找回时间:一项新的公共政策研究议程
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摘要
公共政策是一个时间现象,几乎所有的政策研究文献都会关注到时间及其重要性。时间与公共政策之间的关系是复杂的。迄今为止的研究大致从语境、现象、结构、资源四个角度来认知时间,探讨了时间发生学与时间影响力两大主题,由此形成了一定的知识谱系。但总体来说,这一知识谱系是不完整的、碎片化的,至今尚未形成关于时间与公共政策的一般性理论分析框架。论文把时间当成公共政策的内生变量,提出要把时间重新带回到公共政策理论研究的中心,并从时间观念、时间规则和时间策略三个维度建立了一个概念性的框架。该分析框架虽然是初步的,但为研究时间与公共政策提出了一个新的研究方向。
Public policy is basically a time phenomenon,and almost all the existing policy research literature has paid attention to time as well as noting its importance. The relationship between time and public policy,however,is complex. The existing research generally take time as context,phenomenon,structure or resource while discussing the two main topics of time: the occurrence and the influence,which formed a valuable knowledge pedigree. This pedigree is, however, incomplete and fragmented. As a result,a theoretical framework on time and public policy has generally not formed yet.This paperviews time as an endogenous variable of public policy. The author proposes that time should be placed at the core of public policy studies,and thus establishes a conceptual framework based on the dimensions of time perception,time rules as well as time strategies. Although preliminary,it presents a new direction for the future studies on time and public policy.
Public policy is basically a time phenomenon,and almost all the existing policy research literature has paid attention to time as well as noting its importance. The relationship between time and public policy,however,is complex. The existing research generally take time as context,phenomenon,structure or resource while discussing the two main topics of time: the occurrence and the influence,which formed a valuable knowledge pedigree. This pedigree is, however, incomplete and fragmented. As a result,a theoretical framework on time and public policy has generally not formed yet.This paperviews time as an endogenous variable of public policy. The author proposes that time should be placed at the core of public policy studies,and thus establishes a conceptual framework based on the dimensions of time perception,time rules as well as time strategies. Although preliminary,it presents a new direction for the future studies on time and public policy.
引文
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竺乾威(1995).渐进决策理论及其运用.决策探索,11:14-15.
周雪光、练宏(2011).政府内部上下级部门间谈判的一个分析框架.中国社会科学,5:80-96.
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Avery,G.(2009).Uses of Time in the EU's Enlargement Process.Journal of European Public Policy,16(2):256-269.
Baumgartner,F.R.&Jones,B.D.(1993).Agendas and Instability in American Politics.Chicago:The University of Chicago Press.
Béland,D.(2010).Reconsidering Policy Feedback:How Policies Affect Politics.Administration&Society,45(2):568-590.
Bergstorm,C-F.,Farrell,H.&Héritier,A.(2007).Legislate or Delegate?Bargaining over Implementation and Legislative Authority in the EU.West European Politics,30(2):338-366.
Bevan,G.&Robinson,R.(2005).The Interplay between Economic and Political Logics:Path Dependency in Health Care in England.Journal of Health Politics,Policy and Law,30(1):53-78.
Borghetto,E.(2014).Legislative Processes as Sequences:Exploring Temporal Trajectories of Italian Law-making By Means of Sequence Analysis.International Review of Administrative Sciences,80(3):553-576.
Brewer,G.D.(1974).The Policy Sciences Emerge:To Nurture and Structure a Discipline.Policy Sciences,5(3):239-244.
Campbell,A.L.(2003).How Policies Make Citizens Senior Political Activism and the American Welfare State.Princeton:Princeton University Press.
Carpenter,D.(2001).The Forging of Bureaucratic Autonomy:Reputation,Networks and Policy Innovation in Executive Agencies:1862-1923.Princeton:Princeton University Press.
Cohen,M.D.,March,J.G.&Olsen,J.P.(1972).A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice.Administrative Science Quarterly,17(1):1-25.
Daugbjerg,C.(2009).Sequencing in Public Policy:The Evolution of the CAP Over a Decade.Journal of European Public Policy,16(3):395-411.
Donnelly,P.&Hogan,J.(2012).Understanding Policy Change Using a Critical Junctures Theory in Comparative Context.The Policy Studies Journal,40(2):324-350.
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