教室灯光改造对中小学生视力及视力不良的影响
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摘要
为了分析教室灯光改造对中小学生视力及视力不良的影响,选择2015年福建省厦门市完成教室灯光改造的厦门五缘实验学校作为项目校,蔡塘学校、湖里实验小学、湖里实验中学、湖里中心小学和湖里中学作为对照校,通过分析年度体检资料评估教室灯光改造对厦门市中小学生视力及视力不良的影响。结果显示,教室灯光改造可改善中小学校教室的照明环境。各年份项目校6～15岁学生视力不良的流行率均显著低于对照校(P<0.05)。2016—2018年项目校学生左右眼视力水平无变化,均为4.8±0.3,而对照校学生的左右眼平均视力均有所下降,重复测量资料的方差分析结果显示差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。对照校2016年、2017年和2018年6～15岁学生视力不良的检出率分别为66.4%、70.2%和75.2%,而项目校2016年、2017年和2018年6～15岁学生视力不良的检出率分别为56.9%、52.8%和56.4%。配对卡方检验结果显示,项目校6～15岁学生1年后和2年后视力不良的新发率或转归率显著低于对照校(P<0.05)。最后得到以下结论:教室灯光改造显著提升了教室的照明环境,对减缓中小学生视力不良的上升趋势具有一定的作用。
To analyze the effect of classroom lighting renovation on visual acuity and poor eyesight in elementary and secondary schools, Xiamen Wuyuan Experimental School with completing the classroom lighting transformation was used as the project school in 2015. Caitang School, Huli Experimental Primary School, Huli Experimental Middle School, Huli Center Primary School, and Huli Middle School were used as the control school. The annual physical examination data was used to evaluate the effect of classroom lighting transformation on visual acuity and poor eyesight. The results showed the illumination environment was improved by the light transformation in primary and middle schools' classrooms. The prevalence of poor eyesight among students aged 6～15 was significantly lower than that in the control school(P<0.05). From 2016 to 2018, there was no change in the level of left and right eye eyesight of the students in the project school, both of which were 4.8±0.3, while the average visual acuity of the left and right eyes decreased significantly in the control school(P<0.001). The prevalence of poor eyesight was 66.4%, 70.2% and 75.2% among students aged 6～15 in the control school in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, while the prevalence of poor eyesight among students aged 6～15 was 56.9%, 52.8% and 56.4% in the project school. The results of the paired chi-square test showed that the rate of new onset or return of poor eyesight after one year and two years was significantly lower than control schools(P<0.05). We obtained the conclusion that the classroom lighting renovation improves the lighting environment in the classroom, slows down the decline of the rising trend of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students.
To analyze the effect of classroom lighting renovation on visual acuity and poor eyesight in elementary and secondary schools, Xiamen Wuyuan Experimental School with completing the classroom lighting transformation was used as the project school in 2015. Caitang School, Huli Experimental Primary School, Huli Experimental Middle School, Huli Center Primary School, and Huli Middle School were used as the control school. The annual physical examination data was used to evaluate the effect of classroom lighting transformation on visual acuity and poor eyesight. The results showed the illumination environment was improved by the light transformation in primary and middle schools' classrooms. The prevalence of poor eyesight among students aged 6～15 was significantly lower than that in the control school(P<0.05). From 2016 to 2018, there was no change in the level of left and right eye eyesight of the students in the project school, both of which were 4.8±0.3, while the average visual acuity of the left and right eyes decreased significantly in the control school(P<0.001). The prevalence of poor eyesight was 66.4%, 70.2% and 75.2% among students aged 6～15 in the control school in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, while the prevalence of poor eyesight among students aged 6～15 was 56.9%, 52.8% and 56.4% in the project school. The results of the paired chi-square test showed that the rate of new onset or return of poor eyesight after one year and two years was significantly lower than control schools(P<0.05). We obtained the conclusion that the classroom lighting renovation improves the lighting environment in the classroom, slows down the decline of the rising trend of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students.
引文
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[3] 黄慧珍,孙建芳.2011—2015年厦门市某小学学生视力监测分析[J].中国校医,2017,31(9):701-702.
[4] 陈荣凯,江海棠,毕嘉琦,等.2011—2014年深圳市宝安区中小学校教室采光照明与学生视力不良的关系[J].预防医学论坛,2016(2):131-133.
[5] 中小学教室采光和照明卫生标准:GB 7793—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[6] 高帅.教室光环境研究综述[J].照明工程学报,2013,24(增刊):94-100.
[7] 吕若然,段佳丽,郭欣,等.北京市2009-2013年中小学校教室照明卫生状况[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(1):150-152.
[8] 李春会,郭仰峰,苏颖殷,等.广州市中小学生教室采光照明现状分析[J].中国学校卫生,2008,29(5):461-462.
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