塔式起重机回转运动引起起重臂振动响应分析
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摘要
塔式起重机的回转惯性力将引起起重臂水平面内的振动,这一振动是起重机产生疲劳破坏的主要原因之一。文中根据塔式起重机在回转运动过程中的运动特性,将其简化为悬臂梁,再建立移动质量—悬臂梁系统运动微分方程,仿真分析了回转运动对起重臂振动的影响规律。仿真结果表明:回转加速度的增加将使起重臂的振动幅值增加;回转机构在加、减速运动过程中,起重臂的振动幅值和周期以及振动的平衡位置随着钢丝绳长度和起重量的增加而增加;回转机构在匀速运动过程中,起重臂振动幅值和周期以及振动的平衡位置随着钢丝绳长度和起重量的增加而减小。
The rotary inertia force of the tower crane will cause vibration in the horizontal plane of the boom, which is one of the main reasons for fatigue damage of the crane. According to the motion characteristics of the tower crane in the process of rotary motion, in the paper, it is simplified into a cantilever beam, then the differential equation of motion of the moving mass-cantilever beam system is established, and the influence law of rotary motion on the vibration of the boom is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the vibration amplitude of the boom will increase with the increase of the rotational acceleration; during the acceleration and deceleration of the slewing mechanism, the amplitude and period of the boom vibration and the balance position of the vibration increase with the increase of the length and lifting weight of the wire rope; during the uniform motion of the slewing mechanism, the amplitude and period of the boom vibration and the balance position of the vibration decrease with the increase of the length and lifting weight of the wire rope.
The rotary inertia force of the tower crane will cause vibration in the horizontal plane of the boom, which is one of the main reasons for fatigue damage of the crane. According to the motion characteristics of the tower crane in the process of rotary motion, in the paper, it is simplified into a cantilever beam, then the differential equation of motion of the moving mass-cantilever beam system is established, and the influence law of rotary motion on the vibration of the boom is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the vibration amplitude of the boom will increase with the increase of the rotational acceleration; during the acceleration and deceleration of the slewing mechanism, the amplitude and period of the boom vibration and the balance position of the vibration increase with the increase of the length and lifting weight of the wire rope; during the uniform motion of the slewing mechanism, the amplitude and period of the boom vibration and the balance position of the vibration decrease with the increase of the length and lifting weight of the wire rope.
引文
[1]Ueda M,Murasawa Y,Iwata K,et al.Residual Oscillation Suppression of a Tower Crane Cargo by Monotonized Swinging Motion in Constant Velocity Rotation[J].Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,2013,79(802):1 872-1 882.
[2]姜银方,姬胜杰,潘凌云,等.回转式起重机吊摆系统的建模与仿真分析[J].电子科技,2015,28(10):22-26.
[3]王鹏程,方勇纯,相吉磊,等.回转旋臂式船用起重机的动力学分析与建模[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(20):34-40.
[4]董明晓,张恩,韩松君,等.塔式起重机运动惯性力引起货物摆动特性分析[J].山东建筑大学学报,2017,32(4):307-310,338.
[5]张义民.机械振动[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.
[2]姜银方,姬胜杰,潘凌云,等.回转式起重机吊摆系统的建模与仿真分析[J].电子科技,2015,28(10):22-26.
[3]王鹏程,方勇纯,相吉磊,等.回转旋臂式船用起重机的动力学分析与建模[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(20):34-40.
[4]董明晓,张恩,韩松君,等.塔式起重机运动惯性力引起货物摆动特性分析[J].山东建筑大学学报,2017,32(4):307-310,338.
[5]张义民.机械振动[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.