军校新学员长途行军中的下肢运动损伤
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摘要
目的研究军校新学员长途行军拉练中下肢运动损伤的发生特点。方法对2016某军校新学员300公里长途行军训练中发生的下肢运动损伤进行流行病学调研。结果共纳入275名新学员,120人(43.6%)出现下肢运动损伤,主要包括大腿肌群拉伤19例,髌股关节综合征11例,髂胫束综合征10例,胫骨应力综合征13例,踝关节扭伤13例,足底筋膜炎28例,跟腱炎8例。严重损伤导致缺勤的8例,3例为踝关节扭伤伴韧带损伤,3例为跟腱炎,1例膝关节韧带损伤和1例大腿肌肉拉伤。分析发现患有跟腱炎的学员体质量明显低于健康学员。结论长途行军中下肢运动损伤以足踝部为主,应重视相关防护和教育。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of sports injury involving lower extremity during the long distance march in new army cadets. Methods We conducted a descriptive epidemiology study about lower extremity sport injury in new army cadets who participated in 300 kilometers march training in 2016. Results A total of 275 cadets were enrolled in this study and 120 cases of sports injuries were identified and treated. Injuries included 19 cases of thigh muscle group sprain, 11 cases of patellofemoral pain syndrome, 10 cases of iliotibial band syndrome, 13 cases of tibial stress syndrome, 13 cases of ankle sprain, 28 cases of plantar fasciitis, 8 cases of achilles tendinitis. Among 8 cases with severe injury and sick leave, 3 cases were ankle sprain associated with ligament injury, 3 cases were achilles tendinitis, 1 case was anterior cruciateligament injury, and 1 case was thigh muscle sprain. The body weight was significantly lower for patients suffering from achilles tendinitis than healthy cadets. Conclusion Lower extremity sport injuries during long distance march mainly included ankle and foot injuries. More attention should be paid to the prevention, treatment and health education of sports injury.
Objective To investigate the characteristics of sports injury involving lower extremity during the long distance march in new army cadets. Methods We conducted a descriptive epidemiology study about lower extremity sport injury in new army cadets who participated in 300 kilometers march training in 2016. Results A total of 275 cadets were enrolled in this study and 120 cases of sports injuries were identified and treated. Injuries included 19 cases of thigh muscle group sprain, 11 cases of patellofemoral pain syndrome, 10 cases of iliotibial band syndrome, 13 cases of tibial stress syndrome, 13 cases of ankle sprain, 28 cases of plantar fasciitis, 8 cases of achilles tendinitis. Among 8 cases with severe injury and sick leave, 3 cases were ankle sprain associated with ligament injury, 3 cases were achilles tendinitis, 1 case was anterior cruciateligament injury, and 1 case was thigh muscle sprain. The body weight was significantly lower for patients suffering from achilles tendinitis than healthy cadets. Conclusion Lower extremity sport injuries during long distance march mainly included ankle and foot injuries. More attention should be paid to the prevention, treatment and health education of sports injury.
引文
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11 Lamb SE,Marsh JL,Hutton JL,et al.Mechanical supports for acute,severe ankle sprain:a pragmatic,multicentre,randomised controlled trial[J].Lancet,2009,373(9663):575-581.
12 Cook JL,Khan KM,Purdam C.Achilles tendinopathy[J].Man Ther,2002,7(3):121-130.
13 朱博,李强,滕国洲.某部新兵军事训练伤发生原因及预防对策[J].医学理论与实践,2015,28(20):2857-2859.
14 朱云杰,吕丹.训练伤预防培训及效果分析[J].中国矫形外科杂志,2013,21(10):1055-1056.
15 黄文砚,杨杰,杨飞.军事训练伤预防控制的训练学思考[J].人民军医,2014,57(3):258-260.
16 杨杰,杨飞,杜江,等.功能性身心干预训练对预防军事训练伤的影响[J].解放军医药杂志,2015,27(6):90-93.
17 孟涛,温钰祥,刘文涛,等.功能动作训练对新兵军事训练伤的预防效果研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2016,38(15):1804-1808.
18 吴林波,葛春礼,张刚,等.我军新兵军事训练伤预防研究进展[J].华南国防医学杂志,2018,32(1):67-69.
2 龙泳,邹声听.陆海空新兵基础训练期间军事训练伤的流行病学调查[J].西北国防医学杂志,2000,21(4):254-256.
3 Murray IR,Benke MT,Mandelbaum BR.Management of knee articular cartilage injuries in athletes:chondroprotection,chondrofacilitation,and resurfacing[J].Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2016,24(5):1617-1626.
4 La Prade RF,Engebretsen L,Marx RG.Repair and Reconstruction of Medial-and Lateral-sided Knee Injuries[J].Instr Course Lect,2015,64:531-542.
5 Konradsen L,Voigt M,H?jsgaard C.Ankle inversion injuries.The role of the dynamic defense mechanism[J].Am J Sports Med,1997,25(1):54-58.
6 Lunden JB,Bzdusek PJ,Monson JK,et al.Current concepts in the recognition and treatment of posterolateral corner injuries of the knee[J].J Orthop Sports Phys Ther,2010,40(8):502-516.
7 Collinge C,Kennedy J,Schmidt A.Temporizing external fixation of the lower extremity:a survey of the orthopaedic trauma association membership[J/OL].https://www.healio.com/orthopedics/knee/journals/ortho/2010-4-33-4/%7B1243ffc9-a425-4203-b4a2-3719fbbcb5d3%7D/temporizing-external-fixation-of-the-lowerextremity-a-survey-of-the-orthopaedic-trauma-associationmembership.
8 Doherty C,Bleakley C,Hertel J,et al.Inter-joint coordination strategies during unilateral stance 6-months following first-time lateral ankle sprain[J].Clin Biomech(Bristol,Avon),2015,30(2):129-135.
9 Beynnon BD,Renstr?m PA,Haugh L,et al.A prospective,randomized clinical investigation of the treatment of first-time ankle sprains[J].Am J Sports Med,2006,34(9):1401-1412.
10 李毅,伍骥,郑超,等.中国伞兵着陆时足底动力学指标的变化特征[J].解放军医学院学报,2013,34(9):953-956.
11 Lamb SE,Marsh JL,Hutton JL,et al.Mechanical supports for acute,severe ankle sprain:a pragmatic,multicentre,randomised controlled trial[J].Lancet,2009,373(9663):575-581.
12 Cook JL,Khan KM,Purdam C.Achilles tendinopathy[J].Man Ther,2002,7(3):121-130.
13 朱博,李强,滕国洲.某部新兵军事训练伤发生原因及预防对策[J].医学理论与实践,2015,28(20):2857-2859.
14 朱云杰,吕丹.训练伤预防培训及效果分析[J].中国矫形外科杂志,2013,21(10):1055-1056.
15 黄文砚,杨杰,杨飞.军事训练伤预防控制的训练学思考[J].人民军医,2014,57(3):258-260.
16 杨杰,杨飞,杜江,等.功能性身心干预训练对预防军事训练伤的影响[J].解放军医药杂志,2015,27(6):90-93.
17 孟涛,温钰祥,刘文涛,等.功能动作训练对新兵军事训练伤的预防效果研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2016,38(15):1804-1808.
18 吴林波,葛春礼,张刚,等.我军新兵军事训练伤预防研究进展[J].华南国防医学杂志,2018,32(1):67-69.