氧化石墨烯强化厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮性能
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摘要
采用氧化石墨烯(GO)增强厌氧氨氧化菌的脱氮性能.通过批次试验观察GO对厌氧氨氧化菌的影响,结果表明:当GO浓度为0.15g/L时,厌氧氨氧化菌脱氮性能最好,总氮去除率比无GO的空白组提高18.6%;当GO剂量达到0.2g/L时,厌氧氨氧化菌活性受到抑制,总氮去除率比空白组降低了26.0%.通过对照实验研究GO对厌氧氨氧化菌脱氮性能的长期影响,结果表明:添加GO的R2反应器在每个基质浓度阶段的平均总氮去除率分别为85.3%,83.2%,81.1%,80.8%,均高于未添加GO的R1反应器.对R2反应器周期内脱氮性能进行动力学分析发现,修正的Boltzmann模型和修正的Gompertz模型比修正的Logistic模型更适合描述GO作用下周期内基质去除特性,并且通过模型得到了周期内任意t时刻下的出水总氮浓度和总氮去除率预测公式.
Graphene oxide(GO) was used to enhance denitrification performance of anammox bacteria. Batch experiments were executed to explore effect of GO on anammox bacteria. The results showed anammox bacteria had the best nitrogen removal performance when the concentration of GO was 0.15 g/L, and the total nitrogen removal rate was 18.6% higher than blank group.When GO concentration reached 0.2 g/L, anammox bacteria activity was inhibited, and the total nitrogen removal rate was reduced by26.0% compare with the blank group. A long-term experiment was operated to ident the effect of GO on anammox bacteria by set control group. The results showed the average total nitrogen removal rate of the R2 reactor with GO was 85.3%, 83.2% and 81.1% and 80.8%, respectively, which was higher than the R1 reactor without GO. The kinetics characteristics of nitrogen removal in a single cycle of the R2 reactor were evaluated. The modified Boltzmann and Gompertz model were found to be the appropriate models to describe the denitrification performance of the R2 reactor in a single cycle. Moreover, the formula to predict the total nitrogen effluent concentration and removal rate at any time in the cycle was obtained.
Graphene oxide(GO) was used to enhance denitrification performance of anammox bacteria. Batch experiments were executed to explore effect of GO on anammox bacteria. The results showed anammox bacteria had the best nitrogen removal performance when the concentration of GO was 0.15 g/L, and the total nitrogen removal rate was 18.6% higher than blank group.When GO concentration reached 0.2 g/L, anammox bacteria activity was inhibited, and the total nitrogen removal rate was reduced by26.0% compare with the blank group. A long-term experiment was operated to ident the effect of GO on anammox bacteria by set control group. The results showed the average total nitrogen removal rate of the R2 reactor with GO was 85.3%, 83.2% and 81.1% and 80.8%, respectively, which was higher than the R1 reactor without GO. The kinetics characteristics of nitrogen removal in a single cycle of the R2 reactor were evaluated. The modified Boltzmann and Gompertz model were found to be the appropriate models to describe the denitrification performance of the R2 reactor in a single cycle. Moreover, the formula to predict the total nitrogen effluent concentration and removal rate at any time in the cycle was obtained.
引文
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[19]姚丽,张俊亚,王红艳,等.不同添加剂强化低丰度厌氧氨氧化菌群的比较[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(5):1490-1500.Yao L, Zhang J Y, Wang H Y, et al. Comparisons of enhancement of low abundance anammox bacteria through different additives[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018,12(5):1490-1500.
[20] Akhavan O, Ghaderi E. Photocatalytic reduction of graphene oxide nanosheets on TiO2 thin film for photoinactivation of bacteria in solar light irradiation[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009,113(47):20214-20220.
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[22] Wang K, Jing R, Song H, et al. Biocompatibility of graphene oxide[J].Nanoscale Research Letters, 2011,6(1):1-8.
[23] Wang D, Wang G, Zhang G, et al. Using graphene oxide to enhance the activity of anammox bacteria for nitrogen removal[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2013,131(2):527-530.
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[29] Mu Y, Yu H Q, Wang G. A kinetic approach to anaerobic hydrogenproducing process.[J]. Water Research, 2007,41(5):1152-1160.
[30] Yang G F, Zhang Q Q, Jin R C. Changes in the nitrogen removal performance and the properties of granular sludge in an Anammox system under oxy tetracycline(OTC)stress[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,129(129C):65-71.
[31]李伟刚,于德爽,李津.ASBR反应器厌氧氨氧化脱氮Ⅱ:反应动力学[J].中国环境科学,2013,(12):2191-2200.Li W G, Yu D S, Li J. Nitrogen removal in the anammox sequencing batch reactor II:Kinetics characteristics[J]. China Environmental Science,2013,(12):2191-2200.
[32]杨振琳,于德爽,李津,等.海藻糖强化厌氧氨氧化耦合反硝化工艺处理高盐废水的脱氮除碳效能[J].环境科学,2018,(10):1-11.Yang Z L, Yu D S, Li J, et al. Enhanced nitrogen and carbon removal performance of simultaneous anammox and denitrification(SAD)with trehalose addition treating saline wastewater[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,(10):1-11.
[33] Salas E C, Sun Z, Luttge A, et al. Reduction of graphene oxide via bacterial respiration[J]. ACS nano, 2010,4(8):4852-4856.
[34] Yin X,Qiao S, Yu C, et al. Effects of reduced graphene oxide on the activities of anammox biomass and key enzymes[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2015,276:106-112.
[35]吕小慧,陈白杨,朱小山.氧化石墨烯的水环境行为及其生物毒性[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(11):3348-3359.Lv X H, Chen B Y, Zhu X Sh. Fate and toxicity of graphene oxide in aquatic environment[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(11):3348-3359.
[2] Strous M, Heijnen J J, Kuenen J G, et al. The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 1998,50(5):5 89-596.
[3] Jetten M S, Wagner M, Fuerst J, et al. Microbiology and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation('anammox')process[J]. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2001,12(3):283.
[4]王栋.AnHA-SNAD耦合工艺处理城镇污水研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.Wang D Study on municipal sewage treatment using AnHA-SNAD integration process[D]. Da Lian:Dalian University of Technology,2015.
[5]陈光辉,李军,邓海亮,等.厌氧氨氧化污泥包埋固定化及其脱氮效能[J].北京工业大学学报,2015,(4):612-620.Chen G H, Li J, Deng H L, et al. Nitrogen removal performance of immobilized anammox sludge[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2015,(4):612-620.
[6]袁青,黄晓丽,高大文.不同填料UAFB-ANAMMOX反应器的脱氮效能[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(3):301-308.Yuan Q, Huang Q L, Gao D W. Comparison of nitrogen removal in UAFB-anammox reactors with different carriers[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2014,27(3):301-308.
[7] Qiao S, Bi Z, Zhou J, et al. Long term effects of divalent ferrous ion on the activity of anammox biomass[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,142(4):490-497.
[8]李祥,黄勇,巫川,等.Fe2+和Fe3+对厌氧氨氧化污泥活性的影响[J].环境科学,2014,(11):4224-4229.Li X, Huang Y, Wu C, et al. Effect of Fe2+and Fe3+on the Activity of anammox[J]. Environmental Science, 2014,(11):4224-4229.
[9] Chen H, Yu J J, Jia X Y, et al. Enhancement of anammox performance by Cu(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ)supplementation.[J]. Chemosphere,2014,117(1):610-616.
[10] Karadag D, Puhakka J A. Enhancement of anaerobic hydrogen production by iron and nickel[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010,35(16):8554-8560.
[11] Huang X, Gao D, Peng S, et al. Effects of ferrous and manganese ions on anammox process in sequencing batch biofilm reactors[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2014,26(5):1034-1039.
[12] Qiao S, Bi Z, Zhou J, et al. Long term effect of MnO2 powder addition on nitrogen removal by anammox process[J]. Bioresource Technology,2012,124(337):520-525.
[13]马静,郑照明,王朝朝,等.抗生素对厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥脱氮性能的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(4):1315-1321.Ma J, Zhen Z M, Wang Z Z, et al. Effect of antibiotics on the nitrogen removal performance of anammox granules[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(4):1315-1321.
[14]张向晖,彭永臻,贾方旭,等.外源自诱导物对厌氧氨氧化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(5):1727-1733.Zhang X H, Peng Y Z, Jia F X, et al. Effect of the exogenous autoinducers on the anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)[J].China Environmental Science, 2018,38(5):1727-1733.
[15] Lednev V V. Possible mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems.[J]. Bioelectromagnetics,2010,12(2):71-75.
[16] Qiao S, Yin X, Zhou J, et al. Inhibition and recovery of continuous electric field application on the activity of anammox biomass[J].Biodegradation, 2014,25(4):505-513.
[17] Duan X, Zhou J, Qiao S, et al. Application of low intensity ultrasound to enhance the activity of anammox microbial consortium for nitrogen removal[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2011,102(5):4290-4293.
[18]张典典,汪涛,邵敬敬,等.超声强化作用下厌氧氨氧化工艺启动运行性能[J].中国环境科学,2018,(4):1356-1363.Zhang D D,Wang T, Shao J J, et al. Start-up and operation performance of anammox process enhanced by ultrasound irradiation[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,(4):1356-1363.
[19]姚丽,张俊亚,王红艳,等.不同添加剂强化低丰度厌氧氨氧化菌群的比较[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(5):1490-1500.Yao L, Zhang J Y, Wang H Y, et al. Comparisons of enhancement of low abundance anammox bacteria through different additives[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018,12(5):1490-1500.
[20] Akhavan O, Ghaderi E. Photocatalytic reduction of graphene oxide nanosheets on TiO2 thin film for photoinactivation of bacteria in solar light irradiation[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009,113(47):20214-20220.
[21]Ruiz O N, Fernando K A S, Wang B, et al. Graphene oxide:A nonspecific enhancer of cellular growth[J]. Acs Nano, 2011,5(10):8100-8107.
[22] Wang K, Jing R, Song H, et al. Biocompatibility of graphene oxide[J].Nanoscale Research Letters, 2011,6(1):1-8.
[23] Wang D, Wang G, Zhang G, et al. Using graphene oxide to enhance the activity of anammox bacteria for nitrogen removal[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2013,131(2):527-530.
[24] Brodie B C. On the atomic weight of graphite.[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1859,10(1):11-12.
[25] Staudenmaier L. Verfahren zur darstellung der graphitsä ure[J]. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 31(2):1481-1487.
[26] Hummers W S, Offeman R E. Preparation of graphitic oxide.[J]Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1957,80(6). 1339-1440.
[27] Guo H L, Wang X F, Qian Q Y, et al. A green approach to the synthesis of graphene nanosheets[J]. Acs Nano, 2009,3(9):2653-2659.
[28]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法.第4版[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:258-282.The State Environmental Protection Administration. Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis method[M]. Fourth Edition,Beijing:China Environmental Science Press, 2002:258-282.
[29] Mu Y, Yu H Q, Wang G. A kinetic approach to anaerobic hydrogenproducing process.[J]. Water Research, 2007,41(5):1152-1160.
[30] Yang G F, Zhang Q Q, Jin R C. Changes in the nitrogen removal performance and the properties of granular sludge in an Anammox system under oxy tetracycline(OTC)stress[J]. Bioresource Technology,2013,129(129C):65-71.
[31]李伟刚,于德爽,李津.ASBR反应器厌氧氨氧化脱氮Ⅱ:反应动力学[J].中国环境科学,2013,(12):2191-2200.Li W G, Yu D S, Li J. Nitrogen removal in the anammox sequencing batch reactor II:Kinetics characteristics[J]. China Environmental Science,2013,(12):2191-2200.
[32]杨振琳,于德爽,李津,等.海藻糖强化厌氧氨氧化耦合反硝化工艺处理高盐废水的脱氮除碳效能[J].环境科学,2018,(10):1-11.Yang Z L, Yu D S, Li J, et al. Enhanced nitrogen and carbon removal performance of simultaneous anammox and denitrification(SAD)with trehalose addition treating saline wastewater[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,(10):1-11.
[33] Salas E C, Sun Z, Luttge A, et al. Reduction of graphene oxide via bacterial respiration[J]. ACS nano, 2010,4(8):4852-4856.
[34] Yin X,Qiao S, Yu C, et al. Effects of reduced graphene oxide on the activities of anammox biomass and key enzymes[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2015,276:106-112.
[35]吕小慧,陈白杨,朱小山.氧化石墨烯的水环境行为及其生物毒性[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(11):3348-3359.Lv X H, Chen B Y, Zhu X Sh. Fate and toxicity of graphene oxide in aquatic environment[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(11):3348-3359.