北方粳型超级稻中籼粳杂交优势贡献的分子基础
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摘要
在"理想株型与优势利用相结合"育种理论指导下,亚种间杂交为中国北方粳型超级稻增产做出了巨大贡献。以中国北方栽培粳稻品种为试材,利用籼粳特异性标记Indel与SSILP分析了不同年代与地区北方粳稻品种的籼型血缘的相对含量,结果表明,20世纪90年代以后育成品种籼型基因型频率显著增加。相关分析表明,籼稻血缘含量与每穗粒数存在显著的正相关性,与有效穗数存在显著的负相关性。进一步对籼粳杂交育成品种的8个产量与品质相关基因进行检测发现,育种家通过"选择"将控制穗粒数与粒重的籼稻增产基因GN1a、GS3部分固定于北方粳稻基因组中,淘汰了适口性差的籼稻高直链淀粉基因Waxy以及不符合北方农民收获习惯的籼稻落粒基因qSH1,同时保留了北方粳稻原有的理想株型基因DEP1,宽粒基因qSW5。本研究进一步明确了"籼粳杂交优势利用理论"的分子基础。
Hybridization of indica and japonica rice and utilization of an ideal plant type have enabled development of high-yielding japonica rice in northern China.We analyzed the genomic pedigree of indica-japonica hybrids grown in northeastern China from 1963 to 2008.Genome-wide analysis with subspecies-specific indel and SSILP markers showed indica-genotype frequencies were significantly higher in cultivars bred after 1990,and were significantly positively correlated with spikelet number per panicle and significantly negatively correlated with panicle number per plant.Among eight genes controlling agronomic traits,the GN1a and GS3 genes were partly fixed in the northern japonica rice genome.In contrast,Waxy and qSH1 were eliminated,whereas the DEP1 and qSW5 genes were retained.This research defined further molecular basis of hybridization of indica and japonica rice.
Hybridization of indica and japonica rice and utilization of an ideal plant type have enabled development of high-yielding japonica rice in northern China.We analyzed the genomic pedigree of indica-japonica hybrids grown in northeastern China from 1963 to 2008.Genome-wide analysis with subspecies-specific indel and SSILP markers showed indica-genotype frequencies were significantly higher in cultivars bred after 1990,and were significantly positively correlated with spikelet number per panicle and significantly negatively correlated with panicle number per plant.Among eight genes controlling agronomic traits,the GN1a and GS3 genes were partly fixed in the northern japonica rice genome.In contrast,Waxy and qSH1 were eliminated,whereas the DEP1 and qSW5 genes were retained.This research defined further molecular basis of hybridization of indica and japonica rice.
引文
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[15]YAN CJ,YAN S,YANG YC,et al.Development of gene-tagged markers for quantitative trait loci underlying rice yield compo-nents[J].Euphytica,2009,169:215-226.
[16]OLSEN KM,CAICEDO AL,POLATO N,et al.Selection under domestication:evidence for a sweep in the rice Waxy genomicregion[J].Genetics,2006,173:975-983.
[17]KONISHI S,IZAWA T,LIN SY,et al.An SNP caused loss of seed shattering during rice domestication[J].Science,2006,312:1392-1396.
[18]MOLINA J,SIKORA M,GARUD N,et al.Molecular evidence for a single evolutionary origin of domesticated rice[J].PNAS,2010,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA DOI:10.1073/pnas.1104686108.
[19]LONDO JP,CHIANG YC,HUNG KH,et al.Phylogeography of Asian wild rice,Oryza rufipogon,reveals multiple independentdomestications of cultivated rice,Oryza sativa[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2006,103:9578-9583.
[20]HUANG XH,WEI XH,SANG TAO,et al.Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces[J].NatureGenetics,2010,42(11):961-967.
[2]YANG S R.Trends in breeding rice for super high yield[J].Japan Journal of Breeding,1987,37:357-358,486-487.
[3]陈温福,徐正进,张龙步,等.北方粳型稻超高产育种理论与实践[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(5):869-874.
[4]徐正进,陈温福,张文忠,等.北方粳稻新株型超高产育种研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(10):1407-1413.
[5]HUANG XZ,QIAN Q,LIU ZB,et al.Natural variation at the DEP1 locus enhances grain yield in rice[J].Nature Genetics,2009,41(4):494-497.
[6]JIAO YQ,WANG YH,XUE DW,et al.Regulation of OsSPL14 by OsmiR156 defines ideal plant architecture in rice[J].NatureGenetics,2010,42(6):541-544.
[7]SHEN YJ,JIANG H,JIN JP,et al.Development of genome-wide DNA polymorphism database for map-based cloning of ricegenes[J].Plant Physiology,2004,135:1198-1205.
[8]LU BR,CAI XX,JIN X.Efficient indica and japonica rice identi?cation based on the InDel molecular method:Its implicationin rice breeding and evolutionary research[J].Progress in Natural Science,2009,19:1241-1252.
[9]WANG XS,ZHAO XQ,ZHU J,et al.Genome-wide investigation of intron length polymorphisms and their potential as molecularmarkers in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].DNA Res,2005,12:417-427.
[10]ZHAO XQ,YANG L,ZHENG Y,et al.Subspecies-specific intron length polymorphism markers reveal clear genetic differentia-tion in common wild rice(Oryza rufipogon L.)in relation to the domestication of cultivated rice(O.sativa L.)[J].Journal ofGenetics and Genomics,2009,36:435-442.
[11]ASHIKARI M,SAKAKIBARA HI,LIN SY,et al.Cytokinin oxidase regulates rice grain production[J].Science,2005,309:741-745.
[12]SHOMURA A,IZAWA T,EBANA K,et al.Deletion in a gene associated with grain size increased yields during rice domesti-cation[J].Nature Genetics,2008,40:1023-1028.
[13]FAN C,XING Y,MAO H,et al.GS3,a major QTL for grain length and weight and minor QTL for grain width and thicknessin rice,encodes a putative transmembrane protein[J].Theor Appl Genet,2006,112:1164-1171.
[14]SONG XJ,HUANG W,SHI M,et al.A QTL for rice grain width and weight encodes a previously unknown RING-type E3 u-biquitin ligase[J].Nature Genetics,2007,39:623-630.
[15]YAN CJ,YAN S,YANG YC,et al.Development of gene-tagged markers for quantitative trait loci underlying rice yield compo-nents[J].Euphytica,2009,169:215-226.
[16]OLSEN KM,CAICEDO AL,POLATO N,et al.Selection under domestication:evidence for a sweep in the rice Waxy genomicregion[J].Genetics,2006,173:975-983.
[17]KONISHI S,IZAWA T,LIN SY,et al.An SNP caused loss of seed shattering during rice domestication[J].Science,2006,312:1392-1396.
[18]MOLINA J,SIKORA M,GARUD N,et al.Molecular evidence for a single evolutionary origin of domesticated rice[J].PNAS,2010,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA DOI:10.1073/pnas.1104686108.
[19]LONDO JP,CHIANG YC,HUNG KH,et al.Phylogeography of Asian wild rice,Oryza rufipogon,reveals multiple independentdomestications of cultivated rice,Oryza sativa[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2006,103:9578-9583.
[20]HUANG XH,WEI XH,SANG TAO,et al.Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces[J].NatureGenetics,2010,42(11):961-967.