,考虑两者耦合作用是建立井壁稳定技术的关键。
The igneous rock formation is the high risk formation of wellbore instability,and the systematic investigation on the wellbore stability in the igneous rock formation was lacking. Therefore,the strength criterion of multiple structural planes was formed considering the structure of igneous rock,then the prediction method of collapse pressure in the igneous rock formation was constructed by using the criterion,and the wellbore stability in this type of formation was analyzed. The results showed that the weak structural plane of igneous rock developed,which was easily to cause the rock failure along the structural plane,thus reduce the rock strength. Due to the existence of structural plane,the distribution of collapse pressure was complicated,especially,the number of weak plane increased,and the rock strength was gradually controlled by the weak plane,then the collapse pressure increased obviously. Meanwhile,the hydration effect would lead to the increase of collapse pressure in the formation. The hydration and weak structural plane were the main factors of wellbore instability in the igneous rock formation,and considering their coupling effect was the key to establish the wellbore stability technology.
The igneous rock formation is the high risk formation of wellbore instability,and the systematic investigation on the wellbore stability in the igneous rock formation was lacking. Therefore,the strength criterion of multiple structural planes was formed considering the structure of igneous rock,then the prediction method of collapse pressure in the igneous rock formation was constructed by using the criterion,and the wellbore stability in this type of formation was analyzed. The results showed that the weak structural plane of igneous rock developed,which was easily to cause the rock failure along the structural plane,thus reduce the rock strength. Due to the existence of structural plane,the distribution of collapse pressure was complicated,especially,the number of weak plane increased,and the rock strength was gradually controlled by the weak plane,then the collapse pressure increased obviously. Meanwhile,the hydration effect would lead to the increase of collapse pressure in the formation. The hydration and weak structural plane were the main factors of wellbore instability in the igneous rock formation,and considering their coupling effect was the key to establish the wellbore stability technology.
引文
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[14]刘向君,曾韦,梁利喜,等.页岩层理对井壁稳定性影响分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(11):88-92.LIU Xiangjun,ZENG Wei,LIANG Lixi,et al. Analysis on influence of shale bedding on wellbore stability[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(11):88-92.
[15] DING Y,LUO P,LIU X,et al. Wellbore stability model for horizontal wells in shale formations with multiple planes of weakness[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2018,52:334-347.
[2]邹才能,赵文智,贾承造,等.中国沉积盆地火山岩油气藏形成与分布[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(3):257-271.ZOU Caineng,ZHAO Wenzhi,JIA Chengzao,et al. Formation and distribution of volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs in sedimentary basins of China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(3):257-271.
[3]王孝亮.塔中Ⅰ号气田二叠系火成岩井壁稳定技术研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015.
[4]丁锐,邱正松,李健鹰,等.强烈蚀变火山岩地层组构及其防塌钻井液研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(5):14-16.DING Rui,QIU Zhengsong,LI Jianying,et al. Characteristics of altered pyroclastic rock and preparation of anti-sloughing drilling fluid[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum,2000,24(5):14-16.
[5]冯京海,徐同台,王富华,等.南堡油田馆陶组玄武岩井壁失稳机理和技术对策研讨[J].钻井液与完井液,2008,25(5):1-4.FENG Jinghai,XU Tongtai,WANG Fuhua,et al. Borehole wall sloughing of basalt rocks in Guantao formation in Nanbao oilfield:mechanism and technological solution[J]. Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2008,25(5):1-4.
[6]朱宽亮,吴晓红,宫丽,等.南堡油田馆陶组玄武岩井壁稳定技术的研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2010,27(2):26-29.ZHU Kuanliang,WU Xiaohong,GONG Li,et al. Borehole stabilization technology for the basalt formation in block Nanpu[J]. Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2010,27(2):26-29.
[7]徐小峰,冯京海,卢淑琴,等.低自由水钻井液研究及在南堡油田应用[J].钻采工艺,2011,34(2):89-92.XU Xiaofeng,FENG Jinghai,LU Shuqin,et al. Study on low free water drilling fluid and its application in Napu oilfield[J]. Drilling&Production Technology,2011,34(2):89-92.
[8]李金锁,王宗培.塔河油田玄武岩地层垮塌、漏失机理与对策[J].西部探矿工程,2006,18(5):137-139.LI Jinsuo,WANG Zongpei. Mechanism and plan of collapse and loss of basalt formation in Tahe oilfield[J]. West-China Exploration Engineering,2006,18(5):137-139.
[9]梁利喜,刘锟,刘向君,等.两性离子聚合物黏土水化抑制剂的合成与性能[J].油田化学,2015,32(4):475-480.LIANG Lixi,LIU Kun,LIU Xiangjun,et al. Synthesis and evaluation of zwitterionic copolymer as clay stabilizer[J]. Oilfield Chemistry,2015,32(4):475-480.
[10] LYU Q,RANJITH P G,LONG X,et al. A review of shale swelling by water adsorption[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2015,27:1421-1431.
[11]高文龙,姜耀东,湛川.软弱结构面表面形态与充填度的力学特性研究[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(1):127-131.GAO Wenlong,JIANG Yaodong,ZHAN Chuan. The study of structural-plane based on appearance and back filling state[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2010,18(1):127-131.
[12] LEE H,ONG S H,AZEEMUDDIN M,et al. A wellbore stability model for formations with anisotropic rock strengths[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2012,96-97(19):109-119.
[13]蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[14]刘向君,曾韦,梁利喜,等.页岩层理对井壁稳定性影响分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(11):88-92.LIU Xiangjun,ZENG Wei,LIANG Lixi,et al. Analysis on influence of shale bedding on wellbore stability[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(11):88-92.
[15] DING Y,LUO P,LIU X,et al. Wellbore stability model for horizontal wells in shale formations with multiple planes of weakness[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering,2018,52:334-347.