露天矿境界优化几何约束模型优化及其应用
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摘要
几何约束模型的合理性和复杂程度直接影响到模型构建的效率,进而对境界优化的速度产生影响,保证精度和提高运算速度是几何约束模型优化的重点。在总结常用拟合方式的基础上,提出了边坡轮廓插值方法和快速构建开采锥的算法:基于角度反比插值拟合模型,提出了边坡角随方位角、高程变化情况下,快速构建开采锥的环形搜索块判别方式,提高了开采锥构建的合理性和效率;给出了开采锥去冗余的方法,精简了块的几何约束关系,提高了开采锥构建的速度。将以上算法应用于某露天矿中,在构建价值模型基础上,批量生成了一组嵌套坑,选出了经济效益最优的最终境界。
The rationality and complexity of geometric constraint model directly affect the efficiency of model building,and then affect the speed of boundary optimization.To ensure the accuracy and improve the operation speed is the key point of the optimization of geometric constraint model. On the basis of summarizing the common fitting methods,a method of slope contour interpolation and an algorithm for quickly constructing mining cone by simplifying the geometric constraint relation were proposed. Based on the angle inverse interpolation fitting model,the discriminant method was proposed to improve the rationality and efficiency of the mining cone construction of ring search block for constructing the mining cone quickly under the condition of slope angle changing with azimuth and elevation. It is mentioned that the method of redundancy of mining cone removal that simplified the optimization process and improved the operation speed of mining cone construction. On the basis of constructing the value model,a set of nested pits was produced in batches,and the ultimate pit of the mine was selected when applied to an open-pit mine.
The rationality and complexity of geometric constraint model directly affect the efficiency of model building,and then affect the speed of boundary optimization.To ensure the accuracy and improve the operation speed is the key point of the optimization of geometric constraint model. On the basis of summarizing the common fitting methods,a method of slope contour interpolation and an algorithm for quickly constructing mining cone by simplifying the geometric constraint relation were proposed. Based on the angle inverse interpolation fitting model,the discriminant method was proposed to improve the rationality and efficiency of the mining cone construction of ring search block for constructing the mining cone quickly under the condition of slope angle changing with azimuth and elevation. It is mentioned that the method of redundancy of mining cone removal that simplified the optimization process and improved the operation speed of mining cone construction. On the basis of constructing the value model,a set of nested pits was produced in batches,and the ultimate pit of the mine was selected when applied to an open-pit mine.
引文
[1]李云,杨珊,钟福生.基于有限元与极限平衡分析的露天矿边坡角优化[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(2):145.Li Yun,Yang Shan,Zhong Fusheng.Rock slope angle op‐timization based on finite element method and limit equi‐librium theory[J].China Safety Science Journal,2012,22(2):145.
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[3]王青,顾晓薇,胥孝川,等.露天矿生产规划要素整体优化方法及其应用[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(12):1796-1800.Wang Qing,Gu Xiaowei,Xu Xiaochuan,et al.Holistic optimization of production planning elements and its ap‐plication for open-pit mine[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2014,35(12):1796-1800.
[4]Khodayari AA.Anew algorithm for determining ultimate pit limits based on network optimization[J].Internet Journal Minning and Geology,2013,47(2):129-137.
[5]张彤炜,王李管,龚元翔.露天开采的境界优化算法研究及应用[J].金属矿山,2008,38(2):30-34.Zhang Tongwei,Wang Liguan,Gong Yuanxiang.Study on algorithms for open-pit limit optimization and its appli‐cation[J].Metal Mine,2008,38(2):30-34.
[6]杨彪.露天矿开采境界动态优化研究及应用[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.Yang Biao.Study on Dynamical Optimization and Appli‐cation of Open Pit Mine Limit[D].Changsha:Central South University,2011.
[7]张延凯,李克庆,胡乃联,等.露天矿境界优化LG算法初始有向图生成研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(增2):367-373.Zhang Yankai,Li Keqing,Hu Nailian,et al.A study of generating the initial directed graph for LG algorithm of open pit optimization[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(Supp.2):367-373.
[8]Gilani S O,Sattarvand J.A new heuristic non-linear ap‐proach for modeling the variable slope angles in open pit mine planning algorithms[J].Acta Montanistica Slova‐ca,2015,20(4):251-259.
[9]Khalokakaie R,Dowd P A,Fowell R J.Lerchs-Gross‐mann algorithm with variable slope angles[J].Transac‐tions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,2000,109(2):77-85.
[10]黄俊歆,王李管,毕林,等.改进的露天境界优化几何约束模型及其应用[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2010,33(12):78-83.Huang Junxin,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.The improved geometrical constraint model of open-pit mine boundary optimum and its application[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2010,33(12):78-83.
[11]Gilani S O,Sattarvand J.A new heuristic non-linear ap‐proach for modeling the variable slope angles in open pit mine planning algorithms[J].Acta Montanistica Slova‐ca,2015,20(4):251-259.
[12]Shishvan M S,Sattarvand J.Modeling of accurate vari‐able slope angles in open-pit mine design using spline in‐terpolation/modelowanie zmiennego k?ta nachylenia stoku W projektowaniu kopalni odkrywkowych za po‐moc?interpolacji funkcjami sklejaj?cymi(metod?spline’ów)[J].Archives of Mining Sciences,2013,57(4):921-932.
[13]王志民.分形理论在距离幂次反比法估算矿体品位中的应用[J].中国锰业,1997,15(2):19-22.Wang Zhimin.Application of fractal theory to the estima‐tion of ore body’s grade by the reverse K square distance method[J].China’s Manganese Industry,1997,15(2):19-22.
[14]荆永滨,王李管,毕林,等.复杂矿体的块段模型建模算法[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,38(2):97-100.Jing Yongbin,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.Robust creation of block model from complex orebody model[J].Journal Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2010,38(2):97-100.
[15]Choudhury S,Chatterjee S.Pit optimization and life of mine scheduling for a tenement in the Central African Copper belt[J].International Journal of Mining Reclama‐tion and Environment,2014,28(3):200-213.
[16]胥孝川,顾晓薇,王青,等.露天矿多采区受约束条件下全境界优化[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(1):79-83,93.Xu Xiaochuan,Gu Xiaowei,Wang Qing,et al.Optimiz‐ing the whole boundary of open-pit mining areas with re‐strictions[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natu‐ral Science),2016,37(1):79-83,93.
[2]Picard J C,Smith B T.Parametric maximum flows and the calculation of optimal intermediate contours in open pit mine design[J].Infor,2004,42(2):143-153.
[3]王青,顾晓薇,胥孝川,等.露天矿生产规划要素整体优化方法及其应用[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(12):1796-1800.Wang Qing,Gu Xiaowei,Xu Xiaochuan,et al.Holistic optimization of production planning elements and its ap‐plication for open-pit mine[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2014,35(12):1796-1800.
[4]Khodayari AA.Anew algorithm for determining ultimate pit limits based on network optimization[J].Internet Journal Minning and Geology,2013,47(2):129-137.
[5]张彤炜,王李管,龚元翔.露天开采的境界优化算法研究及应用[J].金属矿山,2008,38(2):30-34.Zhang Tongwei,Wang Liguan,Gong Yuanxiang.Study on algorithms for open-pit limit optimization and its appli‐cation[J].Metal Mine,2008,38(2):30-34.
[6]杨彪.露天矿开采境界动态优化研究及应用[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.Yang Biao.Study on Dynamical Optimization and Appli‐cation of Open Pit Mine Limit[D].Changsha:Central South University,2011.
[7]张延凯,李克庆,胡乃联,等.露天矿境界优化LG算法初始有向图生成研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(增2):367-373.Zhang Yankai,Li Keqing,Hu Nailian,et al.A study of generating the initial directed graph for LG algorithm of open pit optimization[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(Supp.2):367-373.
[8]Gilani S O,Sattarvand J.A new heuristic non-linear ap‐proach for modeling the variable slope angles in open pit mine planning algorithms[J].Acta Montanistica Slova‐ca,2015,20(4):251-259.
[9]Khalokakaie R,Dowd P A,Fowell R J.Lerchs-Gross‐mann algorithm with variable slope angles[J].Transac‐tions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,2000,109(2):77-85.
[10]黄俊歆,王李管,毕林,等.改进的露天境界优化几何约束模型及其应用[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2010,33(12):78-83.Huang Junxin,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.The improved geometrical constraint model of open-pit mine boundary optimum and its application[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2010,33(12):78-83.
[11]Gilani S O,Sattarvand J.A new heuristic non-linear ap‐proach for modeling the variable slope angles in open pit mine planning algorithms[J].Acta Montanistica Slova‐ca,2015,20(4):251-259.
[12]Shishvan M S,Sattarvand J.Modeling of accurate vari‐able slope angles in open-pit mine design using spline in‐terpolation/modelowanie zmiennego k?ta nachylenia stoku W projektowaniu kopalni odkrywkowych za po‐moc?interpolacji funkcjami sklejaj?cymi(metod?spline’ów)[J].Archives of Mining Sciences,2013,57(4):921-932.
[13]王志民.分形理论在距离幂次反比法估算矿体品位中的应用[J].中国锰业,1997,15(2):19-22.Wang Zhimin.Application of fractal theory to the estima‐tion of ore body’s grade by the reverse K square distance method[J].China’s Manganese Industry,1997,15(2):19-22.
[14]荆永滨,王李管,毕林,等.复杂矿体的块段模型建模算法[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010,38(2):97-100.Jing Yongbin,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.Robust creation of block model from complex orebody model[J].Journal Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2010,38(2):97-100.
[15]Choudhury S,Chatterjee S.Pit optimization and life of mine scheduling for a tenement in the Central African Copper belt[J].International Journal of Mining Reclama‐tion and Environment,2014,28(3):200-213.
[16]胥孝川,顾晓薇,王青,等.露天矿多采区受约束条件下全境界优化[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(1):79-83,93.Xu Xiaochuan,Gu Xiaowei,Wang Qing,et al.Optimiz‐ing the whole boundary of open-pit mining areas with re‐strictions[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natu‐ral Science),2016,37(1):79-83,93.