基于DEM的流域地貌特征分形量化研究
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摘要
为了科学描述地形特征的整体性和地貌过程的非线性,基于分形布朗运动理论(FBM)和地理信息系统平台(GIS),对地处黄土高原丘陵沟壑区第一副区的陈家畈流域地貌形态分形特征进行了量化研究,提出了基于DEM表面积的流域分形布朗运动FBM地貌因子计算模型,并进行了相关的GIS算法开发。研究结果表明:FBM地貌因子能够利用流域地貌形态特征量化指标的标度不变性,实现不同像元尺度下地貌形态特征的比较与评价。同时能够克服地貌形态单因子指标的不足,对流域地貌形态特征进行综合性表达,从而为流域地貌因子的量化研究提供新思路与新角度。
In order to scientifically describe the integrity of topographic features and the nonlinearity of geomorphological processes, based on the Fractal Brown Motion(FBM) theory and Geographical Information System(GIS) technique, the topographical fractal character of Chenjiafan watershed, which lies on the Loess Plateau, is studied, and the model and method used to calculate the FBM fractal dimension of the topographical fractal character of the watershed are put forward, and the FBM fractal dimension of the topography of Chenjiafan watershed is worked out for example. The results show that the FBM fractal dimension could be used to compare and estimate the watershed topography characters between the different grid cell sizes based on the scaling invariance of fractal dimension; and the FBM fractal dimension showed the quantitative character of the complex essence of watershed topography. These results can provide the new solution for quantifying the macro-topography which is one of the very important indices of the small watershed soil erosion prediction model on the loess plateau.
In order to scientifically describe the integrity of topographic features and the nonlinearity of geomorphological processes, based on the Fractal Brown Motion(FBM) theory and Geographical Information System(GIS) technique, the topographical fractal character of Chenjiafan watershed, which lies on the Loess Plateau, is studied, and the model and method used to calculate the FBM fractal dimension of the topographical fractal character of the watershed are put forward, and the FBM fractal dimension of the topography of Chenjiafan watershed is worked out for example. The results show that the FBM fractal dimension could be used to compare and estimate the watershed topography characters between the different grid cell sizes based on the scaling invariance of fractal dimension; and the FBM fractal dimension showed the quantitative character of the complex essence of watershed topography. These results can provide the new solution for quantifying the macro-topography which is one of the very important indices of the small watershed soil erosion prediction model on the loess plateau.
引文
[1] 魏霞,李占斌,李勋贵.黄土高原坡沟系统土壤侵蚀研究进展[J].中国水土保持科学,2012,10(1):108-113.
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[3] 张霞,李鹏,李占斌,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区临界地貌侵蚀产沙特征[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):129-136.
[4] 朱永清,李占斌,崔灵周.流域地貌形态特征量化研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2005,33(9):149-155.
[5] 沈中原.黄土高原流域土壤侵蚀下垫面特征及其对水土流失的作用研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2009.
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[7] 蔡强国.流域产沙模型概述[J].中国水土保持,1990(6):14-18.
[8] 李矩章,景可,李凤新.黄土高原多沙粗沙区侵蚀模型探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):46-53.
[9] 张光辉.土壤水蚀预报模型研究进展[J].地理研究,2001,20(3):275-281.
[10] Phillips J.Nonlinear dynamics and the evolution of relief[J].Geomorphology,1995,14(1):57-64.
[11] 李旭涛,曹汉强,赵鸿燕.分形布朗运动模型及其在地形分析中的应用[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,31(5):50-52.
[12] 孟伟,李润奎,段峥,等.基于地貌特征的数字高程模型融合方法[J].地球信息科学学报,2018,20(7):895-905.
[13] 于子凡,林宗坚.基于图像表面积的分形布朗运动分数维算法研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(2):161-165.
[2] 李勉,李占斌,刘普灵.中国土壤侵蚀定量研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(3):243-248.
[3] 张霞,李鹏,李占斌,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区临界地貌侵蚀产沙特征[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(4):129-136.
[4] 朱永清,李占斌,崔灵周.流域地貌形态特征量化研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2005,33(9):149-155.
[5] 沈中原.黄土高原流域土壤侵蚀下垫面特征及其对水土流失的作用研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2009.
[6] 尹国康,陈钦峦.黄土高原小流域特征性指标与产沙统计模式[J].地理学报,1989,44(1):32-44.
[7] 蔡强国.流域产沙模型概述[J].中国水土保持,1990(6):14-18.
[8] 李矩章,景可,李凤新.黄土高原多沙粗沙区侵蚀模型探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):46-53.
[9] 张光辉.土壤水蚀预报模型研究进展[J].地理研究,2001,20(3):275-281.
[10] Phillips J.Nonlinear dynamics and the evolution of relief[J].Geomorphology,1995,14(1):57-64.
[11] 李旭涛,曹汉强,赵鸿燕.分形布朗运动模型及其在地形分析中的应用[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,31(5):50-52.
[12] 孟伟,李润奎,段峥,等.基于地貌特征的数字高程模型融合方法[J].地球信息科学学报,2018,20(7):895-905.
[13] 于子凡,林宗坚.基于图像表面积的分形布朗运动分数维算法研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(2):161-165.