工会的“收入溢价”效应研究——基于中国流动人口动态监测数据的分析
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摘要
基于中国流动人口动态监测数据(2014),实证分析流动人口工会的"收入溢价"效应。研究发现:工会能显著提升流动人口的收入,但工会的"收入溢价"效应具有异质性,城城流动人口高于乡城流动人口、签订合同者高于未签订合同者,个体私营企业的表现要优于国有集体企业和外资企业;分位数回归结果显示,随着分位数水平的上升,流动人口工会的收入效应呈倒"U"型,对中等收入者的作用最大,其次是低收入者,对高收入者的作用最小;采用倾向得分匹配法解决自选择问题,发现我国流动人口仍存在明显的工会"收入溢价"效应。
Based on the dynamic monitoring data of China's migrant population(2014),an empirical analysis of the "income premium" effect of labor union on migrant population is made.The study finds that labor union can significantly increase the income of the migrant population.However,the "income premium" effect of labor union is obviously heterogeneous.The urban migrant population is higher than the rural migrant population,and the contract signing ratio is higher than those who have not signed a contract,and private companies outperforms state-owned collective enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises.The quantile regression results show that with the rise of the quantile level,the union's income effect on migrant population showed an inverted "U" type.The effect on middle income people is greatest,followed by the low income people,and that of the high income people was the least.The propensity score matching method is used to solve the sample self-selection problem,and finds that the migrant population in China does have obvious an "income premium" effect.
Based on the dynamic monitoring data of China's migrant population(2014),an empirical analysis of the "income premium" effect of labor union on migrant population is made.The study finds that labor union can significantly increase the income of the migrant population.However,the "income premium" effect of labor union is obviously heterogeneous.The urban migrant population is higher than the rural migrant population,and the contract signing ratio is higher than those who have not signed a contract,and private companies outperforms state-owned collective enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises.The quantile regression results show that with the rise of the quantile level,the union's income effect on migrant population showed an inverted "U" type.The effect on middle income people is greatest,followed by the low income people,and that of the high income people was the least.The propensity score matching method is used to solve the sample self-selection problem,and finds that the migrant population in China does have obvious an "income premium" effect.
引文
[1]阳玉香,莫旋.流动人口获得了公平的劳动收入吗?[J].华东经济管理,2017(6):31-37.
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[6] Booth L,Bryan L.The union membership wage-premium puzzle:there is free rider problem[J].Industrial&Labor Relation Review,2004(3):174-186.
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[8] Lu Y,Tao Z,Wang Y.Union effects on performance and employment relations:evidence from China[J].China Economic Review,2010(1):202-210.
[9]袁青川.基于倾向值匹配估计的工会工资溢价研究[J].经济经纬,2015(5):114-119.
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[11]杨继东,杨其静.工会、政治关联与工资决定——基于中国企业调查数据的分析[J].世界经济文汇,2013(2):36-49.
[12]王鸣,李永杰.中国工会是否改善员工工资福利?——来自2013年广东佛山南海企业—员工匹配数据的证据[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2014(6):113-120.
[13]李龙,宋月萍.工会参与对农民工工资率的影响——基于倾向值方法的检验[J].中国农村经济,2017(3):2-17.
[14]莫旋,刘杰.中国是否存在工会“工资溢价”效应?[J].商业研究,2016(6):50-58.
[15]莫旋,唐成千.工会提高了职工收入吗?[J].财经论丛,2017(1):12-18.
[16]Wooldridge J.Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data[M].Cambridge Massachusetts:MIT Press,2008:603-621.
[17]陈强.高级计量经济学及Stata应用(第二版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2014:537-554.
[2]张杰,黄泰岩.中国企业的工资变化趋势与决定机制研究[J].中国工业经济,2010(3):42-53.
[3]王永丽,郑婉玉.双重角色定位下的工会跨界职能履行及作用效果分析[J].管理世界,2012(10):130-145.
[4]孙中伟,贺霞旭.工会建设与外来工劳动权益保护[J].管理世界,2012(12):46-60.
[5] Lewis H G.Unionism and relative wages in the United States[M].Chicago:Chicago University Press,1963:32-43.
[6] Booth L,Bryan L.The union membership wage-premium puzzle:there is free rider problem[J].Industrial&Labor Relation Review,2004(3):174-186.
[7] Blanchflower D,Bryson A.The wage impact of trade unions in the UK public and private sectors[J].Economica,2010(7):92-109.
[8] Lu Y,Tao Z,Wang Y.Union effects on performance and employment relations:evidence from China[J].China Economic Review,2010(1):202-210.
[9]袁青川.基于倾向值匹配估计的工会工资溢价研究[J].经济经纬,2015(5):114-119.
[10]易定红,袁青川.中国工会存在工资溢价吗[J].经济理论与经济管理,2015(2):31-39.
[11]杨继东,杨其静.工会、政治关联与工资决定——基于中国企业调查数据的分析[J].世界经济文汇,2013(2):36-49.
[12]王鸣,李永杰.中国工会是否改善员工工资福利?——来自2013年广东佛山南海企业—员工匹配数据的证据[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2014(6):113-120.
[13]李龙,宋月萍.工会参与对农民工工资率的影响——基于倾向值方法的检验[J].中国农村经济,2017(3):2-17.
[14]莫旋,刘杰.中国是否存在工会“工资溢价”效应?[J].商业研究,2016(6):50-58.
[15]莫旋,唐成千.工会提高了职工收入吗?[J].财经论丛,2017(1):12-18.
[16]Wooldridge J.Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data[M].Cambridge Massachusetts:MIT Press,2008:603-621.
[17]陈强.高级计量经济学及Stata应用(第二版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2014:537-554.