封头标准中球冠形封头结构尺寸的探讨
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摘要
工程上作为容器的中间封头或端封头的球冠形封头,不论是从功能使用上看还是从受力分析角度,都应与所连接的容器圆筒或法兰一并考虑。以浮头式热交换器的浮头盖封头为例,对球冠形封头的结构尺寸及与容器圆筒焊接接头的坡口尺寸等相关问题进行了讨论,结果发现容器及封头标准中相关规定尚存在值得商榷的问题,制造工艺也应正确理解标准与施工图,以保证球冠形封头的制造与组装满足工程要求。建议相关标准进行完善,以指导工程的正确应用,保证容器的本质安全。
In engineering,spherically dished head may be used as intermediate head or end closure of a vessel. Taking both functional use and force analysis into consideration,it shall integrate with the cylinder or flange of the connected vessel. This article takes the floating head cover of floating head heat exchanger as an example to discuss the construction dimensions of spherically dished head and the groove dimensions of the welded joint with vessel cylinder. It is found that some relevant provisions in the standards for vessels and heads are to be discussed,and the standards and construction drawings should be correctly understood in manufacturing procedures to ensure that the manufacturing and assembly of spherically dished head can meet the engineering requirements. It suggests that relevant standards should be perfected to guide the correct engineering application,so as to ensure the intrinsic safety of vessels.
In engineering,spherically dished head may be used as intermediate head or end closure of a vessel. Taking both functional use and force analysis into consideration,it shall integrate with the cylinder or flange of the connected vessel. This article takes the floating head cover of floating head heat exchanger as an example to discuss the construction dimensions of spherically dished head and the groove dimensions of the welded joint with vessel cylinder. It is found that some relevant provisions in the standards for vessels and heads are to be discussed,and the standards and construction drawings should be correctly understood in manufacturing procedures to ensure that the manufacturing and assembly of spherically dished head can meet the engineering requirements. It suggests that relevant standards should be perfected to guide the correct engineering application,so as to ensure the intrinsic safety of vessels.
引文
[1]GB/T 25198—2010压力容器封头[S].
[2]GB 150—2011压力容器[S].
[3]GB/T 151—2014热交换器[S].
[4]李世玉.压力容器设计工程师培训教程[M].北京:新华出版社,2005.
[5]中国机械工程学会焊接学会.焊接手册第1卷[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2001.
[2]GB 150—2011压力容器[S].
[3]GB/T 151—2014热交换器[S].
[4]李世玉.压力容器设计工程师培训教程[M].北京:新华出版社,2005.
[5]中国机械工程学会焊接学会.焊接手册第1卷[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2001.