一种基于Google Earth影像的河道地形数据提取方法
|
摘要
为解决无实测资料地区的河道地形数据获取问题,提出了一种基于Google Earth影像提取河道地形数据的方法,利用该方法提取了鉴江流域的河道地形数据并将其应用于水动力模型的构建。结果表明:利用该方法提取的河道地形数据所构建的水动力模型,其模拟过程与实际过程基本一致,其中模拟的最大、最小流量与实测对应的最大、最小流量的相对误差分别为14.3%和7.8%,流量模拟的整体相对误差为13.2%;模拟的最高、最低水位与实测对应的最高、最低水位的相对误差分别为5.5%和3.9%,水位模拟的整体相对误差为5.2%;基于Google Earth影像提取河道地形数据是解决无河道地形资料地区的一种便捷且行之有效的方法。
To solve the problem of obtaining river terrain data in ungauged area,a new method for extracting river terrain data based on Google Earth image was proposed.Using this method,the river terrain data of Jianjiang River Basin are extracted,and a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model was constructed based on those river terrain data.The results show that the simulation process by the hydrodynamic model based on river terrain data extracted by this method is basically consistent with the actual process.The relative errors of the maximum and minimum flow rates are 14.3% and 7.8%,respectively,while the overall relative error of flow simulation is 13.2%.The relative errors of the simulated maximum and minimum water levels corresponding to the measured ones are 5.5% and 3.9%,respectively,while the overall relative error of water level simulation is 5.2%.It shows that extracting river terrain data based on Google Earth image is a convenient and effective method to solve the problem in the area without river terrain data.
To solve the problem of obtaining river terrain data in ungauged area,a new method for extracting river terrain data based on Google Earth image was proposed.Using this method,the river terrain data of Jianjiang River Basin are extracted,and a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model was constructed based on those river terrain data.The results show that the simulation process by the hydrodynamic model based on river terrain data extracted by this method is basically consistent with the actual process.The relative errors of the maximum and minimum flow rates are 14.3% and 7.8%,respectively,while the overall relative error of flow simulation is 13.2%.The relative errors of the simulated maximum and minimum water levels corresponding to the measured ones are 5.5% and 3.9%,respectively,while the overall relative error of water level simulation is 5.2%.It shows that extracting river terrain data based on Google Earth image is a convenient and effective method to solve the problem in the area without river terrain data.
引文
[1]杜国明,汪光松,吴超羽,等.克里金在珠江河道地形空间数据内插中的应用[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2007,46(1):119-122.(DU Guoming,WANGGuangsong,WU Yuchao,et al.Application of Kriging Interpolation to Spatial Data of Pearl River Riverway[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2007,46(1):119-122.(in Chinese))
[2]周建红,杨彪,王华,张行南,等.长江中下游河道岸滩低空机载Li DAR点云地形滤波算法[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(1):26-31.(ZHOU Jianhong,YANG Biao,WANG Hua,ZHANG Xingnan,et al.Filtering algorithm of the low-attitude airborne Li DAR point clouds for topographic survey of the middle-lower Yangtze River riparian zone[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2019,47(1):26-31.(in Chinese))
[3]丁贤荣,王文,杨涛,等.河道数字地形信息系统与长江镇扬河段GIS研制[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2001,29(4):116-119.(DING Xianrong,WANG Wen,YANG Tao,et al.River digital terrain information system and GIS for Zhenyang section of Yangtze River[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2001,29(4):116-119.(in Chinese))
[4]俞茜,陈永灿,朱德军,等.基于DEM数据的河道水动力过程数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2014,33(3):133-137.(YU Qian,CHEN Yongcan,ZHU Dejun,et al.River cross-section extraction from DEM for one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2014,33(3):133-137.(in Chinese))
[5]胡德超,张红武,哈岸英,等.基于无结构、σ坐标网格的半隐式三维水沙数学模型:Ⅰ-算法[J].水力发电学报,2011,30(6):221-229.(HU Dechao,ZHANGHongwu,HA Anying,et al.3-D hydrodynamic model for free-surface flows and sediment transport on unstructuredσ-coordinate grid:Part I.Numerical scheme[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2011,30(6):230-236.(in Chinese))
[6]ZIJLEMA M,STELLING G S.Further experiences with computing non-hydrostatic free-surface flows involving water waves[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2005,48(2):169-197.
[7]YOUNG C C,WU C H.Aσ-coordinate non-hydrostatic model with embedded Boussinesq-type-like equations for modeling deep-water waves[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2010,63(12):1448-1470.
[8]ZIJLEMA M,STELLING G S.Efficient computation of surf zone waves using the nonlinear shallow water equations with non-hydrostatic pressure[J].Coastal Engineering,2008,55(10):780-790.
[9]张二骏,张东生,李挺.河网非恒定流的三级联合解法[J].华东水利学报,1982,10(1):1-13.(ZHANG Erjun,ZHANG Dongsheng,LI Ting.“Three Steps Method”to Compute Unsteady Flow for River Networks[J].Journal of Hohai University,1982,10(1):1-13.(in Chinese))
[10]许益新,王文才,曾伟峰,等.调水引流改善平原河网水环境质量模拟[J].水资源保护,2018,34(1):70-75.(XU Yixin,WANG Wencai,ZENG Weifeng,et al.Simulation on improvement of water environment in plain river network by water diversion[J].Water Resources Protection,2018,34(1):70-75.(in Chinese))
[11]顾炉华,赖锡军.七浦塘引水对阳澄湖河网水环境影响模拟研究[J].水资源保护,2018,34(2):88-95.(GULuhua,LAI Xijun.Simulation study of water enviroment influence on Yangcheng Lake river networks by Qipu River water diversion project[J].Water Resources Protection,2018:34(2):88-95.)
[12]杜建,陈晓宏,陈志和,等.珠江三角洲感潮河网区水环境引水调控研究[J].水文,2012,32(4):16-21.(DUJian,CHEN Xiaohong,CHEN Zhihe,et al.Water Diversion and Control for Water Environment in Tidal Network of Pearl River Delta[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2012,32(4):16-21.(in Chinese))
[13]郭海荣,焦文海,杨元喜.1985国家高程基准与全球似大地水准面之间的系统差及其分布规律[J].测绘学报,2004,33(2):100-104.(GUO Haiyrong,JIAOWenhai,YANG Yuanxi.The systematic difference and its distribution between the 1985 national height datum and the global quasigeoid[J].Acta Geodaetica Et Cartographic Sinica,2004,33(2):100-104.(in Chinese))
[14]张莉莉,王峰.水力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015.
[15]王玲玲,钟娜,成高峰.基于奇异矩阵分解法的河道糙率反演计算方法[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2010(4):359-363.(WANG Lingling,ZHONG Na,CHENG Gaofeng.Inversion method of river roughness based on singular matrix decomposition[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2010(4):359-363.(in Chinese))
[2]周建红,杨彪,王华,张行南,等.长江中下游河道岸滩低空机载Li DAR点云地形滤波算法[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(1):26-31.(ZHOU Jianhong,YANG Biao,WANG Hua,ZHANG Xingnan,et al.Filtering algorithm of the low-attitude airborne Li DAR point clouds for topographic survey of the middle-lower Yangtze River riparian zone[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2019,47(1):26-31.(in Chinese))
[3]丁贤荣,王文,杨涛,等.河道数字地形信息系统与长江镇扬河段GIS研制[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2001,29(4):116-119.(DING Xianrong,WANG Wen,YANG Tao,et al.River digital terrain information system and GIS for Zhenyang section of Yangtze River[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2001,29(4):116-119.(in Chinese))
[4]俞茜,陈永灿,朱德军,等.基于DEM数据的河道水动力过程数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2014,33(3):133-137.(YU Qian,CHEN Yongcan,ZHU Dejun,et al.River cross-section extraction from DEM for one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2014,33(3):133-137.(in Chinese))
[5]胡德超,张红武,哈岸英,等.基于无结构、σ坐标网格的半隐式三维水沙数学模型:Ⅰ-算法[J].水力发电学报,2011,30(6):221-229.(HU Dechao,ZHANGHongwu,HA Anying,et al.3-D hydrodynamic model for free-surface flows and sediment transport on unstructuredσ-coordinate grid:Part I.Numerical scheme[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2011,30(6):230-236.(in Chinese))
[6]ZIJLEMA M,STELLING G S.Further experiences with computing non-hydrostatic free-surface flows involving water waves[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2005,48(2):169-197.
[7]YOUNG C C,WU C H.Aσ-coordinate non-hydrostatic model with embedded Boussinesq-type-like equations for modeling deep-water waves[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2010,63(12):1448-1470.
[8]ZIJLEMA M,STELLING G S.Efficient computation of surf zone waves using the nonlinear shallow water equations with non-hydrostatic pressure[J].Coastal Engineering,2008,55(10):780-790.
[9]张二骏,张东生,李挺.河网非恒定流的三级联合解法[J].华东水利学报,1982,10(1):1-13.(ZHANG Erjun,ZHANG Dongsheng,LI Ting.“Three Steps Method”to Compute Unsteady Flow for River Networks[J].Journal of Hohai University,1982,10(1):1-13.(in Chinese))
[10]许益新,王文才,曾伟峰,等.调水引流改善平原河网水环境质量模拟[J].水资源保护,2018,34(1):70-75.(XU Yixin,WANG Wencai,ZENG Weifeng,et al.Simulation on improvement of water environment in plain river network by water diversion[J].Water Resources Protection,2018,34(1):70-75.(in Chinese))
[11]顾炉华,赖锡军.七浦塘引水对阳澄湖河网水环境影响模拟研究[J].水资源保护,2018,34(2):88-95.(GULuhua,LAI Xijun.Simulation study of water enviroment influence on Yangcheng Lake river networks by Qipu River water diversion project[J].Water Resources Protection,2018:34(2):88-95.)
[12]杜建,陈晓宏,陈志和,等.珠江三角洲感潮河网区水环境引水调控研究[J].水文,2012,32(4):16-21.(DUJian,CHEN Xiaohong,CHEN Zhihe,et al.Water Diversion and Control for Water Environment in Tidal Network of Pearl River Delta[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2012,32(4):16-21.(in Chinese))
[13]郭海荣,焦文海,杨元喜.1985国家高程基准与全球似大地水准面之间的系统差及其分布规律[J].测绘学报,2004,33(2):100-104.(GUO Haiyrong,JIAOWenhai,YANG Yuanxi.The systematic difference and its distribution between the 1985 national height datum and the global quasigeoid[J].Acta Geodaetica Et Cartographic Sinica,2004,33(2):100-104.(in Chinese))
[14]张莉莉,王峰.水力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015.
[15]王玲玲,钟娜,成高峰.基于奇异矩阵分解法的河道糙率反演计算方法[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2010(4):359-363.(WANG Lingling,ZHONG Na,CHENG Gaofeng.Inversion method of river roughness based on singular matrix decomposition[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2010(4):359-363.(in Chinese))