中国传统聚落景观基因组图谱特征
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摘要
传统聚落是优秀的民族文化遗产,现阶段迫切需要加强相关研究方法的探索,这对中国经济和社会发展具有重要意义。针对目前不能有效解释传统聚落景观要素与整体意象之间的关系这一问题,结合生物基因组图谱和传统聚落景观基因理论开展了景观基因组图谱的探索。根据基因的特性,首先阐述了传统聚落景观基因组的概念。在此基础上,本文提出了传统聚落景观基因组图谱的概念并分析了其与景观基因、景观基因组三者之间的关系,进一步分析了传统聚落景观基因组图谱的类型、功能和意义。根据前述理论研究成果,以湖南省具有代表性的30个传统聚落为例,构建了传统聚落景观基因组图谱的案例,据此分析了湖南省传统聚落的群系性特征;同时,以汝城金山村为例进行了传统聚落景观基因组的识别。结果表明,传统聚落景观基因组图谱对于实现传统聚落景观数字化、挖掘传统聚落的规划模式、识别不同区域的传统聚落景观特征等具有实际意义。
Thousands of traditional settlements with prominent historical and cultural information of China are considered as the Chinese traditional treasures. They play an important role in the new tide of current social-economic development and urbanization processes of China. Recently, the Landscape Gene Theory(LGT), which aims to dissect the cultural features of traditional settlements of China, is a powerful tool for a better understanding of the landscape patterns of traditional settlements and is gaining more and more attention. Plenty of prominent cultural factors derived from the traditional settlements are identified by LGT. These are very helpful knowledge about the intrinsic cultural features implicated in the traditional settlements. However, LGT does not still cope well with the corelationships among landscape genes of traditional settlements. Therefore, LGT cannot capture the mechanisms between the prominent cultural factors and landscape images of traditional settlements. Targeted to partly resolve this issue, this paper employs methods in genome mapping of biology and LGT to integrate into a new research framework to address these mechanisms. The framework is named as Traditional Settlement Landscapes' Genome Maps(TSLGM) according to its conception and connotation. The paper is organized in the following orders. Firstly, it makes the definition and classification of TSLGM by the theoretical fundamental and essential features of LGT. Secondly, the functionalities and academic significances of TSLGM are also highlighted. Thirdly, practical flowcharts for constructing and organizing an instance of TSLGM are brought forward. Finally, 30 well-known traditional settlements of Hunan Province of China are taken as study areas. The paper portrays the spatial pattern for the 30 traditional settlements according to their TSLGM. Furthermore, a genome pattern identification of landscape genes of traditional settlements is performed by using Jinshan village of Rucheng County as an example. To sum up, this paper indicates that TSLGM plays a paramount role in capturing characteristics of the traditional settlements, which is a potential methodological progress for LGT. From this paper, it is found that TSLGM has some potential points in traditional settlement digitalization, planning pattern mining and characteristics of regional traditional landscapes identification.
Thousands of traditional settlements with prominent historical and cultural information of China are considered as the Chinese traditional treasures. They play an important role in the new tide of current social-economic development and urbanization processes of China. Recently, the Landscape Gene Theory(LGT), which aims to dissect the cultural features of traditional settlements of China, is a powerful tool for a better understanding of the landscape patterns of traditional settlements and is gaining more and more attention. Plenty of prominent cultural factors derived from the traditional settlements are identified by LGT. These are very helpful knowledge about the intrinsic cultural features implicated in the traditional settlements. However, LGT does not still cope well with the corelationships among landscape genes of traditional settlements. Therefore, LGT cannot capture the mechanisms between the prominent cultural factors and landscape images of traditional settlements. Targeted to partly resolve this issue, this paper employs methods in genome mapping of biology and LGT to integrate into a new research framework to address these mechanisms. The framework is named as Traditional Settlement Landscapes' Genome Maps(TSLGM) according to its conception and connotation. The paper is organized in the following orders. Firstly, it makes the definition and classification of TSLGM by the theoretical fundamental and essential features of LGT. Secondly, the functionalities and academic significances of TSLGM are also highlighted. Thirdly, practical flowcharts for constructing and organizing an instance of TSLGM are brought forward. Finally, 30 well-known traditional settlements of Hunan Province of China are taken as study areas. The paper portrays the spatial pattern for the 30 traditional settlements according to their TSLGM. Furthermore, a genome pattern identification of landscape genes of traditional settlements is performed by using Jinshan village of Rucheng County as an example. To sum up, this paper indicates that TSLGM plays a paramount role in capturing characteristics of the traditional settlements, which is a potential methodological progress for LGT. From this paper, it is found that TSLGM has some potential points in traditional settlement digitalization, planning pattern mining and characteristics of regional traditional landscapes identification.
引文
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[2]Tong Yuquan.Research on the spatial differentiation of Chinese traditional village based on GIS.Human Geography,2014,29(4):44-51.[佟玉权.基于GIS的中国传统村落空间分异研究.人文地理,2014,29(4):44-51.]
[3]Hu Zui,Liu Peilin.Spatial pattern of landscape genes in traditional settlements of Hunan Province.Acta Geographica Sinica,2013,68(2):219-231.[胡最,刘沛林.湖南省传统聚落景观基因空间特征.地理学报,2013,68(2):219-231.]
[4]Gao Xingxi.Study on Shanxi merchant settlements'fair space environment and store-house dwellings pattern.Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology,2011,28(4):91-100.[高兴玺.晋商聚落市居空间环境与店铺民居形态研究.科学技术哲学研究,2011,28(4):91-100.]
[5]Wei Fengqun,Xi Yueting.A research on spread of urban space view of cultural gene:A case study of Xi'an.Urban Studies,2012,19(7):47-52.[魏峰群,席岳婷.基于文化基因传承视角下的城市空间蔓延初探:以西安市为例.城市发展研究,2012,19(7):47-52.]
[6]Shi Lisha,Peng Ying,Huang Lu,et al.Landscape spatial analysis on different levels for Zhagana ecological settlement,Diebu,Gansu Province.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2012,32(4):485-491.[史利莎,彭莹,黄璐,等.甘肃省迭部县扎尕那生态人居多层次景观空间解构.地理科学,2012,32(4):485-491.]
[7]Huang Yun.On the settlement types of the Mosuo people in Luguhu Lake:A study on defining the types of minority villages in Southwest China.New Architecture,2011(5):109-113.[黄耘.泸沽湖摩梭聚落类型研究:探索适合西南少数民族聚落分类的方法.新建筑,2011(5):109-113.]
[8]Dai Linlin,Gai Shijie.Beijing suburban historical village resource type and taxonomy:Beijing east suburb example.Planners,2011,27(4):84-89.[戴林琳,盖世杰.京郊历史文化村落的资源类型及其谱系建构研究:以北京东郊为例.规划师,2011,27(4):84-89.]
[9]Zhou Hongwei.The type of China's historic&cultural towns and villages:An analysis from the traditional function perspective.Agricultural History of China,2009(4):92-101.[周宏伟.基于传统功能视角的我国历史文化村镇类型探讨.中国农史,2009(4):92-101.]
[10]Xu Feijin.Explore on the formation and evolution for Liuken traditional village of Lean County of Jiangxi Province.Agricultural Archaeology,2008(3):236-238.[许飞进,刘强.乐安流坑村传统聚落形成与演变的特色探讨.农业考古,2008(3):236-238.]
[11]Liu Xiaoxing.Study on organic evolution of Chinese traditional settlement and some revelations.Urban Planning Forum,2007(3):55-60.[刘晓星.中国传统聚落形态的有机演进途径及其启示.城市规划学刊,2007(3):55-60.]
[12]Liu Peilin,Dong Shuangshuang.Study on landscape-image of Chinese ancient village.Geographical Research,1998,17(1):31-38.[刘沛林,董双双.中国古村落景观的空间意象研究.地理研究,1998,17(1):31-38.]
[13]Pan Ying,Shi Ying.Study on the layout mode of traditional settlements in Jiangxi Province.Journal of Nanchang University(Social Edition),2007,38(3):94-98.[潘莹,施瑛.论江西传统聚落布局的模式特征.南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版),2007,38(3):94-98.]
[14]Liu Peilin."Landscape Information Chain"theory and its utilization in planning of cultural tour destinations.Economic Geography,2008,28(6):1035-1039.[刘沛林.“景观信息链”理论及其在文化旅游地规划中的运用.经济地理,2008,28(6):1035-1039.]
[15]Yang Guiqing.Integrated characteristics of space and social significance of traditional Chinese settlements.Tongji University Journal Social Science Section,2014,25(3):60-68.[杨贵庆.我国传统聚落空间整体性特征及其社会学意义.同济大学学报(社会科学版),2014,25(3):60-68.]
[16]Shen Xiuying,Liu Peilin,Deng Yunyuan,et al.Landscape communities of traditional settlement in southern China and their values of conservation and utilization.Geographical Research,2006,25(3):485-494.[申秀英,刘沛林,邓运员,等.中国南方传统聚落景观区划及其利用价值.地理研究,2006,25(3):485-494.]
[17]Zhao Chuanhai.A research on meme and its social function.Henan Social Sciences,2008,16(2):36-40.[赵传海.论文化基因及其社会功能.河南社会科学,2008,16(2):36-40.]
[18]Jean-Baptiste Michel,Yuan Kui Shen,Aviva Presser Aiden,et al.Quantitative analysis of culture using millions of digitized books.Science,2011,331(1):176-182.
[19]Liu Peilin,Liu Chunla,Deng Yunyuan,et al.Study on ancient village's protection and development which based on the concept of landscape-gene's integrity.Economic Geography,2009,29(10):1731-1736.[刘沛林,刘春腊,邓运员,等.基于景观基因完整性理念的传统聚落保护与开发.经济地理,2009,29(10):1731-1736.]
[20]Liu Peilin,Liu Chunla,Deng Yunyuan et al.Landscape division of traditional settlement and effect elements of landscape gene in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(12):1496-1506.[刘沛林,刘春腊,邓运员,等.中国传统聚落景观区划及其景观基因识别要素研究.地理学报,2010,65(12):1496-1506.]
[21]Liu Peilin.The gene expression and the sight identification of the ancient villages'cultural landscape.Journal of Hengyang Normal University(Social Science),2003,24(4):1-8.[刘沛林.古村落文化景观的基因表达与景观识别.衡阳师范学院学报(社会科学),2003,24(4):1-8.]
[22]Hu Zui,Liu Chuanla,Deng Yunyuan,et al.Research progress on traditional settlements landscape's gene.Progress in Geography,2012,31(12):1620-1627.[胡最,刘春腊,邓运员,等.传统聚落景观基因及其研究进展.地理科学进展,2012,31(12):1620-1627.]
[23]Liu Peilin,Liu Chunla,Deng Yunyuan,et al.A study on icon-expression of China's ancient-city landscape genes"CellChain-Shape"and regional differences.Human Geography,2011,26(1):94-99.[刘沛林,刘春腊,邓运员,等.我国古城镇景观基因“胞—链—形”的图示表达与区域差异研究.人文地理,2011,26(1):94-99.]
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