武夷山市垃圾堆放场周边土壤重金属的污染评价
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摘要
以武夷山市垃圾堆放场周边土壤为研究对象,采集土壤样品48个,分析了土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Ni 5种重金属含量、空间变异性、来源及污染评价。结果表明:研究区表层土壤Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni平均含量分别为16.8、190.0、37.0、40.8、12.9 mg·kg-1。以福建省土壤元素背景值为评价标准,5种重金属单因子污染指数从大到小依次为:Zn>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cu,其中Cu、Cr和Ni的含量处于安全水平,土壤Pb达到轻度污染,Zn达到中度污染。综合污染指数为1.86,属于轻污染。以国家《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-1995)二级标准为评价标准,5种重金属在表层土壤中的含量处于安全水平,综合污染指数为0.72,属警戒级。主成分分析表明,Ni和Cr主要来源于成土母质,而Zn、Cu和Pb主要与农业措施有关。
The content, spatial distribution, source and pollution evaluation of soil Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni wereanalyzed with a total of 48 topsoil samples around a dump in Wuyishan city. The results showed that the mean concentrations of Cu, Zn,Pb, Cr and Ni were 16.8、190.0、37.0、40.8 and 12.9mg·kg-1 in the studied region, respectively. Compared with background values of soil in Fujian province, the order of single factor contamination index was Zn>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cu. The concentrations of Cu, Cr and Ni were in a safe state, the soil was polluted slightly by Pb and moderately by Zn. The comprehensive contamination index was 1.86, in slight pollution state. Compared with the Grade II of national Environmental Quality Standard for Soil(GB15618-1995), the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Niwere in a safe state. The comprehensive contamination index was0.72, in alert state. Factor analysis on sources of heavy metals revealed that Ni and Cr contamination in the soils were mainly from soil parentmaterials while the Zn、Cu and Pb were mainly related to agricultural activities.
The content, spatial distribution, source and pollution evaluation of soil Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni wereanalyzed with a total of 48 topsoil samples around a dump in Wuyishan city. The results showed that the mean concentrations of Cu, Zn,Pb, Cr and Ni were 16.8、190.0、37.0、40.8 and 12.9mg·kg-1 in the studied region, respectively. Compared with background values of soil in Fujian province, the order of single factor contamination index was Zn>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cu. The concentrations of Cu, Cr and Ni were in a safe state, the soil was polluted slightly by Pb and moderately by Zn. The comprehensive contamination index was 1.86, in slight pollution state. Compared with the Grade II of national Environmental Quality Standard for Soil(GB15618-1995), the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Niwere in a safe state. The comprehensive contamination index was0.72, in alert state. Factor analysis on sources of heavy metals revealed that Ni and Cr contamination in the soils were mainly from soil parentmaterials while the Zn、Cu and Pb were mainly related to agricultural activities.
引文
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[14]章明奎,王浩,张慧敏.浙东海积平原农田土壤重金属来源辨识[J].环境科学学报,2008,8(10):1946-1954.
[2]包丹丹,李恋卿,潘根兴,等.垃圾堆放场周边土壤重金属含量的分析及污染评价[J].土壤通报,2011,42(1):185-189.
[3]罗绪强,阙丹丹,张桂玲,等.贵阳市高雁城市生活垃圾卫生填埋场土壤Cd、Pb、Zn、Ni污染及评价研究[J].山地农业生物学报,2013,32(2):159-163.
[4]张文静.垃圾渗滤液污染物在地下环境中的自然衰减及含水层污染强化修复方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2001.
[5]龙於洋,胡立芳,沈东升,等.城市生活垃圾中重金属污染研究进展[J].科技通报,2007,23(5):760-764.
[6]方满,刘洪海.武汉市垃圾堆放场重金属污染调查及控制途径[J].中国环境科学,1998,8(4):54-59.
[7]陈振全,陈春秀,刘用清,等.福建省土壤元素背景值及其特征[J].中国环境监测,1992,8(3):107-110.
[8]卓慕宁,李定强,朱照宇.城乡结合部开发建设扰动土壤质量变化特征[J].土壤,2008,40(1):61-65.
[9]BORUCKA L,VACEK O,JEHLICKA J.Principal component analysis as a tool to indicate the origin of potentially toxic elements in soils[J].Geoderma,2005,128(3/4):289-300.
[10]陈同斌,曾希柏,胡清秀.中国化肥利用率的区域分异[J].地理学报,2002,57(5):531-538.
[11]TAYLOR M D.Accumulation of cadmium derived from fertilizers in new zealand soil[J].Science of the Total Environment,1997,208(1/2):123-126.
[12]夏家淇.土壤环境质量标准详解[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996.
[13]夏家淇,骆永明.关于土壤污染的概念和3类评价指标的探讨[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(l):87-90.
[14]章明奎,王浩,张慧敏.浙东海积平原农田土壤重金属来源辨识[J].环境科学学报,2008,8(10):1946-1954.