硅气凝胶增强增韧的研究进展
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摘要
硅气凝胶作为纳米多孔材料具有热导率低、密度小、孔隙率高等诸多优点,但强韧性差的缺点依然限制了其广泛应用。近年来,国内外学者研究制备的硅气凝胶的整体性和强韧性大为改善。从增强增韧硅气凝胶本体强度方面出发,简要介绍了其原料配比及制备工艺增强增韧的研究进展;再从材料复合硅气凝胶方面出发,综合论述了聚合物、纤维、石墨烯增强增韧的研究进展。
As nano porous materials,silica aerogel has many advantages,such as low thermal conductivity,low density and high porosity.But the disadvantages of bad strong-toughness still limit its wide application.In recent years,the integrity and strong-toughness of silica aerogel prepared by scholars in China and abroad have been improved greatly.Starting from reinforcing the strength of toughened silica aerogel itself,the research progress of its raw material ratio and preparation technology was introduced.Then starting from the compound materials of silica aerogel,the research progress of strengthening and toughening of polymer,fiber and graphene was also discussed.
As nano porous materials,silica aerogel has many advantages,such as low thermal conductivity,low density and high porosity.But the disadvantages of bad strong-toughness still limit its wide application.In recent years,the integrity and strong-toughness of silica aerogel prepared by scholars in China and abroad have been improved greatly.Starting from reinforcing the strength of toughened silica aerogel itself,the research progress of its raw material ratio and preparation technology was introduced.Then starting from the compound materials of silica aerogel,the research progress of strengthening and toughening of polymer,fiber and graphene was also discussed.
引文
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[15] Zhou T,Cheng X,Pan Y,et al.Mechanical performance and thermal stability of glass fiber reinforced silica aerogel composites based on co-precursor method by freeze drying[J].Applied Surface Science,2018,437:321-328.
[16] Li Z,Cheng X,He S,et al.Aramid fibers reinforced silica aerogel composites with low thermal conductivity and improved mechanical performance[J].Composites Part A,2016,84(3):316-325.
[17] Chen Q,Chen Y,Wu H,et al.Preparation and characterization of aerogel composites reinforced with electrospun nanofibre[J].Materials Research Innovations,2015,19(2):185-189.
[18] Wang B,Song K,Hainan M A.Synthesis and characterization of carbon nanofibers doped silica aerogels[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2013,34(5):604-608.
[19] Dervin S,Lang Y,Perova T,et al.Graphene oxide reinforced high surface area silica aerogels[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2017,465(1):31-38.
[20]贺伟.石墨烯、纤维增强硅气凝胶的制备与性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2017:33-38.
[2] He F,Zhao H L,Qu X H,et al.Modified aging process for silica aerogel[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,209(3):1621-1626.
[3]左军超.SiO2气凝胶及其复合材料的常压干燥制备工艺与性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2009:42.
[4] Hwang Sung-Woo,Kim Tae-Youn,Hyun Sang-Hoon.Effect of surface modification conditions on the synthesis of mesoporous crackfree silica aerogel monoliths from waterglass via ambient-drying[J].Microporous&Mesoporous Materials,2010,130(1/2/3):295-302.
[5] Qu K,Pu Q,Shan G R.Preparation and characterization of organicinorganic hybrid flexible silica aerogel[J].CIESC Journal,2014,23:20-23.
[6] Cai L,Pu Q,Qu K,et al.Effects of acid-base catalysts concentration on structures and properties of flexible silica aerogels[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(2):648-651.
[7] Rao A V,Sakhare H M,Tamhankar A K,et al.Influence of N,Ndimethylformamide additive on the physicalproperties of citric acid catalyzed TEOS silica aerogels[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,1999,60(3):268-273.
[8] Katti A,Shimpi N,Roy S,et al.Chemical,physical,and mechanical characterization of isocyanate cross-linked amine-modified silica aerogels[J].Chemistry of Materials,2006,18(2):285-296.
[9] Jiang L,Kato K,Mayumi K,et al.One-pot synthesis and characterization of polyrotaxane-silica hybrid aerogel[J].ACS Macro Letters,2017,6:281-286.
[10] Gao Q,Feng J,Zang C,et al.Mechanical properties of ceramic fiberreinforced silica aerogel insulation composites[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2009,37(1):1-5.
[11]董志军,颜家保,涂红兵,等.二氧化硅气凝胶隔热复合材料的制备与应用[J].化工新型材料,2005,33(3):46-49.
[12]张丽娟,王洋,李文静.耐高温透波气凝胶复合材料性能[J].宇航材料工艺,2015(4):47-52.
[13] Wang Y,Zhang Z,Feng J,et al.Fabrication and properties of SiO2-aerogel/short silica fiber porous skeleton composite[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2009,37(2):234-237.
[14]廖云丹.纤维增强SiO2气凝胶隔热复合材料的可控制备及性能优化研究[D].广州:广州大学,2012:44-75.
[15] Zhou T,Cheng X,Pan Y,et al.Mechanical performance and thermal stability of glass fiber reinforced silica aerogel composites based on co-precursor method by freeze drying[J].Applied Surface Science,2018,437:321-328.
[16] Li Z,Cheng X,He S,et al.Aramid fibers reinforced silica aerogel composites with low thermal conductivity and improved mechanical performance[J].Composites Part A,2016,84(3):316-325.
[17] Chen Q,Chen Y,Wu H,et al.Preparation and characterization of aerogel composites reinforced with electrospun nanofibre[J].Materials Research Innovations,2015,19(2):185-189.
[18] Wang B,Song K,Hainan M A.Synthesis and characterization of carbon nanofibers doped silica aerogels[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2013,34(5):604-608.
[19] Dervin S,Lang Y,Perova T,et al.Graphene oxide reinforced high surface area silica aerogels[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,2017,465(1):31-38.
[20]贺伟.石墨烯、纤维增强硅气凝胶的制备与性能研究[D].南京:东南大学,2017:33-38.